2022年8月湖北省地区自考英语（一）试题及答案.docx

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1、2022年8月湖北省地区自考英语（一）试题及答案第1题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, and are known for their role in pollination （授粉）and for producing honey and beeswax. The best-known bee species is the European honey bee, which, as its name suggests, produces honey, as do a few other

2、 types of bee.A、 There is only one queen in a hive.B、 Every bee does a job without being told.C There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees.D、 Bees do not like ice and snow.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。空格是首句，通过空格后的内容判断首句内容，紧着空 格的那句话提到了关键词species,有关蜜蜂的种类的，然后浏览各选项，不难 看出C选项最符合上下文语境。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The first pri

3、nciple is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. Q: People are more likely to

4、 cooperate with those who like them.A、 TrueB、 FalseC、 Not Given【正确答案】AD from time to time【正确答案】c【答案解析】从本段最后一句话可知，这个短语与“Sunup to sundown同义, 即日出到日落，也就是从早到晚。第19题【单项选择题】2007.4 Diamonds are the hardest substance in nature.A、 findB、 foundC、 findingD、 to find【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词。句意是“钻石是自然界所发现的最硬的物质”。 表示的

5、是被动的含义，所以要选B。第20题【单项选择题】2005.4 In one type of laboratory test all the variables one are controlled.A、byB andC、butD、or【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查介词的用法。根据句子意思来确定答案，需要添入的词应 该有“除了”的意思。句意为：在一类实验室测试中，除了一个变量外其余所有 变量都在掌握之中。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Jamie was worried about the junk food which he saw being served which included

6、 burgers, pizzas and chips. So he decided to ban the junk and started cooking some good soup and curries for the children instead. So he improved the school dinners in that particular school, and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food. Then he put pressure on the government to improve the st

7、andards of school food across the country. And it looks like the changes have taken place. Generally, schools didn t serve to students before.A、 soup and curriesB、 hot cooked mealsC、 drinks and chipsD、 burgers and pizzas【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节查找并简单判断题。本段告诉我们，名厨Jamie在 他所工作的学校进行了午餐改革，开始给学生做汤和咖喔饭。这说明学校通常不

8、 提供这样的饭菜。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Until recently, the “science of the future” was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence. Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and

9、 genetic engineering. This combination is the science of biotechnology. According to the passage, the science of the future is likely to be .A、 electronicsB、 biotechnologyC genetic engineeringD nuclear technology【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。此题问的是未来的科学是属于什么的？本段最后一句给 出了答案，属于生物科技，所以选B。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The basic t

10、ools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it. There，s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. . Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person youre de

11、aling with, getting him or her to trust you.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、 Come back another day; it will go better.C、 The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience. D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后面作者说到Take a while just to chat,强调

12、的是要花时间chat 以增进相互之间的了解。所以选D,这样就很符合逻辑顺序。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic abili

13、ty. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. The author argues that a teacher? s chief concern should be the development of the student sA、 personal qualities and social skillsB、 total personalityC、 lear

14、ning ability and communicative skillsD intellectual ability【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据本段的内容，可以看出学生的total personality（总体素质） 包括了 academic ability or intellectual ability, personal qualities 和 social skillso也就是说这些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看 一下这一段的第三两句，可以得出正确的答案应该是选项B。其他几个选项的意 思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分开发学生的全面能力的主张。第25题【单项

15、选择题】【阅读理解】The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers To find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came

16、 across math, such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example, was probably anxious about math. According to the experiment, those teachers were probably anxious about math when they felt.A、 nervous memorizing the numbers of a sa

17、les receiptB helpless saving the numbers of a sales receiptC、 uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receiptD、 hopeless filling in the numbers of a sales report【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co本段第三句To find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when the

18、y came across math, such as when reading a sales receipt 指出了答案。 memorizing the numbers 意为“记住数字”;saving the numbers 意为“保存数 字”;filling in the numbers意为“陆续编入数字”，而且文中没有提到a sales report,它们均不是答案。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn，t take much further

19、 thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well. Q: Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.A、 TrueB、 FalseC、 Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。文章第二句说，不难想象成年人吃早餐的话也会感觉更 好，工作效率更高。因此此题的陈述是正确的。第27题【单项选择题】The discount houses were first established in that period

20、 of time people s purchasing power was 1ow.A、 whichB、 thatC、 whenD、 where【正确答案】c【答案解析】先行词是in that period of time,所以关系词应选择when。第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】More and more Americans are living alone. Some live alone because of divorce or the death of a partner. . According to a recent U. S. census （人口普杳）,25 percen

21、t of all households in the U. S. are made up of just one person.A、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.B He says, “I like being by myself.”C、However, even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.D、 There s more pressure to get married nowadays.【正确答案

22、】c【答案解析】前句中是在对美国单身人中的具体情况进行介绍，而且提到了一些 美国人单身leave alone的原因，这是一个线索词，判断C是答案，C中提到了 更大多数美国人单身的原因。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Somewhere around puberty （发育；青春期），something happens in the timing of the biological clock. （2）The clock pushes forward, so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they

23、 used to. When your mother tells you its time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later. What is implied in the second paragraph?A、Young children，s biological clock has the

24、same rhythm with that of the teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the change of the biological clock.C、 Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light from the computer screen.

