高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全第h3438期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）This new variety of music is a around the world.A. phenomenon; spreadsB. phenomena; spreadingC. phenomenon; spreadingD. phenomena; spread答案：c解析：考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：这种新的音乐形式正在世界各地传播。根据不定冠词a,此处用单数名词 phenomenon （现象）。分析句子结构，空格二用非谓语动词，与前面名词phenomenon构成主动关系，用现 在分词形式，spreading符合题意

2、。应选C项。1、 The job must have good expression skills.A. cheaterB. philosopherC. warriorD. applicant答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份工作的申请人必须有好的表达技巧。A. cheater骗子；B.philosopher哲学家；C warrior勇士; D.applicant申请人。只有applicant可以job形成词组“工作申请人,其他项均与语义不符, 应选D项。3、Procrastination can often pose to people/s ability their goals s

3、uccessfully, which is evident, forexample, in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.A. a question . of pursuingB. an obstacle . to pursueC. a dilemma . to pursueD. a hindrance . to pursuing答案：B解析： 考查名词和非谓语。句意：拖延症往往会给人们成功追求目标的能力带来阻碍，这一点很明显，例如，拖延A. routineB. reflectionC.

4、 consumptionD. identity答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常认为那些志愿者工作是个人身份很重要一局部的人们最有可能会继续进行他 们的志愿者工作A. routine例程，惯例；B. reflection反射；C.consumption消费；D. identity身份。结合句意 和part of their personal可知，此处是指把志愿者角色看作个人身份的一局部，identity符合题意。应选D。29、 With top class home theatre, you can watch the latest movies in the of your own

5、home.A. constructionB. limitationC. appointmentD. comfort答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有一流的家庭影院，您可以在舒适的家中观看最新的电影。A. construction建设;limitation 限制；C. appointment 任命；D. comfort 舒适。根据With top class home theatre,“可知，可以在舒 适的家中观看电影。应选D。30、 His primary concern is not with his own, but he focuses on how much more he c

6、an help others, revealing （展现）a fine character.A. independences. mannerC. entertainmentD. welfare答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最关心的不是自己的幸福，而是他能帮助别人多少，展现出他的优秀品质。A.independence 独立；B. manner 方式,举止；C. entertainment 娱乐；D. welfare 福祉，福利。根据 help others” 和“revealing a fine character”可知，他最关心的不是他自己的幸福。应选DoI think it to

7、 read English storybooks and its a great way to improve my English.A. interests. interestingC. interestsD. interested答案：B10解析: 考查词义辨析。句意：我觉得读英语故事书很有趣，这是提高我英语水平的好方法。A. interest名词，兴趣，爱好;B. interesting形容词,有趣的；C.interests名词，利益,好处;D.interested形容词,感兴趣的。分析 可知，本句使用了 think it+adj.+to do的句式，it为形式宾语，adj.此处为宾补，

8、不定式结构为真正的宾语，表 示读英语故事书，所以要用-ing结尾形容词。应选B。32、We all know that is an important value and lying is wrong.A. honesty; thatB. honest; /C. honesty; /D. honest; that答案：A解析：考查名词和宾语从句。句意：我们都知道老实是一个重要的价值观，说谎是错误的。分析句子结构可知，第 一空为句子主语需要用名词，即第一空填honesty；第二空and所并列的是know所引导的宾语从句。在从句 中，句子结构和意义完整，用连接词that引导宾语从句。此处为and并

9、列的第二处宾语从句，所以that不可 省略，故第二空填that。应选A。33、 Export sales were up by 57% last year, so the company is confident of its further.A. downfalls. expansionC. supervisionD. investigation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因此该公司对进一步扩张充满信心。A. downfall W 台,衰败，下雨；B.expansion扩大，扩张；C.supervision监督；D. investigation iMS

10、o由语意可知，该公司 去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因此对进一步扩张信心满满。应选B项。34、Considering its convenience and wide application, the investors are becoming increasingly excited about the future of the new digital device.A. expenseB. prospectC. propertyD. profit11答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的方便性和广泛应用性，投资者对这种新型数字设备的未来前景越来越 兴奋。A. expens

11、e费用;B.prospect前景;C.property财产,所有物；D.profit利润。根据句意可知,因为它 的方便性和广泛应用性，投资者应该是看好这种新型数字设备的未来前景，prospect意为前景，名词词性, 符合句意。应选B项。35、Now that some endangered species are disappearing from the world at an alarming speed, 35 crucial to raise peoples of protecting our planet.A. comprehensionB. consciousnessC. cons

