2022届山东省师范大学附属中学高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022届山东省师范大学附属中学高三上学期开学考试英语试题本试卷分I卷和第II两局部，共10页，总分值为150分，考试时间120分 钟。本卷须知：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置 上。2 .第一卷每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3 .第二卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区 域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得 使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。第I卷（共95分）第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）该局局部为第一、第二

2、两节。注意：答复听力局部时，请先将答案标在试卷 上。听力局部结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡 上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒 钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man most probably doing?A. Carrying a box.B. Writing a book.C. Studying.2. What are the speakers mainly

3、 talking about?A. The long flights the team took.B. The seasonal result of the team.C. The number of the games the team played.3. How many people will be employed?A. 8.B. 16.C. 30.【答案】8.A9. C 10. B 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了杰出女性攀岩者艾米丽哈林顿成功攀爬3000 英尺岩层，创造纪录的故事，并借此引申报道了女性近年来在攀岩运动中的亮眼成就。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据

4、文章首段的介绍 “In November 2021, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on El Capitan-a 3000 foot（917 meters） rock formation（H0） in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat（EE） within a day and became the first woman to free-climb the Golden Gate route （2021年11月，34岁的美国攀岩者艾米丽哈林顿登顶了酋长巨石一一美国约塞 米蒂

5、国家公园的一个3000英尺高，约合917米的岩层。她在一天之内完成了这一壮举并成 为第一个徒手攀爬金门路线的女性徒手攀岩者）可知，她在一天之内就登顶了酋长巨石, A选项符合原文，应选择A项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文 u Womens superior strength-to-weight ratio （比例）helps offset （弥补） anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes （女性优越的力量与 体重比有助于抵消我们身体力量上的缺乏，弥合了两性之间的差异）结合句中的。ff

6、set（弥 补）及bridging可知，上文表达的是，攀岩这项活动是少数能够让男女公平竞争的运动之一， A. Give a sense of belonging.感觉至U归属感；B. Give someone an advantage.给某人一个优势； C. Make a situation more balanced.使情况能够平衡；D. Allow someone to prove themselves.it 某人能证明自己。C项“Make a situation more balanced,使情况能够平衡”与level the playing field创造公平竞争的环境意思相近，应选择

7、C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段首句中 u According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Eiter had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself .（根据纽约邮报报道，这一路上没有前人探索出来的路径。也就是意味了 Eiter必 须自己寻找支撑点，并预测这些行动将如何进行）可知，Eiter面临的困难是无迹可寻。应 选择B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。此题要求得出我们

8、可以从这两位主人公身上学到什么，实质上是要求判断两位 主人公的品质。纵观全文,Harrington和Eiter的身份都是female climbers （女性攀岩者）, 且文中使用了 great伟大的）和legendary传奇的）等词进行修饰，攀岩运动是一项极限 运动，作为杰出的现代女性，对其发起挑战，这表达了她们的勇敢brave）；同时，文中分 别讲述了她们经过长时间的练习和准备，对高难度岩层发起挑战，并取得成功的故事，且全 文最后一句u Women have decided to follow their hearts.,z （女性决定依心而行）,说明她们 会追逐心中的目标（pursue

9、your goal）,综上，应选择D项。DAl, 5G, cloud computing and other digital technologies are not only changing our lives but shaping the economy as well.China/s six major commercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the e-CNY （数字人民币）trials in the country, as reported by Shangh

10、ai Securities News on March 23.“The functions and properties of the-CNY are exactly the same as those of the paper currency, except that the form is digital,团 said Mu Changchun, head of the Peoples Bank of Chinas Digital Currency Research Institute.Many people are puzzled by e-CNY and electronic pay

11、ments. Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper money and electronic payment,0 said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. zzln theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.0Compared with Alipay

12、 and WeChat payments, e-CNY features anonymity （匿名性）and security. E-commerce platforms that accept payments via e-CNY will not have access to users personal information. E-CNY users can open an anonymous digital wallet by registering a mobile phone number, and telecom operators cannot disclose （泄露）c

