20212022学年上海大学附属中学高二上学期10月考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2021-2022学年上海大学附属中学高二上学期10月考试英语试题IL Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blank

2、s, use one word that best fits each blank.Craftsmen enjoy their brush with successNANCHANG 一 Zhou Pengcheng, 76, has dedicated his life the centuries-old intangible cultural heritage of making writing brushes.Zhou, who hails from Wengang township in East Chinas Jiangxi province, has been engaged in

3、this ancient handicraft for more than six decades.Wengang*s long-standing tryst with brush pens dates back to 1979. Over the decades, the town has grown into one of the countrys biggest brush-pen markets, 2 (attract) tens of thousands of buyers from across China.In Chinese culture, writing brushes 3

4、 (count) among the four treasures of study*, and Wengang is known as the hometown of Chinas writing brush.More than 400 brush-making enterprises and over 2,200 brush workshops are located in4 township. And almost every family in the town makes 5 living through the brush manufacturing industry.Zhou 6

5、 (work) in the sector since he was 8 years old. HIn the 1970s, writing brushes made in Jiangxi were not so well recognized by people in China and the rest of the world,7 spurred me on to improve and adjust brush-making techniques according to the needs of customers,1 says Zhou, adding that he finall

6、y succeeded after about eight years of hard work.The craft of making writing brushes in Wengang involves 128 steps. The local brushes have proved popular in overseas markets, such as Asia, Europe, and the United States, and particularly in Japan and the Republic of Korea.nI found calligraphy 8 (fasc

7、inate), especially the power and visual impact of Chinese calligraphy,t says Alister Inglis, professor of Chinese language and literature at Simmons University. The foreign teacher takes an interest in 9 the shape, length and bristles of the brush reflect the type of written characters.In June, Weng

8、angs brush-making skills were listed as a national intangible cultural heritage, says Wu Shaoyun, Party chief of the town.Since the beginning of this year, we have mainly focused on how 10(transform)the brush-making industry into a cultural industry. We have been working hard to improve the techniqu

9、es and further inherit this craft/ says Wu.Currently, the town is eyeing a new boom in the digital era. It has launched tailored services to better meet customer needs in areas of culture, tourism and e-commeice.【答案】I. to2. attractingmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to t

10、he information given in the passage you have just read.ATwo hours from the tall buildings of Philadelphia live some of the worlds largest bears. They are in northern Pennsylvanias Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance （丰富） of other wildlife.The streams, lakes, grasslands, mountain an

11、d forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Pocono natural beauty from irresponsible development, th

12、e Nature Conservancy named the area one of Americas Last Great Places,.Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Bud Cook, the president of the Conservancy, is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By fo

13、rming partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.Altemoses family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two year ago, Francis worked with the local branch of the Nature Conserv

14、ancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his familys land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.Cook attributes the Conservancys success in the Poconos to havin

15、a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents.The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community, Cook said. nThe people who live here respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with con

16、servation efforts.1For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the worlds other Last Great Places, please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at.36. We learn from the passage that.A. the tourist industry is growing fast and has great infl

17、uence on the Pocono areawildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidlyB. the security of the Pocono residents is being threatenedfarmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast37. What does Bud Cook mean by having a local presence in Paragraph 5?A. Financial contributions from local business leade

18、rs.B. Consideration of the interests of the local residents.C. The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area.D. The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area.38. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?A. The setting up of an environ

19、mental protection website.B. Support from organizations like the Nature Conservancy.C. Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders.D. Inclusion of farmlands in the regions protection program.【答案】36 A 37. D 38. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护协会主席巴德库克通过与当地民众和商界领 袖合作，在波科诺斯建立了一个自然保护区，对区内的动物、植物以及

20、良好的环境进行保护。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The streams, lakes, grasslands, mountain and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region.（溪流、湖 泊、草原、山脉和森林使波科诺斯成为黑熊理想的栖息地，也吸引了更多的人来到该地区。） 以及第二段 uOpen spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and imp

21、ortant habitats are endangered by highway construction.v （开放空间受到住宅区规划的威胁，重要栖息地受到公 路建设的威胁。）说明旅游业开展迅速，对波科诺斯地区影响巨大。应选A项。【37题详解】词句猜想题。根据倒数第三段划线词语后文“working with local residents”（与当地居民合 作）可知，having a local presence指倒数第四段 “Two year ago, Francis worked with the local branch of the Nature Conservancy to inc