12、cience答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于一些濒危物种正以惊人的速度从世界上消失，提高人们保护地球的意识至关重耍。A. comprehension理解力；B.consciousness意识，观念；C.conscience良心,良知。根据句意可知,濒危物种正以惊人的速度从世界上消失，由此可知，应该提高人们保护地球的意识，consciousness意为意识, 观念”，名词词性，raise ones consciousness of意为“提高某人 的意识”。应选B项。36 My brother is a shy boy, so it is a great for him to sin

13、g in front of the judges and audience.A. chanceB. challengeC. characteristicD. change答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的弟弟是一个害羞的男孩，因此在裁判和观众面前唱歌对他来说是一个巨大的 挑战。A. chance机会；B.challenge挑战；C.characteristic特点，特征；D.change改变。根据句意可知,此处 表示弟弟害羞，当众唱歌对他是挑战。应选B。37、Cosplay, short for costume play, is a of costume creation and

14、role-playing, and 37 a big part ofthe at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego.12A. mix.sceneB. mix.sceneryC. confusion.sceneD. confusion.scenery答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cosplay (costume play的简称)是服装表演的缩写，是服装创作和角色扮演的混淆， 它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展(Comic-Con)的重要组成局部。A.mix混合scene场景；B.mix混 合scenery

15、 风景； C.confusion 7昆淆scene 场景；D.confusion 昆淆.scenery 风景。由 Cosplay 和 costume creation and role-playing 可知，Cosplay 是 costume creation and role-playing 的混合，因止匕第一空是 mix；由 at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego可知，它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展 (Comic-Con)的重要组成局部，动漫展是一个场景，因此第二空是scene, scenery指的是自

16、然风景，应选A。38 More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great of goods.A. combinations. mixtureC. extensionD. variety答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人选择在超市购物，因为超市提供各种各样的商品。A. combination组 合；B. mixture混合物；C. extension延伸；D. variety品种。结合语境，a great variety of各种各样的，作量词, 固定搭配，符合题意。应选D项。39 g

17、reat fun we had snowmen!A. What a, makingB. What a, to makeC. What, to makeD. What, making答案：D解析：考杳感叹句和非谓语动词。句意：我们堆雪人是多么有趣啊!做某事开心是havefun (in)doingsth.此处用 makingo句子是what+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！结构的感叹句，句中名词fun 是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词。应选D。40、We take plagiarism (票窃)very seriously and, as a result, our p

18、ublishing platform includes a comprehensive13 system to ensure.A. adaptations. maturityC. originalityD. distinctiveness答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们非常重视剽窃，因此，我们的出版平台包括一个全面的系统，以确保原创性。 A.adaptation适应；B.maturity成熟；C.originality独创性,原创性；D.distinctiveness独特性。结合句意,重视 剽窃，禁止剽窃，为的是确保原创，空处意思应该是原创性。应选C。41、 Seeing the o

19、f my daughter playing with other kids on the beach, I felt so happy.A. sceneB. sceneryC. viewD. sight答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和其他孩子在海滩上玩耍的场景，我感到很高兴。A. scene场景，场面；scenery （自然）风景；C.view视野,（从高处看到的）景色;D.sight景象,景点。根据playing with other kids on the beach可知，这里描绘的是一个孩子们玩耍的场面，应用scene。应选A。42 Malala Yousafzai, a

20、（n）of women/s rights, became a victim of terrorist attack.A. inventorB. competitorC. advocateD. composer答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女权倡导者Malala Yousafzai成为恐怖袭击的受害者。A. inventor创造者；B.competitor 竞争者；C. advocate 拥护者，倡导者；D. composer 创作者。根据became a victim of terroristattack,可知,Malala Yousafzai是女权的倡导者。应选Co43、Knowin

21、g the great of education on peoples life,he set up a school in 2016 to help children in remoteareas to receive an education.A. sourceB. qualityC. advanceD. impact14答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。句意：知道教育对人们生活的巨大影响，他在2016年创办了一所学校，帮助偏远地区的儿童 接受教育。A.source源头；B.quality质量；C.advance进步；D. impact影响。根据句意可知，他在偏远地区创 建了一所学校是因为他知道

22、教育对人们生活有着巨大的影响，impact on 对有影响。应选D。44、If you give me a/an to speak, KII explain.A. adviceB. interviewC. doubtD. opportunity答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你给我一个发言的机会，我会解释的。A. advice建议；B.interview面试，采 访；C. doubt怀疑；D.opportunity机会。结合句意可知，此处是指给一个发言的机会。应选D项。45、progress he has made since he came to this language sch