13、ustomer information to the central bank or any third-party institutions. Mu noted that e-CNY users privacy protection is at the highest level among all the existing payment tools.Similar to Alipay and WeChat payments, using e-CNY requires an account. After obtaining the other partys account number,

14、users can enter the amount of digital money to transfer （转钱） and then enter the payment password to complete the transaction （交易）.However; the process behind these transfers are different. For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferr

15、ed money only when they withdraw money from banks. But e-CNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to complete a transaction.Therefore, it guarantees risk-free payments, according to Wu.In simple terms, e-CNY can be considered /zmoney0, while electronic payments are like “wallets团.12. What can

16、we know about e-CNY?A. It is issued by six major commercial banks.B. It combines paper money and electronic payment.C. It is designed to replace Alipay and WeChat payments.D. It has exactly the same function as other payment tools.13. How does e-CNY protect users privacy?A. By limiting access to per

17、sonal information.B. By storing personal data in the central bank.C. By opening a unique digital wallet for each user.D. By linking telecom operators to a mobile phone number.14. What can be concluded from Paragraph 6?A. E-NCY transfers require to go through a third party.B. E-NCY is more convenient

18、 than other electronic payments.C. E-NCY can be transferred without the receivers information.D E-NCY and electronic payments ensure security in the same way.15. Whats the main purpose of the text?A. To promote the use of e-NCY.B. To inform readers of digital RMB.C. To compare different types of pay

19、ments.D. To describe the impact of digital technologies.【答案】12.B13. A 14. B 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人工智能、5G、云计算和其他数字技术不仅在改变我们的生活， 也在塑造经济。由此讲述了 e-CNY （数字人民币）的功能，性质和特点等。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 “ Many people are puzzled by e-CNY and electronic payments. Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper m

20、oney and electronic payment,回 said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. zzln theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.（彳艮多人对 e-CNY 和电 子支付感到困惑。北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院教授吴倩红表示：“数字货币兼具纸 币和电子支付的特点。 “从理论上讲，数字货币可以取代纸

21、币、支付宝和微信支付。） 由此可知e-CNY结合了纸币和电子支付。应选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 uCompared with Alipay and WeChat payments, e-CNY features anonymity （匿名,性）and security. E-commerce platforms that accept payments via e-CNY will not have access to users personal information.（与支付宝和微信支付相比，e-CNY具有匿名性和 平安性。接受&CNY支付的电子商务平台不会获取用户的个人

22、信息）由此可知通过限制获 取用户的个人信息来保护e-CNY使用者的隐私，应选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段 “For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But e-CNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to complete a transaction

23、. Therefore, it guarantees risk-free payments, according to Wu.如果采用电子支付方式，那么需要通过第三 方进行转账，接收者从银行取钱时才能得到转账的资金。但是e-CNY转账只需要一个支付者 和一个接收者来完成交易。因此，它保证了无风险支付。）这样，e-CNY要比其他支付方式 方便并且无风险。由此可推断，e-CNY比其他电子支付方式更方便，应选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段 “Chinas six major commercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts

24、to provide new drive for the e-CNY （数字人民币）trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23.（据?上海证券报?3月23日报道，我国六大商业银行 正在加大电子钱包的力度，为国内试点人民币提供新的动力。）以及下文对e-CNY（数字人 民币）功能、性质和特点等的介绍，可知本篇文章目的就是要告诉读者关于e-CNY （数字人民 币）的相关信息,应选B。第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项

25、中有 两项为多余选项。A career aptitude （能力、 倾向）test is often used to help those interested in entering thework force. 16. These tests can help evaluate how a person thinks and best understandwhat areas of interest a person may want to go after.17. They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased a

26、s multiple-choice ortrue/false questions. These are often used so that the results of the test can be determined through computer analysis of answers. Take 123 Career Test for an example. 123 Career Test is a five-to-ten minute assessment of your career personality. You look at pictures of people wh

