高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案第a0918期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1 More recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electronic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified the to zzsmalK, languages.A. threatB. siteC. rangeD. extinction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，金融市场的国际化、电子媒体的信息

2、传播以及全球化的其他方面都加剧了 对小语言的威胁。A.threat威胁；B.site地点；遗址；C.range范围;D.extinction灭绝。根据句意可知，金 融市场的国际化、电子媒体的信息传播以及全球化会促进语言的统一，因此会威胁到小语言，导致其消失。应选Ao2、Many teenagers want to be like Zhong Nanshan when they grow up.A. writersB. engineersC. doctorsD. cleaners答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年长大后想成为钟南山那样的医生。A. writers作家；B.engin

3、eers工程师;C.doctors医生；D.cleaners清洁工。根据like Zhong Nanshan可知，此处表示想成为医生。应选C。3、The boy gives the policeman a of what happened in the accident.A. descriptions, describee. descriptiveD. descriptively答案:A解析：考查词义辨析。句意:那个男孩向警察描述了事故发生的经过。A.description描述，词性为名词；B.describe 描述，词性为动词；Jdescriptive描写的；表达的；为形容词；D.descr

4、iptively表达地，为副词。结合题干设 空前的冠词，所以此处要用名词。应选A。 highlight最好的局部符合句意。应选C。30、 More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great of goods.A. combinationB. mixtureC. extensionD. variety答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:越来越多的人选择在超市购物，因为超市提供各种各样的商品。A. combination组 合；B. mixture混合物；C. extension延伸；D. varie

5、ty品种。结合语境，a great variety of各种各样的，作量词, 固定搭配，符合题意。应选D项。31、The post card is sent by.A. a friend of my fatherB. a friend of my fathersC. my father friendD. my father friends答案：B解析：考查名词所有格辨析。句意：这张明信片是我父亲的一个朋友寄来的。根据句意分析，此处表达“我的父亲的 一个朋友，应用双重所有格结构，a friend of my fathers我父亲的一个朋友，符合题意。应选B项。32、 Everyone in th

6、e room burst out because of Jims funny story.A. laughterB. tearsC. cryingD. laughing答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为吉姆的有趣的故事，房间里的每个人都笑了。A. laughter名词，笑声，常用短 语burst into laughter表示突然大笑;B. tears名词,眼泪；C. crying名词，哭泣，哭泣声；D.laughing名词, 笑。根据后文because of Jirrfs funny story可知每个人都笑了，应用burst out laughing突然笑起来。应选D。33、 Se

7、eing the of my daughter playing with other kids on the beach, I felt so happy.A. sceneB. sceneryC. viewD. sight10答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和其他孩子在海滩上玩耍的场景，我感到很高兴。A. scene场景，场面；scenery （自然）风景；C. view视野,（从高处看到的）景色;D.sight景象,景点。根据playing with other kids on the beach”可知，这里描绘的是一个孩子们玩耍的场面，应用scene。应选A。34、We en

8、joy the great of shopping online, but there is also a high risk because we can be tricked bydishonest sellers.A. conveniences, confidenceexperienceD. intelligence答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们享受着网上购物的极大便利，但也有很高的风险，因为我们可能被不老实的 卖家欺骗。A. convenience 方便，便利；B. confidence 信心；C. experience 经验；D. intelligence 智力，才智

9、。根据句意和生活常识可知，网上购物给我们带来了极大的便利，convenience意为方便，便利，符合句意。应选A项。35、 Knowing the great of education on peoples life,he set up a school in 2016 to help children in remoteareas to receive an education.A. sourceB. qualityC. advanceD. impact答案：D 解析: 考查名词辨析。句意：知道教育对人们生活的巨大影响，他在2016年创办了一所学校，帮助偏远地区的儿童 接受教育。A.sour

10、ce源头；B. quality质量；C.advance进步；D.impact影响。根据句意可知,他在偏远地区创 建了一所学校是因为他知道教育对人们生活有着巨大的影响，impact on对有影响。应选D。36、We had chemistry in the newly built lab.以上句子中 chemistry 的成分是：11A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.状语答案：C解析：考查句子成分。句意：我们在新建的实验室里上化学课。分析句子可知，chemistry在这里作谓语动词had的 宾语，意为化学课。应选C。37、In less than one minute, a large city la

