专题04 语法填空（含答案解析）-2022届高三英语一模二模试题分类汇编（浙江专版）.docx

《专题04 语法填空（含答案解析）-2022届高三英语一模二模试题分类汇编（浙江专版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题04 语法填空（含答案解析）-2022届高三英语一模二模试题分类汇编（浙江专版）.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题04语法填空（解析版）一、浙江嘉兴二模（4月） 二、浙江台州二模（4月） 三、浙江宁波二模（4月） 四、浙江杭州二模（4月） 五、浙江绍兴二模（4月） 六、浙江温州二模（4月）目录七、浙江金华十校二模（4月）八、浙江金华十校一模（11月）九、浙江宁波一模（11月）十、浙江绍兴一模（11月）十一、浙江台州一模（11月）十二、浙江温州一模（11月）一、浙江嘉兴二模(4月)第二节(10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A second-grade education has not stopped garbage coll

2、ector Jose Gutierrez, aged 53, from bringing the gift of reading to thousands of Colombian 56 (child).Gutieirez started rescuing books from the garbage nearly 20 years ago. He always drove a garbage truck through the countrys wealthier neighborhoods. Over time, the 57 (abandon) reading material slow

3、ly piled up. And now the ground floor of his small house is fled from floor to ceiling 58 some 20,000 books, ranging from chemistry textbooks to classics for kids.He says books are treasures for kids in low-income neighborhoods such as 59(he). New readingmaterial at bookstores is too expensive and p

4、ublic libraries tend 60 (be) far away from poorer areas. This should be on each comer of every neighborhood/ says Gutierrez. He has a love of reading 61 he says comes from his mother. She always read to him even though she was 62 poor to keep him in school.So far, Gutierrez 63 (travel) to book fairs

5、 in Mexico and Chile to share his experience of starting a library. To me, the book is the greatest 64 (invent) that can happen to a human being J he says, adding that he does not reject technology that allows books to be read 65(digital), but he prefers to read the printed阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括

6、号内单词的正确形式。At the end of the 19th century, nearly 40 percent of American cars were electric. In cities with early electric systems, battery-powered cars were 56 popular and reliable choice, compared with their gas-powered competitors. 57 early car batteries were expensive and inefficient. At the same

7、 time, new 58 (discover) of oil fields lowered the price of gas, and new advances made gas-powered cars more appealing. Thats why gas-powered cars 59 (rule) the roads for the next 55 years. Aside from some special-purpose vehicles, electric cars were nowhere to be found.However, in the 1980s, the ti

8、de began to turn. Studies associating car emissions 60 smog(霾)encouraged governments to reconsider electric vehicles. Many companies were developing increasingly efficient batteries at that time. In 2008, Tesla Motors went further, 61 (attract) the attention of the world with its lithium-ion-powered

9、 (锂电的)sport cars, 62 could travel more than 320kms on a single charge. Since then, electric vehicles63 (improve) in cost, performance, efficiency and availability. They can accelerate 64 (fast) than gas powered sports cars. And though some models still have a high upfront cost, they save their drive

10、rs money in the long run.As governments around the world focus on slowing climate change, electric vehicles are now expected65 (replace) gas-powered ones altogether. Soon, electric cars will reclaim their place on the road.56-65题答案】【答案】56.a57, But 58. discoveries59. ruled 60. with61. attracting 62.

11、which 63. have improved64. faster 65. to replace【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了汽车的发展历程。九十年代末，汽油车比较受欢迎。但后期由于 环境污染和技术发展，电车变得更流行。56题详解】考查冠词。句意：在拥有早期电力系统的城市，与汽油车相比，电动汽车是一个受欢迎且可靠的选择。本 句中表语“choice”是单数名词，前面要有冠词修饰。故填a。57题详解】考查连词。句意：但早期电车的电池很贵并且效率不高。根据上文“In cities with early electric systems, battery-powered cars wer