25、【正确答案】c【答案解析】推理判断题，对应原句The clock pushes forward （推动）,so adolescents （青年）and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to.的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考察used to （过去）的意思得到答案为c。第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University, visualize the current by measuring subtle （2田彳散的） changes in

26、the magnetic field of an object and .A、 to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing the d

27、ensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个 是 measuring subtle （细微的） changes in the magnetic field of an object； 另一个就是converting the information into，即：通过测量一个物体的磁 场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第31题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Some 20, 000 tons of antibiotics are used in the Europe

28、an Union and the US each year. More than half are give to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth. .A、 The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry.B、 The drugs could be getting into our food and water.C、 Many drugs given to humans ar

29、e also excreted unchanged.D But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibioticresistant bugs that infect people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】前两句讲的是抗生素在欧洲和美国的大量使用，这句讲的是由此导 致的不良后果，接上去是最合理不过的。But明确地说明了这一转折。第32题【单项选择题】【概括大意】 Volunteering gives

30、you an opportunity to change lives, including your own. If you re feeling frustrated or overwhelmed by the news of a disaster, volunteering to help can be a great way to cope. If you d like to support a cause but can, t afford to donate money, you can donate your time instead. Helping others in need

31、 is such an important part of the American way of life that many high schools require their students to spend a certain number of hours volunteering in order to graduate. Volunteering is a great way to learn new skills 一 from working as part of a team to setting and reaching goals. It gives you a ch

32、ance to discover what kinds of things you re best at and enjoy the most. A volunteer job that you love can even help shape your ideas about your career goals. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Support a health-related causeB、 Teach in CountrysideC、 Volunteer in Special FestivalD、 Goodness of Vol

33、unteering【正确答案】D【答案解析】短文第一段罗列了一系列的成为志愿者的好处，不仅能帮助改变别 人的生活，也能很好的改变自己的生活等等，很明显这一段的总结是答案D。第33题【单项选择题】In one type of laboratory test all the variables one are controlled.A、byB、andC、butD、or【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查句子的逻辑关系。根据句子意思来确定答案，需要添入的 词应该有“除了”的意思。句意为：在一类实验室测试中，除了一个变量外其余 所有变量都在掌握之中。第34题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The basic

34、tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it. Theres nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person youre deal

35、ing with, getting him or her to trust you.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、 Come back another day; it will go better.C、 The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后面作者说到Take a while just to chat,强调的是要

36、花时间chat 以增进相互之间的了解。所以选D,这样就很符合逻辑顺序。第35题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lack of sleep can affect everything from our emotions to how well we focus on tasks like driving. It can affect sports performance, increase our chances of getting sick, and may be linked to weight gain in some people. You ve probably noticed how m

37、uch running around little kids do 一 and how soundly they sleep. Take a tip from a toddler and get at least 60 minutes of exercise a day. Physical activity can decrease stress and help people feel more relaxed. Just don t work out too close to bedtime because exercise can wake you up before it slows

38、you down. Lack of sleep can increase our chances of .A、 feel more relaxedB、 waking up in middle nightC、 getting sickD、 Watch TV and surf online【正确答案】c【答案解析】由关键词lack of sleep可定位至文章第一段。第一段提到缺乏睡 眠会增加人们生病的几率，所以C为标准答案。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】“Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and p

39、romote long term thinking, “ says Dr Gregory Stock of the University Of California School Of Public Health. It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work. Longer lives dont just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. We have war, poverty, all sorts

40、 of issues around, and I don t think any of them wou1d be at all helped by having people live longer, “ says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan. The question is What will we get as a society, s suspect it won t be a better society. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living

41、 longer might enable an individual to doA、 Spending more time with his family.B、 Having more education.C Realizing more dreams.D Working longer.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Ao这段话第二点说到：人们不仅喜欢与想他们的人合作, 而且也乐意与喜欢他们的人合作。因此此题论述是正确的。第3题【单项选择题】2007. 4 I had never expected you to turn at the meeting. I thought you were i

42、n Shanghai.A、 aroundB、onC、inD、up【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。Turn around转身；turn on翻开，开始；turn in拐入，上缴，出卖；tun up找到，出现，发现。根据句意，这里需要填入的 是D,表示“出现”的意思。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading - 125 Fahrenheit below zero. Read

43、ings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter is about 73 degrees below zero. The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.A、 TrueB、 FalseC、 Not Gi

44、ven【正确答案】A【答案解析】文章本段的段首句中提到了 Antarctica,接着的一句说“南极洲 保持着世界的低温记录。所以该问题句的说法正确。【答案解析】答案选B。长寿使个人能做的事主要在以上两段里讲到，作者没有 提到长寿可以让人更多地接受教育。第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning. She s very good about it, says her father David. Lani is alive today because

45、 of her father David, in more than one way; when she was one year old she received part of her father s liver in a livertransplant operation. Lani was born with a liver illness. . Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she wou 1 d live.A、 She had one operation when she was six w

46、eeks old, which was not successful.B、 David quickly recovered from the operation.C、David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.D、Doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.【正确答案】A【答案解析】文章说Lani出生时就有肝功能缺陷，她六周大的时候做过一次手 术，但是没有成功，所以后边医生才会建议说她能活下来的唯一方法就是做移植 手术。第3

47、8题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University, visualize the current by measuring subtle （细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object and .A、 to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fieldsC as well as revealing mi

48、croscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个 是 measuring subtle （细微的） changes in the magnetic field of an object； 另一个就是converting the information into-,即：通过测量一个物体的磁 场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen, commonly used to reduce the risk of skin c