11、y in.A. rescueB. regardsC. ruinsD. request答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不到一分钟，一座大城市就变成了一片废墟。A. rescue营救；B.regards问候；C.ruins废墟；D.request要求。根据a large city lay可知，在一分钟之内，城市应该变为废墟。应选C项。38、 I wanted to pay the train, but my friend insisted. Finally I had to.A. fee; give upB. fare; give inC. money; give outD. fare; g

12、ive away答案：B解析：考查名词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想付火车票，但我的朋友坚持要我付。最后我不得不让步。A.fee费用；give up 放弃；B. fare 车费；give in 让步；C. money 金钱;give out 分发;D. fare 车费;give away 赠送。trainfare火车票费用。根据but my friend insisted.可知，朋友坚持付车票钱，所以作者不得不让步。应选B。39、Studying is very important, but as parents, wed better not put too much on children

13、.A. personalityB. creativityC. pressureD. advance答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习很重要，但作为父母，我们最好不要给孩子太大的压力。A. personality性格;12B. creativity 创造力；C. pressure 压力；D. advance 进步。由 Studying is very important 可知,父母不要给孩子 学习施加太大的压力。应选C项。40、Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a c

14、onvenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose is to remind group members toidentify their sources.A. dutyB. implicationC. meansD. operation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了组织者让团队成员同意一个共同的目的和一个方便的时间和地点外，团队成 员通常扮演着寻找信息源的角色，其职责是提醒团队成员识别他们的信息源。A. duty职责；B. implic

15、ation影 响；C. means 方法;D. operation 操作。根据Csto remind group members to identify their sources.“可知，此处 指的是寻求资源者的职责，应选A。41、 To make a team perform better, the coach has to know their and weaknesses.A. powersB. forcesC. strengthsD. energies答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让一个团队表现得更好，教练必须了解他们的长处和短处。A. powers能力； B force

16、s力量;C.strengths长处；D.energies能量。由名词weakness （弱点）可知，此处用名词strength。应选 C项。42、 To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A. satisfactionB. sorrowC. delightD. joy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们深感悲哀的是,超过500万人死于Covid-19。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B.13 sorrow 悲伤；C. delight 快乐；D. joy 喜悦。根据空后“over 5 million of

17、people died of Covid-19”可知，因为 500万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。43、 As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A. characterB. opinionC. statueD. figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格； B.opinion意见；C.statue雕塑;D.figure人物。根据常识可知，姚明是一个公众人物，因此空格处是人物。 应选Do44、S

18、he spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer.A. impactB. pressureC. impressionD. description答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. impact影响；B. pressure压力；C. impression印象；D. description描述。根据“She spoke very confidently ，可知她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主 留下好印象。应选C项。45、 Dieting and exe

19、rcising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. perseveranceB. interactionC. appreciationD. amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。A.perseverance坚持不懈；B.interaction相互作用;C.appreciation感激；D.amusement可笑。根据句意可知，节 食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。应选A选项。46

20、、 I would appreciate if I could have the of giving a speech here.14A. it； honourB. that； honourC. it； gloryD. that； glory答案：A解析：考查代词it和名词辨析。句意：如果我荣幸在这里作演讲我将不胜感激。I would appropriate it if如果将 不胜感激是固定句型，it是形式宾语，honour”荣誉；面子；荣幸侧重于指高尚的行为，比方忠诚，老实而 受到赞誉,可表示“被引以为荣的人或物。have the honour of doing sth.有幸做某事，glor

21、y 光荣侧重于获 得的令人称颂的光荣或荣誉地位。根据句意，此处表示引以为傲的事情。应选A。47、 Its time for all countries to work together to reduce air.A. recognitionB. reservationC. positionD. pollution答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在是所有国家共同努力减少空气污染的时候了。A. recognition认识，识别；B.reservation预定，预约;C.position位置;D.pollution污染。根据空前句意可知,空处需用名词pollution,表 示所有国家共同努

22、力减少空气污染。应选D。48 I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost of it.A. viewB. sceneC. visionD. sight答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着飞机越飞越高，直到它消失在我的视线里。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“看不见,表达为sb. lose sight of sth.。A. view风景;B.scene场景；C.vision视觉;D.sight视野,视线。应选D。49、This information allows businessmen to keep of their list

23、 of goods by showing which items are beingsold and how fast they are moving.A. sightB. trackC. touchD. sign15答案：B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息通过显示正在出售的商品和商品移动的速度，使商人能够跟踪他们的商 品清单。A. sight 视力；B. track 踪迹;C. touch 触碰;D. sign 迹象。根据后文“of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they