12、e a popular and reliable choice, compared with their gas-powered competitors.（在拥有早 期电力系统的城市，与汽油车相比，电动汽车是一个受欢迎且可靠的选择。），表明电动汽车的优点。本 句讲的是电动汽车的缺点，因此中间需加连词表转折。故填But。58题详解】考查名词。句意：同时，新发现的油田使天然气价格降低，汽油车的新发展让它更具吸引力。“new”是形 容词，应该修饰名词，而且句中oil fieldsv是复数。故填discoveries。59题详解】考查动词。句意：这就是为什么在接下来的55年里，汽油车统治了交通。本句是

13、why引导的表语从句，rule 是从句中的谓语动词。根据上下文可知，本文讲的是过去的事，因此此空的时态是一般过去时。故填ruled。60题详解】考查介词。句意：将汽车尾气排放与雾霾联系起来的研究鼓励政府重新考虑电动汽车。固定短语associate A with B 意为把A和B联系起来”。根据本句句意，把汽车尾气排放和雾霾联系起来。故填with。61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：特斯拉公司进行了更深的研究，以锂电汽车吸引了全世界的注意，这种汽车充一 次电可行驶320公里以上。本句谓语动词是travel,因此attract是非谓语动词。因为“吸引”和主语“特斯 拉”是主动关系。故填attract

14、ing。【62题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，could travel more than 320kms on a single charge.”是定语从句，先 行词是lithium-ion-sport cars。定语从句缺主语，指物，且本句是非限制性定语从句故填which。63题详解】考查时态。句意：从那时起，电动汽车在成本，性能，效率和可用性方面都有所提高。句中improve是谓语动词，根据句中时间状语“since then”可知，本句应填现在完成时。因为主语是复数，应该用have done。故填 have improvedo【64题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：它们可以比汽油车加速更

15、快。因句中有“than”，可知是比较级。故填faster。65题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：随着世界各国政府对减缓气候变化的关注，电动汽车现在有望完全取代汽油车。因 为有固定搭配“be expected to do sth.”意为“被期望做某事”。故填to replace。六、浙江温州二模(4月) 第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Perhaps the finest nature writer of the Twentieth Century, Rachel Carson (1907-1964)36 (rem

16、ember)more today as the woman who challenged the idea that humans could obtain mastery over nature by chemicals, bombs and space travel than for her studies of ocean life. 37 (work) for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Washington, DC, 38 (primary) as a writer, she was always aware of the effect

17、 that humans had on the natural world. All her books were physical explanations of life, all 39 (fill) with miracle of what happens to life in and near the sea.Carson wrote about how islands were formed, how 40 (current) change and merge (融合),how temperature affects sea life, 41 how erosion (侵蚀)affe

18、cts not just shore lines but fish populations and tiny micro-organisms. But how, she wondered, would the educated public be kept informed of these challenges to life42(it)? In Silent Spring, she asked the hard questions about whether and why humans had the right tocontrol nature; to decide who lives

19、 or 43 (die), to poison or to destroy non-human life. In showing that all biological systems were dynamic and by urging the public 44 (question) authority, to ask Who speaks and why?1 Rachel Carson became a social revolutionary, and Silent Spring became the handbook for 45 future of all life on Eart

20、h.【3645题答案】【答案】36. is remembered37. Working38. primarily39. filled 40. currents41. and 42. itself43. dies 44. to question45. the【解析】这是一篇传记，主要讲述了保护自然的作家Rachel Carson的生平。【36题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：今天，Rachel Carson被人们记起，与其说是因为她对海洋生物的研究，倒不如 说她对固有思想（人类通过化学，原子弹以及太空探索去征服世界）的挑战。根据today可知，本句要用一 般现在时，由于remember与主语Rac

21、hel Carson是被动关系，因此要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is remembered o【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她在华盛顿特区的美国鱼类和野生动物管理局工作，主要是作为一名作家，她一 直意识到人类对自然世界的影响。空格处是非谓语动词，与主语she是主动关系，要用现在分词作状语，位 于句首，首字母需大写。故填Working。【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：在华盛顿特区为U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service工作时，主要是作为作家，她当时总是意识 到人类对自然的影响。空格处是状语，修饰介词短语，要用副词。故填primarily。【39题详解】 考查非谓语