22、lude his farm in a county farmland protection program.v（两年前，弗朗西斯和当地自然保护协会合作，将他的农场纳入县农田保护计划。），即：巴 德库克在波科诺地区建立当地自然保护部门。应选D项。【38题详解】推理判断题 o 根据第三段Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Bud Cook, the president of the Conservancy, is working with local people and business

23、leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection.（保护协会主席巴德库克在龙塘村 一所有百年历史的校舍里工作，正在与当地民众和商界领袖合作，以平衡经济增长与环境保 护之间的关系。）以及倒数第二段 “The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community v （保护这些非凡土地的关键是与当地社区建立联系）说明库克表 示，与当地居民和商界领袖的合作对于保护波科诺斯非常重要。应选C项。DONALD SLOANG

24、ates HallAfter May 2009:University of Kansas46 Clayton DriveLawrence, KS 66045St. Louis, MO 63130Interests913-243-1682314-726-8840ObjectiveTo work with（委托人）population in a social service position.B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009EducationMajor: Social ServicesMinor: Applied PsychologyAs

25、sistant Activities Supervisor,Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present. Help organize and implement recreational activities for nursing home residents. Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers.Hotline Volunteer. Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence

26、, KS, September 2006- MayExperience2007. Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community. Dealt with drug use, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teen relationships.Nurses 4ide,Danyers General Hospital, St. Louis, MO, Summer 2006. Assisted nurses in patient care.

27、Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery.University Concert Board. Work with other board members to plan and implement on-campus concerts.Senior Gift Campaign. Help manage the campaign to raise funds for the senior classActivitiesgift to the university.Residence Hall P

28、rogramming Board. Planned social events for Eggar ResidenceHall.SkillsFluent in French. Water safety instructor. Skilled at working with people.Skiing, softball, classical music, and guitar.39. This passage is most probably.A. an advertisement for enrolling new employeesa school report at the end of

29、 an academic year C. a self-introduction meant to apply for a job D. a part of a recommendation letter from a university40. According to the “Experience“ section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be.A. a wise leaderB.a skillful performerC. a gifted scientistD.a good social worker41 From the passag

30、e we can learn that Donald Sloan.A. is good at singing and dancingB.is about to graduate from a universityC. has an interest in beingasurgeonD.specializes in psychology【答案】39.C40. D 41. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了 DONALD SLOAN的准备申请工作的自我介绍。 【39题详解】推理判断题。通读全文尤其是“Objective、Education Experience ActivitiesSki

31、lls Interests 结合生活经验可推断出，本文是准备申请工作的自我介绍。应选C项。【40题详解】推理判断题，根据“Assistant Activities Supervisor, Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present .Hotline Volunteer. Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006- May 2007. Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community.Nurses Aide, D

32、anyers General Hospital, St. Louis, MO, Summer 2006. Assisted nurses in patient care. Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery可知，DONALD SLOAN 做过助理活动主管, 热线志愿者，护士助理。由此推断出Donald Sloan是一位经历丰富的社会工作者。应选D 项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据 Education “B.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS,

33、2009 Major: Social Services Minor: Applied Psychology”及After May 2009:“可知，堪萨斯州劳伦斯市堪萨斯大学 文学学士，2009年。专业:社会服务。辅修:应用心理学。2009年5月之后毕业。所以Donald Sloan是一位将要毕业的大学生。应选B项。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only o

34、nce. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.As we age, our ability to think and remember stars to deteriorate. It is normal for old age to be associated with gradual decline in memory and brain mass. 42 Some of us have brains that age more slowly. Super-agers are people over the age of

35、 80 who have the brain structures and abilities of much younger people. Eighty-seven-year-old Bill Gurolnick is such a super-ager.Scientists know that parts of the brain decrease in size with age. But in super-agers that process is much slower. Emily Rogalski is a neuro-scientist at Northwestern Uni

36、versitys Feinberg School of Medicine, in Chicago, Illinois. In a recent study, she showed that super-agers have young brains. The area of the brain responsible for attention and memory - the cortex （月肉皮层）was shown to be thicker in super-agers.When we look at the cortex of their brain, we see that, o

37、n average, it looks more like a 50-year-old brain than it looks like an average 80-year-old brain.143 These large brain cells appear to be involved with social-emotionalcommunication. But their exact purpose is still a mystery. Scientists writing for Smithsonian magazine also call them spindle neuro

