2021-2022学年云南省昆明师专附中高一(下)期中英语试卷(附答案详解).docx
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1、202L2022学年云南省昆明师专附中高一(下)期中英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AEverybody hates rats.But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan,LosAngeles,Turkey-rats will soon be man*s new best friends.What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs.Why? Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They hel
2、p rescuers to find living people.But dogs are big and they cant get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives : the rat.How does it work? First,the rat is trained to smell people.When this happens,the rats brain gives a signal (信号).This is sent to a smal
3、l radio on its back,and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.When the rat*s brain activity jumps,the rescuers know that someone is alive.The rat has smelled that person.Although there are already robots which can do this job,rats are better.Christian Linster at Cornell University,New York,says
4、,“Robots noses dont work well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that. Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs,and unlike robots,they dont need electricity!The rat project11 is not finished,but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotlan
5、d says Jit would be fantastic.A rat could get into spaces we couldnt get to,and a rat would get out if it wasn*t safe.* Perhaps for the first time in history,people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake,of course.)1. In the world earthquake capitals,rats will become
6、mans best friends because they canA. take the place of mans rescue jobsB. find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildingsC. serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildingsD. get into small spaces2. From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is ali
7、ve by(2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯。A Beautiful Place in China第10页,共21页答案和解析13.【答案】B、D、A【解析】(1 )B.细节理解题。根据第一段 But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan,Los Angeles,Turkey-rats will soon be mans newbest friends.(但是在世界地震之都一日本和洛杉矶,土其老鼠将很快成为人类的新朋友。)第二段 So nowa newresearch project is using a smaller anima
8、l to save livesthe rat.(因此,现在一项新的研究工程正在使用一种较小的动物来拯救生命:老鼠。) 可知,在世界地震之都,老鼠将成为人类最好的朋友,因为它们可以找到被困在建筑物 里的活着的人的位置。应选B项。(2) D.细节理解题。根据第三段 This is sent to a small radio on its back,and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.When the ratfsbrain activity jumps,the rescuers know that someone is alive.(它被发送
9、到一个背上的小型无线电,然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号。当老鼠的大脑活动跳跃时,救援人员 就知道有人还活着。)可知,救援人员可以通过老鼠背上的无线电发出的信号来判断一 个人是否还活着。应选D项。(3) A 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句 But dogs are big and they can*t get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.(但是 狗是大的,它们不能进入小的空间。所以现在一个新的研究工程正在使用一种更小的动 物来拯救生命:
10、老鼠。)可知D项为其优点,不符合题意。根据第四段最后一句叮hey are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs,and unlike robots,they dont need electricity ! (它们 比 狗更廉价,训练起来也更快,而且不像机器人,它们不需要电!)可知B、C两项为其优 点,不符合题意。文章最后一段提到将老鼠用于救援这个想法太奇妙了,并不是说老鼠 比其他动物奇妙,故A项符合题意。应选A项。这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用老鼠来寻找在地震中被困在地下的人的优势。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻
11、辑 关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章 未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作 者观点。47.【答案】C、A、C、D【解析】(1) C.细节理解题。根据第二段In Manchester there was a Dragon Parade (舞 龙表演)(在曼彻斯特有舞龙表演)可知,舞龙表演在曼彻斯特举行。应选C项。(2) A.细节理解题。根据第三段 When Wu arrived in Britain 26 years ago from Guangdong,the first thing he noticed wa
12、s that Chinese New Year was celebrated mainly in towns and cities with big Chinese communities. (26 年前,当吴从广东来到英国时,他注 意到的第一件事是,中国新年主要在拥有大型华人社区的城镇庆祝)可知,26年前, 当吴博士抵达英国时,中国的新年主要由华人社区庆祝。应选A项。(3 )C.细节理解题。根据最后一段 Now it is so different,and we are seeing local communities all over the country taking part alo
