2022年高考英语：二轮单项选择表语宾语考察的热点专练03 .docx

《2022年高考英语：二轮单项选择表语宾语考察的热点专练03 .docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高考英语：二轮单项选择表语宾语考察的热点专练03 .docx（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 高考英语：二轮单项挑选+表语、宾语考察的热点专练03（答案、解析）41. The workmen made so much _ that Mrs. Walker had to spend three days cleaning up afterwards. A. trouble B. damage C. mess D. nuisance 答案 C. mess. 注释 make mess 弄得乱七八糟； Make a mess of“ 把 .弄得乱七八糟”：He made a mess of his work. 他把他的工作搞得乱七八糟；42

2、. They have held several meetings to _ next years production plans. A. set down B. make out C. work up D. draw up 答案 D. draw up. 注释 参阅 III,42；此题译文：他们已开过几次会议来起草明年得生产方案；43. How can we get this language point _ to the students. A. down B. round C. across D. into 答案 C. across. 注释 参阅 III,64 注释；此题译文：我们怎样才

3、能把这个语言点向同学讲清晰？44. This book gives a brief _ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall. A. outline B. reference C. article D. outlook 答案 A. outline. 注释 outline 轮廓 , 概要 ; give an outline of sth. 概要说明某事；45. Dress warmly, _ youll catch cold. A.on the contrary B.or r

4、ather C. or else D. in no way 答案 C. or else. 注释 or else =otherwise; if not 否就： Hurry up, or else youll be late. 46. Kates ambition to become a nurse _ from a desire to help others. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - A. prompted B. promoted C. programmed D. proceeded 答案 D. pro

5、ceeded. 注释 proceed form =arise form 来自 ; 由.产生： 1 Clouds of smoke proceeded form the chimney. 从烟囱里升起缕缕浓烟； 2 This proceeded from ignorance. 这是出于无知； 留意 proceed 的其他用法：=go on to do sth.; continue 接着 做某事 ; 连续进行 ; 1 He proceeded to give me a vivid description of the mountainous scenery there. 他接着给我栩栩如生地描述那

6、里的山区景色； 2 接介词 with; Now please proceed with your story. 现在请你接着将下去； 3 接介词 to: We will now proceed to the next business. 我们现在将接着干下面的一件事； 4 预备取得某种学位 ：He will proceed to the degree of M.A. this year. 他预备今年取得文科硕士学位； 此题译文：凯特想当护士的志向出自于帮忙他人的愿望；47. The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a _

7、. A.observation B.reservation C. preservation D.conservation 答案 D. conservation. 注释 conservation 储存 自然资源等 the conservation of soil and water 水土保持 ; the law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律； observation 观看 ; reservation 旅社房间、 戏院座位等的 预定 ; 保留 看法 ; 美保留地： 1 Have you make your reservations. 你预定了没有？ 2 I wi

8、ll 3 The government accept the suggestion without reservation. 我将毫无保留地接受这项建议；has set apart Indian reservations. 政府已经划出印地安人保留地； preservation 储存 We must strive for the preservation of our natural resources. 我们必需努力爱护自然资源 conservation, preservation, reservation 从汉语概念动身时很简单混淆；Conservation 是动词 conserve 派生

9、的名词 , 与原先动词的意义相同 , 表示 保持、储存” 时 , 强调“ 珍爱、节用；Preservation 是动词 preserve 派生的名词 , 强调“ 保藏、储存” 使之完好无损或质量不变 ; 常与食品、博物馆收藏的展品等词搭配；Reservation 主要指看法、看法等的“ 保留”; 作“ 保留地” 解时 , 尤指美国印地安人保留地或澳大利亚土著民族保留地；此题指自然生态的保持 , 用 conservation 最切题；此题译文：这个珍禽巢居的岛已宣布为自然爱护区；48. Although John was the eldest in the family, he always l

10、et his sister _ charge of the house. A. take B. hold C. make D. get 答案 A. take. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 注释 take charge of =to be or become responsible for sb. or sth. 负责、掌管、看管; He took charge of the department or the children 49. The child enjoyed _ up the wooden b