38、ns （纺锤体神经元），and say they are nbrain cells for socializing/1Several factors affect how our brains age. Scientists say super-agers have several things in common, including an active lifestyle. Many travel and play sports. They are often big readers.44.Super-agers also seem to have certain common perso

39、nality traits. Rogalski says they are, for the most part, known for their optimism, resilience and perseverance. Growing old, she adds, does not have to be depressing and sad. Perhaps, if we expected a bit better from ourselves, then we would understand that not all aging is doom and gloom.45 That t

40、hey are special and few. She says she wants to find out the reasons Gurolnick!s mind is working so well and not aging as quickly as most.Gurolnick*s own father was diagnosed with Alzheimefs in his fifties Solving this mystery, Rogalski says, may help those who suffer from brain diseases such as Alzh

41、eimers.nWe think if we can understand the factors contributing to super-aging, it may offer new hypotheses and new ways to explore the challenges in Alzheimers disease.A Nowadays scientists are peeking into the brains of these super-agers” to uncover their secret.B. As lead investigator of the study

42、, Rogalaski jokingly said that super-agers do not grow on trees.C. And they usually have healthy relationships and spend time with friends.D. Not only do super-agers have thicker cor-texes, they have more von Economo neurons.E. However, there are reports of individuals who seem immune to age-related

43、 memory impairment.F. Its pretty extraordinary for people in their 80s and 90s to keep the same sharp memory as someone several decades younger.【答案】42. E 43. D 44. C 45. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了 80岁以上的超级老人，他们的大脑结构和能 力与年轻人相当，记忆力、注意力比拟好，文章探究了超级老人大脑不会那么快衰老的几个 原因。【42题详解】结合上文 “It is normal for old age t

44、o be associated with gradual decline in memory and brain mass. （老年人的记忆力和大脑质量逐渐下降是正常的）”和下文u Some of us have brains that age more slowly.（我们中有些人的大脑衰老得更慢）”可知，设空处应该和上文内容构成转折 关系，和下文构成承接关系，引出有些人“不同寻常，E However, there are reports of individuals who seem immune to age-related memory impairment.（然而， 有报道称， 些人

45、 似乎对与年龄相关的记忆障碍免疫）”符合语境。应选E。【43题详解】上文 “When we look at the cortex of their brain, we see that, on average, it looks more like a 50-year-old brain than it looks like an average 80-year-old brain.（当我们观察他们的大脑皮层时， 我们发现，平均而言，它看起来更像一个50岁的大脑，而不是一个80岁的大脑）”说明超 级老人有和更年轻的人们一样的大脑，结合下文“These large brain cells app

46、ear to be involved with social-emotional communication.（这些大的脑细胞似乎与社会情感交流有关）”可知， D 项 “ Not only do super-agers have thicker cor-texes, they have more von Economo neurons.（超 级老年人不仅有更厚的皮层，还有更多的经济神经元）”符合语境。应选D。【44题详解】上文 u Scientists say super-agers have several things in common, including an active life

47、style. Many travel and play sports. They are often big readers.（科学家说，超级老年人有几个共同点， 包括积极的生活方式。许多人旅行和运动。他们往往是大读者）”说明“他们通常拥有健康 的人际关系，并与朋友共度时光”，符合C项内容。应选C。【45题详解】下文 u That they are special and few. She says she wants to find out the reasons Gurolnicks mind is working so well and not aging as quickly as m

48、ost.（他们很特别，而且很少。她说，她想找出 古洛尼克的大脑工作得这么好,没有像大多数人那样迅速衰老的原因）”说明超级老人很少， 但还是有的。B 项 “As lead investigator of the study, Rogalaski jokingly said that super-agers do not grow on trees.（作为这项研究的首席研究员，罗格拉斯基开玩笑地说，超级老人不会在 树上生长）”符合语境。应选B。IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, usi

49、ng the words given in the brackets.46 .那头驴低头急冲，想把我摔下去，让我在朋友面前尴尬极了。（embarrass）（汉译英）【答案The donkey rushed forward with its head held low to fling me, embarrassing me in front of my friends.【解析】【详解】考查动词、短语和非谓语动词。表示“急冲”可用rush forward;表示“低头”短 语可使用惯用表达with ones head held low;表示“把我摔下去”短语可使用fling me,在该 句中可使用动词不定式表目的；表示“在.面