23、ool!A. What muchB. How muchC. What a greatD. How great答案：A解析：考查感叹句。句意：自从他来到这所语言学校以来，他取得了多大的进步啊！分析句子结构可知，此处为感 叹句，句型为：what+a/an+adj.+n.+S+V!,排除B项和D项；此处修饰的名词progress是不可数名词，不用 冠词a限定，排除C项。应选A。46 I wanted to pay the train, but my friend insisted. Finally I had to.A. fee; give upB. fare; give inC. money; g

24、ive outD. fare; give away答案：B解析：考查名词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想付火车票，但我的朋友坚持要我付。最后我不得不让步。A.fee费15 用；give up 放弃;B. fare 车费；give in 让步；C. money 金钱;give out 分发；D. fare 车费;give away 赠送。trainfare火车票费用。根据but my friend insisted.可知，朋友坚持付车票钱，所以作者不得不让步。应选B。47 Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 oclock this evening?A. s

25、atisfactions. appointmentC. delightD. convenience答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗?A.satisfaction满意；B.appointment约会，预约， 约定；C.delight高兴；D.convenience方便。分析可知,名词convenience符合句意，作动词suit的宾语。应选 D项。48 For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond thei

26、rA. inspirations. restorationC. fascinationD. comprehension答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解。A.inspiration 灵感；B. restoration 恢复；C. fascination 魅力；D. comprehension 理解。 根据For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review,可知，考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。应选D。49、The red lanterns on the

27、street added to the of Spring Festival.A. deliveryB. priorityC. encounterD. atmosphere答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛。A. delivery递送；B. priority优先权；C.encounter偶遇；D. atmosphere气氛。根据The red lanterns on the street可知，街上的红灯笼增加了春节气氛。应选D项。1650 Disneyland offer people many forms of.A. enduranceB. emotionsC

28、. entertainmentsD. equations答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼乐园为人们提供多种娱乐形式。A. endurance忍耐力；持久力；B. emotions 情感；C. entertainments 娱乐；D. equations 方程式。根据上文“Disneyland offer people many forms of”可知迪士 尼乐园提供的是娱乐形式。应选C。51、 As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A. characterB. opinionC. s

29、tatueD. figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格；B.opinion意见；C.statue雕塑;D.figure人物。根据常识可知，姚明是一个公众人物，因此空格处是人物。应选DoIt is to come into your leaders office without their permission.A. a good mannerB. a bad mannerC. bad mannersD. good manners答案：c解析：考查固定句型。句意：未经领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子

30、可知，manner意为方式，方 法,名词词性，作礼貌讲时,应用其复数形式manners, It is bad manners to do sth.意为做某事是不礼貌 的，故空格处应用bad manners。应选C项。52、 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. perseveranceB. interactionC. appreciationD. amusement17答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但

31、你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。A.perseverance坚持不懈;B.interaction相互作用;C.appreciation感激；D.amusement可笑。根据句意可知，节 食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。应选A选项。54 Our school is based on the basic that all students should develop their full potential.A. optionB. intelligenceC. principleD. structure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学校基于的基本原那么是所有学

32、生都应该充分发挥自己的潜力。A. option选项; B. intelligence智力；C.principle原那么；D.structure结构。根据句意可知，所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜 力应该是学校的基本原那么，principle意为“原那么，名词词性，符合句意。应选C项。55、 “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with clearly in her voice.A. angerB. confusionC. regretD. panic答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤米，快跑!快

33、点!房子着火了!母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。A.anger愤怒, 生气；B.confusion困惑；C.regret后悔,遗憾；D.panic惊慌，恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲是恐 慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：56 I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost of it.A. viewB. sceneC. visionD. sight答案：D18解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着飞机越飞越高，直到它消失在我的视线里。根据句子分析可知，此处表示看不见,表达为sb. lose sight of

34、 sth.。A. view风景;B.scene场景;C.vision视觉；D. sight视野,视线。应选Do57、If what your friend comes up with surprises you, dont express your immediately.A. regionB. rejectionC. electionD. mission答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的朋友给你惊喜，不要立即表示拒绝。A.region地区；B.rejection拒绝，抛 弃；C.election 选举；D.mission 任务。根据If what your friend come

35、s up with surprises you”可知,不要拒绝朋友 给你带来的惊喜。应选B。58 Hearing the funny speech given by the famous professor, all of us burst into.A. laughedB. laughterC. laughingD. laugh答案：B解析：考查固定短语。句意:听到这位著名教授的有趣演讲，我们大家爆发了大笑。burst into laughter突然大笑； 放声大笑是固定短语，根据句意，应选B。59 I failed in my to persuade her to go with me.A

36、. attemptB. attackC. thrillD. border答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B. attack攻击；C.thrill激 动；D. border边界。in ones attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed”可知，是试图说服，但失败。应选A。19 症与学校成绩较差有关。A.a question . of pursuing问题；追求B.an obstacle . to pursue”阻碍；追求C.a dilemma . to pursue困境；追求D.a hindrance .