11、ricks then knocking them down. A. adding B. pushing C. piling D. forming 答案 C. piling. 注释 pile up =lay in a pile or as if in a pile 把.放成一堆 , 积累：pile up the books on the table 把书堆在桌子上 ；Pile up 作不及物动词用, 意为“ 积压 ; 如干汽车 相撞” ：1 Perishable goods are piling up at the docks. 码头上易腐烂的货物积累如山； 2 Several cars pil

12、ed up after ignoring the fog warning on the motorway. 由于无视高速大路上的大雾警告, 有好几辆汽车相撞； 50. John was very upset because he was _ by the police with breaking the law. A. accused B. arrested C. sentenced D.charged 答案 D. charged. 注释 be charged with 受指控犯有 .; He was charged with murder. 他受指控犯有凶杀罪； 51.It isnt qui

13、te _ that he will be present at the meeting. A. sure B. right C. exact D. certain 答案 D. certain. 注释 I am sure that + 从句； He is sure to come. = He is certain to come. 但在 it 作形式主语 , that引导主语从句时, 主句中表语只能用certain, 不能用 sure. 52. Many new _ will be opened up in the future for those with a university educa

14、tion. A. opportunities B.realities C.necessities D. probabilities 答案 A. opportunities. 注释 opportunity常指“难得的应抓住的 机会”, 既可作可数名词, 也可以作不行数名词用 , 如： I had few opportunities of meeting interesting people there. They had not much opportunity for hearing good music in the remote area. 53. The members of the c

15、lub wouldnt run a _ in entrusting（托付）the organization to an unreliable person. A. danger B. risk C. hazard D. chance 答案 B. risk. 注释 run a risk in 冒险： You are running a big risk in trusting him. 此题译文：俱乐部成员不愿冒险把这个组织托付给一个不行靠的人治理；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 54. The meeting

16、 was _ when the chairman fell ill. A.put down B.shut out C.cut short D.taken off 答案 C. cut short. 注释 cut short =interrupt 打断 , 中断： 1 He made a suggestion, but I cut him short. 他提了个建议 , 但我打断了他； 2 He cut short his tour and returned home. 他中断旅行 , 回家了； shut off =cut off, interrupt 切断 , 中断 ; 由指切断供应等, 如：

17、The water was shut off for several hours while the plumber repaired the pipes. Shut out =keep out; exclude; prevent form entering 把.关在外面 , 排除 , 不让入内： 1 He shut the cat out. 他把猫关在外面； 2 The law was designed to shut out immigrants. 这项法律旨在拒绝移民入竟； 3 They shut out the dust by having double windows. 他们用双层窗

18、户防尘； 4 They begin to speak French, shutting out the boy from their conversation. 他们讲起法语来 , 使这个男孩无法参与他们的谈话； 55. John says that his present job does not provide him with enough _ for his organizing ability. A. scope B. space C. capacity D. range 答案 A. scope. 注释 此题中 scope =opportunity; outlet 施展机会 , 进展

19、余地 , 是不行数名词 , 如： Give someone scope to show his ability. Range 意指“ 变动范畴 ; 视听范畴 ; 懂得范畴”, 如：the range of prices 价格变动范畴 . 56. I just managed to _ a quick breath before I was sucked under the water by the passing boat. A. snatch B. scratch C. scrape D. scan 答案 A. snatch. 注释 snatch 的原义是“ 攫取 ; 抓住 ; 夺得” ；此

20、题中 snatch 意指“ 匆忙间设法得到”, 如：He snatched an hour of sleep. 他匆忙睡了一小时觉； snatch a quick breath 匆忙猛吸了一口气 ；57. My brother likes eating very much but he isnt very _ about the food he eats. A. special B. peculiar C. particular D. unusual 答案 C. particular. 注释 be particular about 对 .讲究 , 挑剔 ; She is very partic

21、ular about what she wears. 她对她得穿着很讲究； Mr. Smith was quite particular about my work. 史密斯先生对工作非常挑剔； 58. I dont think the charge for overhauling （大修） the equipment is excessive in _ to its size. _精品资料_ A.correspondence B.equation C.proportion D. dimension 第 4 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - -

22、 - - 答案 C. proportion. 注释 in proportion to 是固定搭配 , 意为“ 与 .成比例 , 与 .相称” ；反义语：out of proportion不成比例 ,不相称；此题称；此题译文：我认为该设备的大修费并不过分 , 是与它的大小相称的；59. Voices were _ as the argument between the two motorists became more bad-tempered. A. swollen B. raised C. developed D. increased 答案 B. raised. 注释 raise =lift