24、are moving”可知指跟踪他们的商品清单，应用 keep track of。应选 Bo50、What you do every day will eventually affect whether you can achieve your goal. In other words, your behavior will have a vital on your success.A. effortB. effectC. affectionD. affect答案：B解析：考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意：你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。换句话说，你的行为 将对你的成功有至关重要的影

25、响。A. effort努力；B. effect影响；C.affection喜爱；D. affect影响。根据句意 可知，行为对于成功有影响，空处缺少名词作宾语，affect为动词。应选B项。51、In the picture there are many and two.A. sheep; foxesB. sheeps; foxC. sheeps; foxesD. sheep;foxs答案：A解析：考查名词单复数辨析。句意：图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意，由many许多，可知sheep用复数形式, sheep羊，单复数同形；空格二由two可知，fox用复数形式，fox狐狸，复数形式为foxe

26、s。应选A项。52、 Mr. Tony always has to tell his students at the beginning of his lectures.A. a good newsB. some good piece of newsC. some good pieces of newsD. some piece of good news答案：C16解析：考查量词短语。句意：在课程开始时，托尼先生总是有一些好消息告诉学生们。结合句意和选项可知，news 意为新闻，消息是不可数名词，想要表达数量，可用量词短语，即选项中的piece,意为条，个，而量 词短语中piece是可数的，其

27、前有some修饰要用复数形式。应选C项。53、 Protecting yourself from theft is a matter of treating all your personal and financial documents as topsecret information.A. identityB. databaseC. conferenceD. resident答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：保护自己不被盗用身份就是把你所有的个人和财务文件当作绝密信息来对待。A. identity n.身份；B. database n.数据库，资料库；C.conference n.专题讨论会

28、；D.resident n.居民。根据句子结构和意思 可知，这里考查名词做定语，表示身份的意思，修饰后面的名词theft。应选A。54、Would you send me some of yours? I miss you very much!A. magazinesB. photosC. phonesD. works答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！ A. magazines杂志；B.photos照片；C. phones ；D. works作品。由后文“I miss you very much!可知，因为非常想念,所以此处表示寄一些照 片给我。应选

29、B。55、 The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A. survive; survivals, survive; survivorC. survival; survivorD. survivor; survival答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive17 幸存，survival 幸存；B.survive 幸存,survivor 幸存者；C.survival 幸存,survivor

30、幸存者；D.survivor 幸存者， survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是幸存者survivor；第二空处意为她的幸存， 第二空是名词幸存survival。应选D。184、 Many stations have wheelchair from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.A. approvals. averageC. accessD. angle答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多车站都有从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。A. approval赞成；B. average平 均数；C. ac

31、cess 通道；D. angle 角度。由下文“from the car park or entrance to the station platforms”可知，此处 说的是从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。应选C。小提示：5、 It might be very difficult to find the of the information.A. causeB. resourceC. courseD. source答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:要找到这个信息的来源可能很困难。A.cause原因;B.resource资源；C.course课 程；D.source来源。根据句意可知，要找

32、到这个信息的来源可能很困难。应选D项。6、 Try to keep a between work and relaxation.A. healthB. balanceC. fitD. balanced答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。A.health健康；B.balance平衡；C.fit健康的；D.balanced平衡的。a后跟名词作宾语，由between work and relaxation可知，句子说“努力在工作和 休闲之间保持平衡”，因此空格处是“平衡,即balance, keep a balance betweenand.是固定短语,意为“

33、在和之间保持平衡，应选B。7、Is money the of a happy life?A. basisesB. basicC. basisD. based答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？ A. basises名词，basis的复数形式，意为基础；B.basic形容词, 意为“基本的；基础的；C.basis名词，意为基础；D. based形容词，意为在居住（或工作）；基地（或 总部）在；为基础的。the basis of的基础，用名词的单数形式。应选C。8、According to the picture, you can go there.A. when you wan

34、t to have a restwhen you want to buy somethingB. when you want something to drink答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：根据图片，你可以去那里。图片中文字意思：厕所、休息室。A.当你想休息时；B. 当你想买东西时；C.当你想喝点东西时。可知当你想休息时，你可以去那里。应选A。9、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. a

35、daptationC. expectationD. qualification答案：B 解析: 考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition 雄心抱负；B. adaptation 适应，改编；C. expectation 期待；D. qualification 资格。根据句意，watching this screen和Norwegian %od可知，此处表达小说的电影改编版本，应选B。10、 There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. n

36、oiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：机器一定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B.noisy adj.噪杂的;C.voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。11、Before getting on a coach, a train or plane, you must have the of your bag checked to make sure youarent carrying any dangerous things.A. detailsB. contentsC. ingredien

