2022届新高考英语语法微专题培优复习情态动词和havedone知识点总结与练习讲义（含解析）.docx

《2022届新高考英语语法微专题培优复习情态动词和havedone知识点总结与练习讲义（含解析）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022届新高考英语语法微专题培优复习情态动词和havedone知识点总结与练习讲义（含解析）.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2021届新高考英语语法微专题培优复习情态动词与have done知识点总结与练习(含解析)情态动词在高考题中的考察非常直接，主要考察以下两方面：1、情态动词的本义2、情态动词与have done咱们今天先把简单的解决了，就是情态动词与have doneo这东西在 考试里就俩方向，一个表示对过去的推测，一个表示对过去的虚拟。注 意,只要情态动词加了 have done , 一定表示过去的事。1、表示对过去情况的推测must have done / cant have donecould have done / couldnt have donemight (may) have done / m

2、ight (may) not have done三者的语气按照must could might的顺序依次递减，表示对 于推测准确性的把握在逐步降低。当然，在题目当中我们并不需要掌握三 种语气的差异，只要观察题目中有没有出现推测的证据，或者证据是否确 凿，即可作出语气强或弱的判断。有证据，就强；没证据，就弱。2、表示对过去情况的虚拟should have done本应该责备语气shouldnt have done本不应该责备语气could have done本可能遗憾/惋惜语气couldnt have done本不可能 意外/惊喜语气neednt have done本不必 多余/不必要语气表示虚

3、拟时，句中一定可以加入本来”这样的口吻。请注意，每 种虚拟都有自己的使用场合，进而传达出在该场合下需要体现的语气和态 度。把两方面合并在一起，我们就会发现，情态动词+ have done的结 构，其实可以这样来方便记忆：must / might (may)推测+could推测/虚拟4-should / need 虚拟must和might肯定是推测，should和need肯定是虚拟，只有 could 一个同时身兼两种功能，所以遇到的时候要注意判断。当然，还有另外需要注意直接排除的：mustnt / can / need这三种形式，后面不与have done 一起使 用。练习在看题之前，重新强调一

4、下：情态动词+ have done表示过去推测用 must / might ;虚拟用 should / need ;二者皆可的只有could ;mustnt / can / need 和 have done 不一起用。另外，句意是推测还是虚拟必须得自己能看出来，这是硬性要求。在 现在的语法填空里，不会让各位去填情态动词,所以以下的题目并不需要 各位去自测，而是需要各位能够结合题目选择检验自己对句子的正确理 解。简而言之,能看懂句子意思和情态动词+ have done的意思即可。He has no idea what the book is about. He have read it very

5、 carefully.A. needntB. shouldntC. cantD. mustnt推测，他肯定没仔细读。Should和need表虚拟排除，没有 mustnt have doneo-I heard the phone ringing in the office next door.-Youit. They havent got a phone yet.A. couldnt hearB. couldnt have heardC. didnt hearD. wouldnt have heard推测，你不可能听见。AC无推测意味排除，D选项属于条件句虚拟 用法。Listen, Mike.

6、She have done it. Shes been with me atthe shop all day.A. couldntB. shouldntC. needntD. wouldnt推测，不可能是她做的。BC表虚拟排除，D选项属于条件句虚拟用 法。-I had thought he would be nervous in this speech competition, but he turned out to be calm.-He quite enough preparation for it.A. should doB. must doC. should have doneD.

7、must have done推测，他肯定做了很多准备。C选项虚拟排除，注意AB两个选项说 的都是现在的事，与题目过去无关。You look so tired. You have stayed up late again.A. shouldB. canC. mayD. must推测，你肯定又熬夜了。A虚拟排除，没有can have done ,这里有 证据你看上去很累，排除语气弱的may。-Sunny had to give a speech in front of 500 people yesterday.-Whew! Thats a big audience. She have been n

8、ervous.A. mustB. wouldC. mightD. could推测，她一定很紧张。B用于条件句虚拟，这里有证据“很多观众， 所以AC D选择语气最强的。-There arent any toys in our suitcase. Where have you put them?-Oh, no. That old lady sitting next to ushave takenours by mistake.A. mustB. couldC. shouldD. would推测，c虚拟，D条件句虚拟，句中无不确定因素，语气坚定，在B 和D之间选择语气强的。-Oh, my God!

9、We just missed the last bus back home.-Im sure we it, but you were not in any hurry.A. could catchB. had caughtC. would catchD. could have caught虚拟，我们本来能赶上。只有D选项有虚拟作用。Thank you, Jack. Without your constant support Ithosehard times.A. couldnt have pulled throughB. couldnt pull throughC. cant have pul

10、led throughD. cant pull through虚拟，我本来不可能扛过那段艰难的时日。注意Without的虚拟标 土 心。-I regret to say that Ihave shouted at you the otherday.-Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldntB. mustntC. couldntD. mightnt虚拟，我本来不应该朝你嚷嚷。BD推测排除，C本不可能意思不正 确。You have broken your promise; you painting the house long

11、 ago.A. could have finishedB. had better finishC. must have finishedD. should have finished虚拟，你好久以前就应该刷完房子。C推测排除，A本可能与前面的 违背承诺不相关，句中应该是责备语气。B选项had better do最好做 某事是表建议的。You have a big mouth, Tom. You have told everybodythe secret.A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. mightnt虚拟，你本不应该告诉别人。ABD全都表推测。- When I fir

12、st got to Harvard University, my awkward English brought me great trouble.-Oh, dear, it a struggle for you to keep up with other students.A. might beB. can beC. could have beenD. must have been推测，你跟上其他同学肯定很费劲。有确定依据选择语气强的，排除 co AB均描述现在。But for the pouring rain, wea pleasant journey lastweekend.A. sho

13、uld haveB. would haveC. must have hadD. could have had虚拟，我们本来上周可以玩的很开心。注意but for的虚拟标志，表 示要不是因为。C表示推测排除，AB均描述现在。Without joint efforts of all the members, we our task insuch a short time.A. shouldnt accomplishB. shouldnt have accomplishedC. couldnt accomplishD. couldnt have accomplished虚拟，我们本来不可能在这么短时

14、间完成。AC没有虚拟意味，B选 项本不应该表示责备。注意without虚拟标志。-I had a very boring weekend at home.-Why did you stay at home? You with us.A. might hikeB. could have hikedC. should hikeD. must have hiked虚拟，你本来可以和我们去远足的。AC描述现在，D表示推测。What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he better.A. could have doneB. must ha

15、ve doneC. couldnt have doneD. neednt have done虚拟，他本来可以做的更好。B表示推测，D表示本不必与句义不 符，c本不可能与句义不符。It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but youit.A. neednt doB. shouldnt doC. mustnt have doneD. didnt have to do虚拟，你本来不用做的。C表示推测排除，B描述现在的建议排除。 A选项很容易误选，但是A描述的是现在的不需要，没有虚拟意味。 didnt have to do的意思就是本不是必须做，也就是neednt have done本不必的意思。以上的题目如果能够明白，情态动词和have done的用法就算是基 本掌握了，句意的理解是最关键的。明天开始讲情态动词的本义，那个时 候句意的理解就更加重要了。