23、 up ones voice 提高嗓门 , 高声叫喊； Raise ones voice against sth. 意为“ 为抗议某事而大声疾呼”, 如：As no one raised his voice against the plan, it was agreed on. 由于没有人发表反对看法 , 该方案就一样通过了； voice 的常用习语有：the public voice 舆论 , under ones voice 小声地 , with one voice 异口同声地 ,一样地 ,lose ones voice 嗓子哑了 , 说不出话来 , have no voice with

24、对某事无发言权 ；60. Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr. Johnson no longer felt _ among the local people. A. out of order B. out of place C. out of control D. out of the question 答案 B. out of place. 注释 out of place =in the wrong place or at the wrong time; not suitable; improper 作表语用 不相宜 , 不

25、得体： 1 Joan was the only girl who wore a formal at the party, and she felt out of place. =She felt embarrassed because her dress was not suitable for the party. 2 It was out of place for Russell to laugh at the old lady. =It was not proper; she should not have done it. 此外 ,out of place =not in the ri

26、ght usual place or position 作状语用 不在原先通常的地方：Helen fell and knocked one of her teeth out of place. Out of order 发生故障 ; 失调； Out of control 失去掌握；Out of the question 不行能的；*终止终止*一、表语的考查表语的功能是表述主语的特点、状态、身份等；它也可以说是一种主语补足语；它位于连系_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 动词之后,与之构成所谓的系表结构；在系表结构

27、中,连系动词只是形式上的谓语,而真正起谓语作用的是表语；可以用作表语的出名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等；高考对表语的考查多集中在以下几个方面：（一）考查作表语的介词短语中介词的固定搭配【考例】 This new model of car is so expensive that it is _the reach of those with average incomes. A. over B. within C. beyond D. below 【解析】beyond the reach 是固定搭配,意思是“超出 的范畴或才能 ”；答案为 C；（二）考查不

28、同的系动词及其用法【考例】 Look at the pride on Toms face. He _to hav e been praised by the manager just now.（2022 重庆卷 , 31）A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming 【解析】句意为“看 Tom 脸上自豪的表情,他好像刚才受到了经理的夸奖；” look at 祈使句交代了时间是现在,seem 表心理判定,没有进行时态,应选 B；答案为 B；【考例】 Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _

29、 _before the party. 04 全国 A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. getting change 【解析】 get+过去分词；此句为“ get ”型被动 ,get 为系动词, get changed 的含义为 “换衣服 ”；同样的情形仍有：get dressed, get killed, get burned 等；答案为A；【考例】 Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.（09 四川）A.

30、seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat 【解析】remain 后可接 adj, v-ing, v-ed 和 to be done 等多种形式做表语 , 在该题中可以把seated 视为一个形容词 , 所以正确答案为 A；答案为 A；（三）考查非谓语动词作表语时的区分及其形式变化1不定式作表语1 不定式作表语一般表示详细动作,特殊是表示将来的动作；【考例】 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. _精品资料_ A. not make B. not t

31、o make C. not making D. do not make 第 6 页,共 10 页【解析】此题考查不定式作表语；假如将本句补充完整可得知答案The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, but it is not to make life more difficult. 答案为 B；- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2 假如主语是不定式（表示条件）,表语也是不定式（表示结果）；如：To work means to earn a living 工作就是为了生活；3假如主语

32、是以 aim,duty ,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem ,purpose ,thing ,wish 等为中心的名词, 或以 what 引导的名词性从句, 不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用；如：His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future 他的期望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车；2动名词作表语：动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为；如：Our work is serving the people 我们的工作是为人民服务；留意： 动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同,但其所属结构迥异,

33、进行时态说明动作是由主语执行的；动名词做表语,说明主语的性质或情形；如：His hobby is collecting stamps 他的爱好是集邮； （动名词）Mary and her classmates are cleaning the classroom. （进行时）3分词作表语分词做表语有两种情形,一种是现在分词做表语,一种是过去分词做表语,这两者区分是高考中常常考到的地方；一般来说, 表示心理状态的动词如 excite,interest 等都是及物动词,汉语意思不是 “ 兴奋 ” ,“兴奋 ” ,而是 “ 使兴奋 ”、“ 使兴奋 ” ,因而现在分词应当是“令人兴奋的 ” 、“令人兴