22、动词。句意：她的所有的书都是按照自然法则去解释生命，充满了对在海洋里或者近海处生命 的奇迹。空格处是非谓语动词的独立主格结构，fill有自己的逻辑主语all, be filled with为固定短语，空处 需填过去分词作状语。故填filled。【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：卡森写了岛屿是如何形成的，洋流是如何变化和融合的，温度是如何影响海洋生物的, 侵蚀不仅影响海岸线，还影响鱼类种群和微小的微生物。how引导的宾语从句缺少主语,current意为“洋流。 是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填currents。【41题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。本句中四个how都是

23、并列关系，作介词about的宾语，因此要用并列连词。故填and。【42题详解】考查反身代词。句意：但是她感到困惑的是受到教育的人们能了解这些对生命本身的挑战吗？空格处强调 life本身，因此要用反身代词。故填itself。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：她问到，“为什么人类有权力决定谁的生死，去投毒和毁灭非人类的生命？ ”根据who lives or”可知空格处要用一般现在时。故填dies。【44题详解】考查不定式。句意：为了表明所有生物系统都是有活力的，她恳求公众去质问当局。根据“urge sb. to do sth（恳 求某人去做某事广可知空格处填不定式作宾补。故填to questiono4

24、5题详解】考查冠词。句意:Rachel Carson成为一名社会活动家，她的书Silent Spring成为关注世界上所有生命的手册。 空格处特指将来，因此要用定冠词。故填the。七、浙江金华十校二模（4月） 第二节（10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。A large historical house thats been in Seattle9s Queen Anne neighborhood for more than a century will be on sale later this year.The sp

25、lendid home, 36 （locate） at 618 West Highland Drive, has sat on its 0.32-acre plot since 1905. It was built at the turn of the 20th century, 37 （use）plans drawn up by W. Marbury Somervell, 38 work can be found throughout the Pacific Northwest. Inside the house, many of the features -including its fl

26、oor, staircase, and ceiling beams 39 （restore）so much so that they appear fancy and shiny. This home is not a time capsule: The kitchen is modern and equipped 40 high-end appliances. The six bedrooms and bathrooms suit thoselooking to live a life of luxury.The houses location is 41 added bonus in it

27、self. It 42 (border)Parsons Gardens, which were once part of the property. The 43 (origin)owners of the home, the Parsons family, gifted the gardens to the city in 1956.“We raised our children in 44 we believe is both a warm, welcoming home and a nice entertaining space for family, friends and good

28、45(cause) J the owner said. “We hope the new owners will enjoy and cherishit.36-45题答案】【答案】36. located 37. using 38. whose39. have been restored 40. with41. an 42. borders 43. original44. what 45. causes【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在西雅图安妮女王社区的一个多世纪的大型历史建筑。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座豪宅位于西高地大道618号，自1905年以来一直坐落在这块0.32英

29、亩的土地 上。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。固定搭配be located at “位于”，此处省略be动词，在句 中作状语。故填located。【33题详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。代词It指的是The splendid home,与动词 use是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填using。38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它建于20世纪初，采用W. Marbury Somervell提出的设计方案，他的作品遍布整个 太平洋西北地区。句中先行词为W. Marbury Somervel,在非限定性定语从句中作名词work的定语，所以用 关系代词whos

30、e引导。故填whoseo【39题详解】考查时态与语态。句意：在房子内部，包括地板、楼梯和天花板横梁在内的许多特征都被修复得如此之好， 以至于它们看起来既华丽又闪亮。表示已经完成的的事情，用现在完成时。主语many of the features与动词 restore是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been restoredo【40题详解】考查介词。句意：这个家不是一个时间胶囊：厨房很现代，配备了高端电器。固定短语beequip with “配备”。 故填witho【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：房子的位置本身就是一个额外的好处。名词bonus是单数形式，泛指，且形容词added发 音以