27、o are doing work-related task and choose yes or z/no0 in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task. 18, the computer will soon tell you what work environments andoccupations best suit your career personality.123 Career Test shows how wonderful career aptitude test can be. You may n

28、ow be eager to try one. 19,Some career aptitude tests may only focus on analyzing the types of skills or strengths and weaknesses a person may have. The results of such tests may not always match what a person wants to do. Someone could be very strong at critical thinking and analysis, which may ind

29、icate he or she has an aptitude for becoming a scientist. If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue. 20.A. It is relatively easy to carry outIt indicates what tests are more suitab

30、le for themB. It determines what career might be the best choice for themAfter you finish the tasks related to choosing yes团 or no团C. But before you do that, there/s something youd better knowThe results only show a career which he or she may be good atD. There are many ways in which a career aptitu

31、de test can be prepared【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了职业能力测试方式，以及测试结果的参考价值。 【16题详解】根据上文 u A career aptitude （能力、 倾向）test is often used to help those interested in entering theworkforce.职业能力测试通常被用来帮助那些有兴趣进入职场的人）可知，本段主要 讲述的是职业能力测试的用途，c选项“它决定了什么职业可能是他们的最正确选择选项 中的it指代的就是上文中的“A ca

32、reer aptitude （能力、倾向）test，符合题意，应选择C项。【17题详解】根据下文 “They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/falsequestions.（它们通常会由许多多项选择题或者是判断正误题的问题组成）可知， 这里说的是测试题的表现形式，G项“职业能力测试的呈现方式有很多符合题意，应选择 G项。【18题详解】根据上文 “You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related t

33、ask, and choose zzyes0 or “noEl in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task.（你看那些正在做与工作相 关的任务的照片，然后答复是或者不是，来判断你是否能够看到自己在享受这项任务）”可 知，这里说的是123职业测试的方式，D项“在你完成了选择是还是否的相关任务后由 after引导承接上文内容，符合题意，其中“yes or “no与上文一致，应选择D项。【19题详解】根据上文“You may now be eager to try one .你现在可能就想去试一下）可知，说的是想 去进

34、行职业能力测试，E项“但是在你去做之前，有一些事情你最好了解中的But表示转 折关系，承接上文的想要去做测试，并引出下文，说明做之前还有一些事情要了解，句中“that指的就是上文提到的“去试一下，应选择E项。【20题详解】根据上文 “If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue.然而， 如果这个人对 科学没有特别的兴趣，

35、那么这种测试的结果并不一定说明他或者是她可以从事什么职业） 可知，这里说的是有关职业测试结果的内容，F项“结果就只能说明他或者是她可能擅长的 职业，the results7以及“heorshe”是上文内容的复现，符合题意，应选择F项。 第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a

36、big company. Each one was 21 separately by a committee of three people. Each applicant22 the questions and tried their best to 23 the interviewers.However, one 24 proved to be set them apart, which was, “What is the 25 of being yourself?0The first one said:zzBe spontaneous (自 发的)and dont 26 as peopl

37、e expect you to.HThe second one said:/zShow your 27 to reflect your strong personality.0The third person presented the following insight: Be honest and dont 28 in order to impress people.0The committee wasnt 29 with their answers and decided to invite five other30 to interview for the job.31, the co

38、mmittee asked a simple question that 32 the candidates/ way ofthinking. The phrase be yourself0 seems to carry a(n) 33 meaning, but how one34 it can reveal a lot about him or her.This expression encourages people to ignore outside influences and think 35. Only bydoing so can we define our ambitions,

39、 address our weaknesses and achieve our goals in our ownway.21. A. recommendedB. interviewedC. informedD.received22. A. answered predicted23. A. impress24. A. incident question25. A. benefit26. A. work27. A. kindness28. A. change challenge29. A. annoyed30. A. interviewers31. A. In turnB. raisedB. gr

40、eetB. actionB. purposeB. complainB. confidenceB. lieB. delightedB. employeesB. In returnC. choseC. attractC. choiceC. meaningC. refuseC. responsibilityC. praiseC. relievedC. applicantsC. In truthD.D. pleaseD.D. resultD. behaveD. honestyD.D. contentD. officialsD. In total32. A. improvesincludes33. A.