34、奋的 ” ,过去分词就是“ 感到兴奋的 ” 和“ 感到兴奋的 ” ；所以,凡表示“令人 的”都是 -ing形式,凡是表示“感到 ”都用 -ed 形式；【考例】Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant；pleased B. pleased；pleased C. pleasant； pleasant D. pleased； pleasant 【解析】 D .第一空应填 pleased ,表示“ 中意的” 心情；其次空应填 ple

35、asant ,意思是“ 令人开心的” ；_精品资料_ （四）考查表语从句引导词的挑选第 7 页,共 10 页【考例】 I d like t o start my own business that s _ I d do if I had the money 2022 陕西卷15. A. why B. when C. which D. what 【解析】答案为D；考查名词性从句中的表语从句；后面从句不完整,do 后面缺少宾语,所以要填连接代词what ；【考例】 I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never f

36、inishes anything.（2022 山东卷26）- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - A. that B. when C. where D. why 【解析】答案为 D；句义；考查表语从句；我唯恐他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家,那就是他一事无成的缘由；本文 意用 “ why”引导；“ which is. 引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句依据句（五） “ That is why. 句型与 “ That is because. 句型”（1）“ That is why. 与“ That is the reason why. 同义,只不过

37、从语法结构上讲,“ That is the reason why. 中 why 引导的是 个定语从句,将其中的 the reason 去掉就与 “That is why. 结构一样,例如：That is the reason why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由；2 “That is because. 句型中从属连词 because 引导的名词性从句在此作表语,这也是个常用句型,意为 “这就是为什么 /由于 ”；“ That is because. 与“ That is why. 之间的不同在于“That is because. 指缘由或理由,“That is why

38、. 就指由于各种缘由所造成的后果,例如：He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是由于他得帮忙他的妹妹做作业；第一句话说明结果,其次句话说明缘由 He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看过那部电影,因此他昨天晚上没有去看；第一句话说明缘由,其次句话说明结果 * 终止二、宾语的考查纵观近几年高考试

39、题,对宾语的考查主要表达在以下几个方面：（一）考查非谓语动词（短语）作宾语1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语,如：want ,wish,hope ,manage,demand,promise ,refuse,pretend ,plan,offer ,decide,agree,expect, decide, determine, intend, manage, fail, expect, long, threaten, tend, desire 等；【考例】 David threatened _his neighbour to the police if the damages were not

40、paid. 09 上 海 _精品资料_ A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported 第 8 页,共 10 页【解析】戴维威逼说, 他邻居假如不赔偿缺失, 他就要报案； Threaten 后可接不定式 , 不接动- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 名词 , 而且 report 和 David 是主动关系；答案为 C；留意 ：动词 know, show, teach 等常带疑问词加 to do 作宾语；【考例】 Twenty students want to attend

41、the class that aims to teach _to read fast.（2022 辽宁卷 ,23）A. what B. who C. how D. why 【解析】句意为“ 有二十名同学想听旨在提高阅读速度的课程；fast 等同于名词,作teach 的宾语；答案为C；” fast 提示了方式, how + to read 2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语,如：admit , appreciate ,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape, excuse,finish,forgive ,imagine, prevent,stand ,a

42、llow ,advise,permit ,forbid ,keep,mind ,miss,practise,resist,risk,suggest,deny 等；【考例】 Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. （09 上海）A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold 【解析】比尔建议开会就假期为上海世博会做些什么进行争论；D；依据句意 , 会议仍未开 , 因此排除 A；答案为 C；suggest 后接动名词 , 排除 B

43、、留意 ：但假如在 allow , advise, permit, forbid 后提到有关的人,就只能用不定式作宾补；在动词 want, need, require, demand 等词后加动名词作宾语时表示被动意义,相当于 to be done ；【考例】 Can I smoke here. 07 江苏 Sorry. We dont allow _ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking 【解析】动词 allow 后接动词作宾语时 , 习惯上只能是动名词 , 不能是不定式 ; 但如其后接有sb, 就 sb, 就后要接不定式 , 不接动名词；也就是说它的两个常用句型是：allow doing sth 和allow sb to do sth ；答案为 D；3. 有些动词后既可以跟不定