37、 to pursuing阻碍；追求。固定搭配 ones ability to do sth“某 人的做某事的能力，故排除选项A和D。在根据句意，拖延症是会阻碍成功的。应选B。4、 Although three teams adopted different to the problem, they all succeeded.A. methodsB. waysC. approachesD. means答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然三个小组对这个问题采取了不同的方法，但他们都成功了。A. methods方法;B ways方式,方法；C.approaches方法;D.means方法。浏

38、览选项可知,四个选项都有方法的意思，但根 据句中“to the problem可知，句中涉及固定短语“an approach to sth及 意为“的方法，此时to为介词,而 method”和means不和介词“to连用，a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”，但这个短语中to为不定式符 号，不是介词。应选C项。5 Now, reduced energy supplies have led to more in the technology of new energy vehicles.A. advancesB. traditionsC. behaviorsD. examples

39、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，能源供应的减少导致了新能源汽车技术的更多进步。A. advances进步；B. traditions传统;C. behaviors行为;D. examples例子。由语意可知，能源供应的减少导致了新能源汽车技术的 更多进步。应选A项。6、一 I have a sore throat today!一 You/d better take advantage of the tea break to go to.A. chemistsB. the chemistC. the chemistsD. the chemists答案：C 解析:60、 Protect

40、ing yourself from theft is a matter of treating all your personal and financial documents as topsecret information.A. identityB. databaseC. conferenceD. resident答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：保护自己不被盗用身份就是把你所有的个人和财务文件当作绝密信息来对待。A. identity n. 身份；B.database n.数据库，资料库；C. conference n.专题讨论会；D.resident n.居民。根据句子结构和意思 可知，

41、这里考查名词做定语，表示身份的意思，修饰后面的名词theft。应选A。61 It is commonly known that many old people feel pains in their bones when rises.A. humidityB. pesticideC. antibioticD. intensity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，当湿度上升时，许多老年人感到骨头疼痛。A. humidity湿度；B.pesticide 杀虫剂;C. antibiotic 抗生素；D. intensity 强度。根据前文“many old people feel pa

42、ins in their bones”可 知，因为湿度上升，会使患风湿骨痛的老人骨头疼。应选A项。62 The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A. survive; survivals. survive; survivorC. survival; survivorD. survivor; survival答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive 幸存，survival 幸存；B.sur

43、vive 幸存，survivor 幸存者；C.survival 幸存，survivor 幸存者；D.survivor 幸存者， survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是幸存者survivor；第二空处意为她的幸存， 第二空是名词嶂存survival。应选D。63 This country is rich in natural.20A. sectionB. reflectC. resourcesD. responsibility答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：这个国家自然资源丰富。A.section局部；B.reflect反射，反响，反思；C.resources资源；D.

44、responsibility责任。结合句意考查固定搭配natural resources,意为：自然资源。应选C。64 Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the rest of the century.A. concernB. signalC. strategyD. accident答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； signal信号,预兆；strategy策略；accident意外事故。根据上文的look forward

45、展望可推断，领导层想要展 望未来，制定策略。应选C。65 一Can you see the building clearly in the foggy day?-It makes no to me whether its foggy or not, for Km blind.A. senseB. mistakeC. differenceD. meaning答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：一一在雾天你能清楚地看到那座建筑物吗?一一不管雾不雾对我都没有 关系，因为我看不见。A.sense意识;B.mistake错误;C.difference不同；D.meaning意义。由foEm

46、blind （因 为我看不见）可知，句子表示不管雾不雾对我都没有关系，make no difference to sb.为固定短语，意为对某 人来说无所谓/没关系，因此空格处为difference,应选C。66、 His hard work made him very successful in his job.A. NP AdjpB. NP AdvpC. Adjp NPD. NP NP答案：C21解析: 考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意：他的努力工作使他在工作上非常成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful

47、,该短语在句中作宾语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job.是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。67、 Mr. Moses was once the head of World Architectural Association(WAA), yet he is now nothing more than aA. retired anthropologistB. retiring anthropologyC. retired architectD. retiring architecture答案：c解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：摩西先生曾是世界建筑协会(WAA

48、)的主席，但他现在只不过是一个退休的 建筑师。表示“退休的应用过去分词转换的形容词retired； architect建筑师，architecture建筑，根据上文 the head of World Architectural Association 可知，此处是指一个建筑师,应用 architect 表达，retired architect退休建筑师”。应选C。68 They are building the bridge in with another company.A. constructionB. comparisonC. contrastD. association答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在和另一个公司合作修建桥。A.construction修建