2022年高考语法讲座动词不定式的常考点归纳 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_高考语法讲座动词不定式的常考点归纳动词不定式是非谓语动词之一,是高考的重点.同学应把握一般式、进行式、完成式的主动语态 、被动语态.不定式充当的成分须娴熟把握,下面讲一下不定式的考点.不定式的时态形式这类考题最多,且大多是有关不定式完成式的试题. .1. Robort is saidabroad, but I don tknow what country he studied in.N MET1999A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studyingA2. AIDS is saidthe

2、biggest health challenge to both men and women in t hat area over the past few year.2022 湖北AThat it is B.to be C.that it has beenD.to have beenD不定式的时态形式一般包括三种：一般式、完成式和进行式.一般式表示的动作通常与谓语的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生,或在其后发生.假如不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前, 要用完成式. 同时发生时就用进行式. 假如所说的动作发生于谓语动作之前, 且始终在连续, 就用完成进行式, 不定式的完成式常用在 be said

3、如上例 , be reported, be considered或 appear, hope, pretend, se em 等以及某些情态动词之后,表示对过去事情的推断或虚拟假设.例如（NMET 9）7 :I would loveto the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone答案是:B.表示与过去事实相反的虚拟愿望.题干中的 last night 是挑选判定的依据.不定式的进行形式也是一个值得留意的考点.

4、二、不定式的语态形式当不定式的规律主语是其动作的承担者时, 通常要用被动式. 不定式的被动式在可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_句中可做主语、宾语、表语、状语及宾补等.例如（NMET LittleTom would loveto the theater this evening.A. to be takenB. to takeC. being takenD. taking92 ）:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_答案是 A.这里挑选除了依据语境之外,仍可以从take 是及物动词,而后面无宾语加以判定.又如（上海高考题）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料

5、_He claimedin the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterda y.A.being badly treatedB. treating badlyC. to be treated badlyD. to have been badly treated依据题意,此题该用不定式的完成被动式,表示动作发生在claimed 之前,故答案是 D.有时不定式用主动形式表被动意义（此略） .三、不定式的否定式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_其基本形式是 not to do, not 必需置于整个不定式结构之前. 例如（NMET

6、The patient was warnedonly food after the operation.A. to eatB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating96 ）:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_答案是 C.这道题并不难 ,只有熟识其否定式和 warn sb.not to do sth. 这个句型结构就能做对 .四、不定式的省略式假如前面有一个类似的动词词组,那么在答句中的不定式符号to 可用来代表此动词词组.例如（ NMET 95 ）:- I lbl e away on a business trip .Would you min

7、d looking after my cat.-Not at all.A.I veno timeB. I drather notC. I dlike itD. I dbe happy to答案是 D.to 后省略了 look after.不定式的省略现象,常显现在某些表示心里或情感状态的动词（如want, wish, hope, expect, love, hate, know, suppose, car e, prefer, mean等和动词 ask, tell, try, need 等）之后,以及某些半助动词和情态动词 be to ,beabout ,be going to, have t

8、o, ought to, used to 等之后.有时不定式符号 to 也可一并省略,此不累赘.五、forget ,remember,try, regret, mean, stop 等动词后既可跟 to 不定式又可跟可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_动名词,须依据其习惯用法和语境挑选例如（ NMET-The light in the office is stillon. Oh, I forgot.91 ）:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A, turningB, turn it offC. to turn it offD. havingturned it off答

9、案. C. forget to do 意为“忘了（要）做（某事）”forget doing “忘了做过（某事）“” rememb与er forget 有类似的用法,仍有 try to do 尽力做 try doing 试着做 regret to say/tell 很遗憾的说. Regret doing 懊悔做了某事. Mean to do 意欲 /想要做.Mean doing意味着做 stop to do 停下来做另一件事stop doing 停止做某事,The littletime we have together we try wisely.（上海高考题）A. spending itB.

10、to spend itC. to spend D. spending that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_答案是 C.填空处的意思是 “尽量过得有意义 ”.六不定式表目的,.Helen had to shoutabove the sound of the music.2022 全国卷三 A. makingherself hearB. to make herself hearC. making herself heardD. to make herself heard答案为 D.Helen 只好大声喊,以便使别人听到自己的声音,由于后面谈到有音乐的声音.高考猜测：1at a

11、college or university in the USA. Chinese and other int ernational students must demonstrate a strong abilityin spoken and writte n English.A. Having been acceptedB. acceptC. Being acceptedD. to be accepted解析： D 不定式短语作目的状语.与句子主语是被动关系.2 -Is Marsha stillhere .-No .She was the first.A. leaving B. to le

12、ave C. that she left D. in leaving解析： B在 Sb is the first /last to do sth. 句形中,不定式作定语.3 -Do you know the answerthe question.-Yes, of course, The question is easy A. of;to answerB. of ;to be answeredC. to ;to answerD. to ; to be answered解析. C不定式与介词问题.英语中,有一部分名词与to （表示归属、附加或关联）连用.并且句子主语和作状语的有规律上的动宾关系.4

13、. The doctors and nurses did everything theysave the child from danger .A. ought B. ought to C. couldD. could to解析： D 不定式与情态动词问题.此题是包含一个定语从句的主从复合句.句中 to save是不定式作目的状语,如要用 ought,就须另加上一个不定式符号 to.5. I would ratherwatching TV thanto the cinema.A. stay home;goB. to stay home ;to goC. stay home ;to goD. t

14、o stay home ;go可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_解析： A 不定式的问题.说明,英语中有一部分动词和短语动词须与不带 to 的不定式连用. 如：would rather do sth. than do sth. Do nothing but do sth, let/have/make/notice/watch/see/observe/feel/heardosth.等6. Cars are now so popular that it is difficult before them.A. imagining what life is like B. imagini

15、ng what life was likeC. to imagine what lifeis like D. to imagine what lifewas like解析：不定式与语序问题.此题是不定式作主语的情形,句中的是形式主语.动词后是一个宾语从句,因而不能用倒装结构7.-Good-bye, Mr. hagen. I mvery pleased .-Me too. Good bye.A. too meet youB. to have met youC. meeting youD. having met you解析：交际英语与不定式问题.英语口语中,俩人初次见面打招呼,除 了用 How d

16、o you do 外,仍常用 pleased to meet you .而当俩人初次见面后,分手时就说： pleased to have met you（很兴奋与你相识）前者用了不定式的一般式. 表示见面当时的动作, 而后者 用了不定式的完成式,就表示见面的动作已完成.8. The small child begged,but the doctor persuaded him to obey.A. not to operateB. not to operate onC. not to be operatedD. not to be operated on解析： D.小孩是动手术的对象, （动作的承担者）,因而须用不定式的被动式.9. They wanteda placein Pairs.A. to stay duringB. to stay whileC. to be stayed in duringD. to be stayed in while解析： D不定式与连词的问题.当不定式作定语,且他所修饰的名词是want, have等后面的宾语, 而 want, have 等动词的主语也是后置定语（不定式）的规律主语时,一般用不定式的主动语态,不用被动语态.是 while they were in pair 的省略说法.因此这里用一个连词.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载