13、ngside their own Chinese populations,n he said. nIt is clear to me that the celebrations will continue to grow in Britain.(现在情况大不一样 了,我们看到 英国全国各地的当地社区和他们社区的华人一起参与到庆祝活动中来,“他说。“对我来 说,很明显,庆祝活动将继续在英国增长)可知,越来越多的英国人将参加中国新年的 庆祝活动。应选C项。(4) D.主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段Chinese New Year has been welcomed in Britain with
14、 its biggest ever program of events and celebrations.(中国新年以其有史以来规 模最大的活动和庆祝活动在英国受到欢迎。)可知,短文主要是关于中国新年在英国越 来越受欢迎。应选D项。这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国新年在英国越来越受欢迎。阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题 一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能 多地捕获信息材料。其次,细读题材,各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇 材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。要 善
15、于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分 析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。811 .【答案】A、B、A、B【解析】(1) A.词义猜想题。根据第二段 But a study published in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews in April suggests that sugar can make us feel worse rather than ourmoods.(但4月份发表在神经科学和生物行为评论上的一项研究说明, 糖会让我们感觉更糟,而不是我们的情绪。)可知boos
16、t的意思应该是和feel worse是 相反的,所以和A项” improve改善”意思相近。A.Improve提高;B.Harm伤害;C.Control 控制;D.Ignore忽视。应选A。第12页,共21页(2) B.细节理解题。根据第四段 They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired and less alert within an hour,and that these feelings become more intense (强烈 的) overtime.(他们发现,糖分过多的人在一个小时内会变得更累
17、、更不警觉,而且随着时 间的推移,这些感觉会变得更加强烈。)可知吃了糖之后感觉更累了。应选B。(3) A 细节理解题。根据第五、W According to the researchers,when people take in sugar,their blood sugar levels rise rapidly,leading to a burst of energy and a short nfeel good period.However,as they begin to digest (消耗)the sugar,their blood sugar levels decrease qu
18、ickly,leading to a bad feeling.To remain on a high”, people are likely to eat more and more sugar until they become addicted to it.As with caffeine,this prevents the body from relaxing,leaving people feeling tired and less alert (研究人员称,当人们摄入糖时,他们的 血糖水平迅速上升,导致能量爆发和短暂的“感觉良好”时期,然而,当他们开始消耗糖 时,他们的血糖水平迅速下
19、降,导致不好的感觉。为了保持一个“高“,人们可能会吃越 来越多的糖,直到他们对它上瘾。就像咖啡因一样,这会阻止身体放松,让人们感到疲 劳和不太警觉。)可知我们的情绪和血糖水平有关。应选A。(4) B.题。本文主要讲述了吃糖对我们健康以及情绪的影响。应该是一篇关 于吃糖与健康的话题,观看文章的应该是我们普通百姓,所以应该是一篇健康杂志上的 文章。A.A sports report 体育报道;B.A health journal 健康杂志;C.An economic report 经济报告;D.A medical newsp叩er医学报纸。应选B。木文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了吃糖对我们健康以及情绪
20、的影响。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上 合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜想,一定要做到有理有据。1215.【答案】D、B、C、B【解析】(1) D.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Read a lot,I mean a lot!(多读,我是说多 读!)以及最后一段的And when you read,make sure you read so wide (当你阅读时,确保 你的阅读范围很广)可知就阅读而言,学生们应该尽可能广泛的阅读,应选D。(2) B.猜想词义题。根据第
21、二段中的The fact that you are studying medicine in school does not mean that you should not know on e or two things on politics.(你在学校学医并不意味着你不应该知道一两件政治方面的事 情。)可推测出versatile”所在句子的意思是”你必须学习,并准备在阅读中成为多才多 艺的人。”因此划线词意为“多方面的“,结合选项A.interested感兴趣的;B.many-sided 多方面的;C.content满足的;D.confident有信心的。应选B。(3) C.标题确定题。
22、根据文章的内容和最后一段的And when you read,make sure you read so wide because the more you read the more you kno w and the more you know the more intelligent you can become.(当你阅读时, 确保你阅读 的范围很广,因为你读的越多,你知道的越多,你知道的越多,你就会变得越聪明。) 可知这篇文章讲的是阅读可以提高人的智力,因此C项Reading improves your intelligence”阅读提高你的智力”概括文意,可以作为本文标题,故 选C
23、。(4) B.细节理解题。根据第五段的The good thing about increasing your vocabulary is that it will also improve your thinking abi lity.After all,we think in words and the more words you know,the easier it will become for yo u to express yourself or your thoughts .(增力口词汇量的好处是,它也会提高你的思维能力。 毕竟,我们用语言思考,你知道的词汇越多,你就越容易表达
24、自己或你的想法。)可知 认得更多的单词的好处是:在表达自己的观点的时候,困难会少一些,应选B。本文是一篇社会文化类说明文,文章介绍了在阅读的时候,应该尽可能广泛的阅读,因 为这样可以扩大知识面,增加词汇量,使你更聪明。考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文,把握大意,然后结合题干及选项做出正 确的选择。1620.【答案】D、C、G、B、F【解析】(1) D.联系下文题。根据上文 Till now,COVID- 19 has been with us for nearly two years.(到目前为止,COVID-19已经伴随我们将近两年)以及后文Although getting sick
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