41、 importantdifferent34. A. believesexplains35. A. carefully【答案】21. B 22. A36. A. improvesincludes37. A. importantdifferent38. A. believesexplains39. A. carefully【答案】21. B 22. AB. reflectsB. familiarB. practicesB. independently23. A 24. DC. determinesC. shallowC. acceptsC. positively25. C 26. D 27. BD

42、.D.D.D. deeply28. B 29. D30. C 31. C 32. B33. C 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过讲述三个应聘者的故事，来说明“做自己 的真正意义。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三位面试者单独由三位成员组成的委员会来进行面试。A.recommended 推荐；B. interviewed 面试；C. informed 通知；D. received 收到。根据上文 “Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a

43、 big company.三名 申 请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）可知，三个人是在接受面试,应选择B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个申请人都会答复一些问题，并尽力给面试官留下深刻印象。A. answered 答复;B. raised 举起;C. chose 选择;D. predicted 预测。根据上文中的 “interviewing 及下文中的“questions可知，是在面试过程中答复以下问题，应选择A项。【23题详解】考查词义辨析。句意:同上。A. impress给深刻印象;B.greet问候；C.attract吸引；D. please 使快乐。 根据上文 u

44、Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager ata big company .（三名申请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）可知，说的是申 请者尽可能给面试官留下深刻印象，impress 给深刻印象符合句意，应选择A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个问题把他们区分开来，问题是“做自己的意义是什么？ A. incident 事件；B. action 行动；C. choice 选择；D. question 问题。根据上文 “ Each applicant answered t

45、he questions每个申请人都要答复一些问题）”可知，这里说的是其中的一个问 题，应选择D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. benefit利益;B. purpose目的；C.meaning意义；D. result 结果。根据下文申请人的答复 “The first one saidJBe spontaneous （自发的）and dont behave as people expect you to.0第一个申请人答复说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表 现）可知，上文问的是做自己的意义，应选择C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个申请人答复说，要自发的

46、，而不是像人们期望的那样去表 现。A. work工作;B. complain抱怨；C. refuse拒绝；D. behave表现。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）可知，这里答复的是做自己就是 要自发的，不是像别人期望的那样去表现，应选择D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个人答复：“展示你的自信，来反响你强烈的个性。 A. kindness 仁慈，善行；B. confidence 自信；C. responsibility 责任；D. honesty 老实。根据上文 u being yourself做自

47、己）及下文 u reflect your strong personality （反响你强烈的个性）”可知，这里说的是展示自信，应选择B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个人陈述了他的领悟：“要老实，不要为了给别人留下深刻 印象而撒谎。A. change改变;B. lie撒谎；C.praise赞美;D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Be honest要老实）可知，下文说的是不要撒谎，应选择B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：委员会对于他们的答案并不满意，并决定邀请其他的申请者来 面试这份工作。A. annoyed生气的；B.delighted快乐的；C.reliev

48、ed宽慰的;D.content满意 的。根据下文 “decided to invite five other applicants to interview for the job.（决定邀请其他 的申请者来面试这份工作）可知，委员会对于这三位申请人的答复是不满意的，应选择D 项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interviewers面试者;B.employees雇员；C.applicants申 请人；D. officials 官员。根据上文 “The committee wasnt content with their answers （委员会 对于他们的答复并不满意）可知，要邀请其他的申请人来面试，应选择C项。【33题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，委员会提出了一个反响候选人思维方式的简单问题。A.In turn依次;B.In return作为回报;C.In truth事实上；D.In total总计。根据