31、元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。【42题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它与斯帕森斯花园接壤，后者曾是该地产的一部分。陈述客观事实，用一般 现在时。主语It后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填borders。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：这座房子的最初主人帕森斯一家在1956年把花园送给了市政府。名词owners前用形容 词修饰。故填original。【44题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：“我们认为，我们的孩子是在一个温暖、受欢迎的家和一个很好的娱乐空间，为家 人、朋友和慈善事业，”业主说。介词in后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填whato【45题详解

32、】考查名词的数。此处与and前family, friends是并列成分，所以用名词的复数形式。故填causes。八、浙江金华十校一模（11月）第二节（10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。We hear about climate change pretty much every day now. Scientists have just announced that July was the hottest month ever 36 (record). The scientists are from the Nati

33、onal Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the USA. A spokesperson from NO A A said, July is 37 (typical) the worlds warmest month of the year, but July 2021 beat 38 (it) as the hottest July and hottest month ever. NOAA said Earths land and ocean surface temperature in July increased 390.

34、93 degree Celsius, compared to the20th-century average of 15.8 degrees Celsius. The Northern Hemisphere was 1.54 degrees Celsius hotter than average.The NOAA spokesperson said this new record was 40 (worry). He said, “In this case, first place is the worst place to be. The announcement from NOAA com

35、es a week after a 4,000-page report on climate change from the United Nations. It clearly 41 (state) that humans had affected the climate. It wrote, It is clear42 human influence has warned the atmosphere, ocean and land/9 43 total of 234 scientists from 66 countries worked on the report. It warns t

36、hat extreme weather 44 (continue) to get worse. It says every region will experience multiple 45(change) in weather, like sweltering heat and flooding.【答案】36. recorded 37. typically 38. itself 39. by 40. worrying41. stated 42. that 43. A 44. will continue45. changes【解析】本文是新闻报道。美国国家海洋和大气管理局的最新数据显示，20

37、21年7月成为了有史以来最热 的月份，联合国气候变化报告明确指出人类活动已经影响了气候，极端天气将继续恶化。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家刚刚宣布，7月是有记录以来最热的月份。分析句子可知，提示词record(记 录)作后置定语修饰名词the hottest month,是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the hottest month之间有被动关系， 应用过去分词，表示被动。故填recorded。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：通常，7月是一年中最热的月份，但2021年的7月超越了它自己，成为有史以来最热的7月和最热的月份。根据句意可知,提示词typical在句中修饰整个句子，作评注性状

38、语,应用副词形式typically,表示“通常”。故填typicallyo【38题详解】考查反身代词。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词具有互指关系，通常当主语与宾语是同一人或物时才使 用反身代词。根据句意“2021年的7月超越了往年的自己”可知，此处主语July发出的动作施加在自己身上， 应使用反身代词itselfo故填itselfo【39题详解】考查介词。句意：美国国家海洋和大气管理局表示，7月份地球陆地和海洋表面温度增加了 0.93摄氏度， 而20世纪的平均温度为15.8摄氏度。increase by是固定搭配,意为“增加了”，根据句意可知,7月份 地球陆地和海洋表面温度增加了 0.93摄氏

39、度。故填by。【40题详解】考查形容词。-ing形容词常修饰限定事或物，表示“令人的”，-ed形容词常修饰限定人，表示“感到 的”；分析句子可知，提示词worry在句中作表语，表示“新记录令人担忧”，应用-ing形容词worrying ,意 为“令人担心的。故填worrying。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：它清楚地指出人类已经影响了气候。分析句子可知，提示词state是主句中谓语动词， 与主语It之间是主动关系，结合宾语从句中过去完成时可推知，主句应使用一般过去时态，所以谓语动词 用过去式stated。故填stated。【42题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：很明显，人类的影响已经警告了大气

40、、海洋和陆地。“It be clear that.丁是固定句型， 表示“很明显”，其中it是形式主语，that从句是主语从句。故填that。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：总共有来自66个国家的234名科学家参与了这份报告。a total of为固定搭配，意为“总 共工故填A。【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：它警告说极端天气将继续恶化。分析句子可知，提示词continue是宾语从句中谓语 动词，与主语extreme weather之间是主动关系，句中对将来的可能发生的事情提出警告，应使用一般将来 时态。故填 will continue。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：该组织表示，每个地区都将经