37、tsD. entrances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上长途汽车、火车或飞机之前，你必须检查一下包里的东西，以确保你没有携 带任何危险物品。A. details细节;B. contents内容,所容纳之物;C.ingredients原料;D.entrances入口。由 语意可知，为了确保没有携带危险物品，你必须检查包里所装的东西。应选B项。12 The of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statisticC. nutritionD. discovery答案：D解析：

38、考查名词词义辨析。句意：青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation一代；B.statistic统计；C.nutrition 营养;D. discovery 发现。根据后文“of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria指青霉素的发现，应用discovery,应选Do13、The boss has in solving such a problem.A. many experiencesB. many experiencedC. much experiencedD. much experience答案：D解析：

39、考查名词。句意：老板在解决这样的问题上有丰富的经验。空处为宾语，应用名词，名词experience意为经 验时是不可数名词，意为经历时是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处表示有很多经验，不可数名词用much 修饰，应选Do14、Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest, but others argue that a better score is their mainA. recognitions. attractionC. occupationD. motivation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学生认为

40、他们喜欢阅读只是出于兴趣，但其他人认为更好的成绩是他们的主 要动机。A. recognition 识另U； B. attraction 吸引；C. occupation 职业；D. motivation 动机。根据上文a better score is their main指更好的成绩是喜欢阅读的动机，应用motivation。应选D。15、She has a good of the French language.A. nativeB. baseC. commandD. request答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她精通法语。A. native本地人，当地人；B.base根基，基础；

41、C mand命令， 掌握；D. request请求，需求。have a good command of为固定短语，意为“精通。应选C。16、 We stay in with each other by telephone.A. contacts. contractC. constructD. confuse答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过 保持联系。A. contact联系；B. contract合同；C.construct构想；D. confuse混淆。固定搭配：in contact with与有联系。应选A。17、The stronger the is, the more q

42、uickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whetherhe has an interest in it.A. motivationB. cooperationC. qualificationD. interaction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感 兴趣。A. motivation 动力；动机；B. cooperation 合作；C. qualification 资格；D. interaction 相互作用。根据 “whethe

43、r he has an interest in it”可知，感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。18、Do you have a work for this week, Doreen?A. headlineB. attitudeC. scheduleD. identity答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你这周有工作安排吗,多琳？ A. headline头条新闻；B. attitude态度；C. schedule 日程、计划；D. identity身份。这里指工作安排。应选C。19、请选出与单词“symbol”匹配的释义。A.相似B.象征C.同义词D.原谅答案：B解析： 考查词汇意思。symbol

44、意思是象征，应选B。20、 It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.A. routineB. reflectionC. consumptionD. identity答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常认为那些志愿者工作是个人身份很重要一局部的人们最有可能会继续进行他们的志愿者工作A routine例程,惯例；B. reflection

45、反射；C.consumption消费；D.identity身份。结合句意和part of their personal可知，此处是指把志愿者角色看作个人身份的一局部，identity符合题意。应选D。21、 He made a great to the development of the new medicine.A. challengeB. contributionC. characterD. concern答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：他对新药品的开展做出了巨大贡献。A. challenge挑战；B.contribution贡献；C. character角色；D. concern担忧。分

46、析句子可知，动作的对象是新药品的研发，结合选项这里应该指“他对此做出了贡献, 符合短语 make a contribution to。应选 B 项。22、Scientists want to bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth on whats called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. seedD. ancestor答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。A.sample 样本；B.product 产品；C.seed 种 了

47、； D.ancestor 祖先。由前面的bring a chunk of the red planet downto earth可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是样本。应选A。23、 I think it to read English storybooks and its a great way to improve my English.A. interests. interestingC. interestsD. interested答案：B 解析：考查词义辨析。句意：我觉得读英语故事书很有趣，这是提高我英语水平的好方法。A. interest名词，兴趣， 爱好

48、；B. interesting形容词，有趣的；C.interests名词，利益，好处；D.interested形容词，感兴趣的。分析 可知，本句使用了 think it+adj.+to do的句式，it为形式宾语，adj.此处为宾补，不定式结构为真正的宾语，表 示读英语故事书，所以要用-ing结尾形容词。应选B。24、 Some of his teammates complained that he showed a lack of to the team.A. commitmentB. appointmentC. engagementD. amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一些队友抱怨说，他缺乏对集体的奉献。A. commitment承诺、奉献；B.appoi