41、历多种天气变化，比如酷热和洪水。根据空格前形容词 multiple(多种的)可知，可数名词change应用复数形式changes,意为“变化”。故填changes。九、浙江宁波一模(11月)第二节(共10小题：每小题1.S分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Theres no doubt that dogs are insightful and sensitive beings, with the ability to sense emotions and read humans facial expressions. The America

42、n Kennel Club (AKC) says dogs combine hearing and sight 36 (correspond) happy and angiy faces with happy and angry sounds. Researchers have found that dogs can distinguish the positive sound of laughing 37 the negative sound of crying. The dogs were found to be more upset and stimulated by the negat

43、ive sounds than positive ones. 382018 study published in Scientific Report, apeer-reviewed online journal published by Nature Research,39 (show) that dogs use the right side of theirbrain for processing negative emotions and the left side for positive ones.Speaking to Newsweek, AKCs officer. Dr. Jer

44、ry Klein, explained dogs can certainly become 40 (depress) and anxious. There have been reports of dogs 41 (experience) depression and loneliness following the42 (lose) of an owner or a fellow member“ of their pack, as well as a change from 43 (they) normal routine. “But whether dogs get sad is less

45、 certain/9 Klein told Newsweek. Klein said from a 44 (strict) scientific standpoint, there isnt strong evidence that dogs feel 45 people would classify as sadness. Dogs live more in the moment and dont have the Csclfconsciousness, to inwardly think like people do.”【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是研究人员发现，狗可以区分积极的

46、笑声和消极的哭泣声，消 极的声音比积极的声音更让狗感到沮丧和兴奋。【36题详解】words on paper.【5665题答案】【答案】56. children57. abandoned 58. with 59. his 60. to be 61. that#which62. too 63. has traveled#has travelled 64. invention 65. digitally【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 53岁 拾荒者Jose Gutierrez,在二十年来，一直将垃圾中的 书籍保留下来并提供给哥伦比亚孩子们。56 .考查名词的数。句意：小学二年级的教育并没

47、有阻止53岁的拾荒者Jose Gutierrez把阅读这份礼物带给 成千上万的哥伦比亚孩子。child为单数可数名词，根据上文的“thousands。产可知，空处需要用child的复数 形式。故填children。57 .考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，被遗弃的阅读材料慢慢堆积起来。根据下文的“reading material” 可知，空处需要用形容词修饰名词。再根据上文可知，这些书都是从垃圾中整理出来的，也就是被丢弃的。 故填 abandoned o.考查介词。句意：现在，他的小房子的一层从地板到天花板都堆满了书，大约2万本，从化学课本到经 典儿童读物。根据下文“some 20,000 b

48、ooks”可知，空处填介词，表示“有: 故填with。58 .考查代词。句意：他说，对于像他这样的低收入社区的孩子来说，书是宝贵的财富。空处指的是“他的 社区“，用名词性物主代词，表示“his neighborhood”。故填his。59 .考查非谓语动词。句意：书店的新读物太贵，而公共图书馆往往远离贫困地区。短语tend to do sth.倾向 于做某事。故填to be。60 .考查定语从句。句意：他喜欢阅读，他说这是受他母亲的影响。句中先行词为a love of reading,在定语 从句中担当宾语从句的主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。61 .考查副词0句意：即使她穷得不能供他上学，她也总是读书给他听.短语tooto do sth,太而不能做 某事。故填too。62 .考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，Gutierrez已经去过墨西哥和智利的书展，分享他创办图书馆 的经验。根据so far可知，本句时态为现在完成时，主语单数，所以用has。故填has traveled。考查非谓语动词。句意：美国养犬俱乐部(AKC)说，狗把听觉和视觉结合起来，用高兴和愤怒的声音来对应 高兴和愤怒的表情。根据语境可知，句子表示“狗把听觉和视觉结合起来，用高兴和愤怒的声音来对应高兴 和愤怒的表情”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故