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1、语法填空之不给提示词-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳 与变式演练（全国通用）目录一、热点题型归纳【题型一】定语从句【题型二】冠词【题型三】介词【题型四】连词【题型五】代词二、最新模考题组练【题型一】定语从句【典例分析】【2020年高考全国I卷】Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spotj 63 it could send signals to the

2、spacecraft and to Earth.【答案】63. where【解析】考察关系副词。先行词是spot,表示地点，用where来引导。【2018年浙江高考英语卷】Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how【提分秘籍】 如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属 连词。并列连词：包括表转折but, while, however, or, otherwise；并列and；因果because

3、, so等连词。从属连词：包括 that, who, which, where, when, as 等。1）根据强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填it还是that。2）如果句子结构完整，空格后是谓语动词且谓语动词原形，而且上下文时态和谓语形式不是很一致时，则 考虑以下两种情况：（1）填表示强调的助动词（2）以。nly+状语（从句）位于句首,句子要部分倒装句，即把be动词、助动词提到主语的前面。【变式演练】【2019年高考全国I卷】there is evidence 61 |they range all the way across the

4、 Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】61.that【解析】考查连词that在名词性从句中的使用。That在这里引导的是同位语从句。【2019年高考全国H卷】I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”【答案】67. but【67题】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是 因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是而是”之意，故填but。【2019年高考全国III卷】On our way to the house

5、, it was raining 61 Ihard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】61. so【解析】考查连词so.that.句型。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能 不想还要多久才能到达那里。sothat.”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。2021年浙江高考卷英语】Although Mary loved flowers, 42 she nor her husband w

6、as known as a gardener.44 Lincolnsenlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.【答案】42. neither【解析】考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构neithernor意为“既不也不故填neither。【题型四】代词【典例分析】2021年全国高考乙卷】Ecotourism has 63 (it)|origin with the environmental move

7、ment of the 1970s.【答案】63. its【解析】考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此 处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词。rigin。故填its。【2018年浙江高考英语卷】Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap58 can be to eat out.【答案】58. it【解析】考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be cheap to e

8、at out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，用it是形式主语。故填ito【提分秘籍】代词的种类繁多，包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词等，其中近年来对代词 it在句中指代事物，作形式主语或形式宾语的用法较常见。如果句子缺少主语或宾语，那一定是填名词或代 词，名词一般都是词性变换，所以没给出提示词的，一般都是填代词。【变式演练】【2018课标全国卷I】If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhap

9、swe should all give 10 a try.【答案】10. it/running【解析】这里考察代词。空格处的意思是指给跑步一次尝试的机会。原文上面已经提到过跑步的字眼，所 以用it代替。【2017课标全国卷n】However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.【答案】7.it 【解析】这里考察代词。上文提到铁路的字眼，下文指的是每天人们使用铁路的交通工具。W徽新犊考敦俎秣浙江

10、省2021届高考模拟试题（一）英语试题阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。MEXICO CITY(Alliance News)一The 7.2 magnitude earthquake that shook Mexico on Tuesday36 (kill)207 people so far, according to the Civil Protection Agency .On Twitter , the National Coordinator Luis Felipe Puente, reported that there were 8637 (de

11、ad) inMexico City,43 in Pueble and 12 in Mexico state. Puente also warned that 38 is possible that there are still more landslides and building collapses.Local authorities initially reported two earthquakes also happened at the same time, 39 later Mexicos National Seismological Service reported that

12、 there was only one 7. 2 magnitude quake. The epicenter (震中)40 (locate) 12 kilometers southeast of Axochiapan, in Morelos state.The most nervous situation 41 the moment is the ongoing rescue in a collapsed school in Mexico City, 42 authorities report 26 children who died. The governor of the capital

13、 commanded the state of emergency in the city.Mexico President Enrique Pena made 43 plan to coordinate federal rescue and human efforts in emergency cases.“The 44 (important) task right now is to continue the rescue of those still 45 (trap) and to provide medical care to the wounded J said the presi

14、dent.【答案】36. has killed 37. deaths 38. it 39. but 40. was located41. at 42. where 43. a 44. most important 45. trapped【解析】【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：墨西哥城联盟新闻一据民防机构报道，周二发生在墨西哥的7.2级地震迄今为止已 经造成207人死亡。根据后文“so far”可知应用现在完成时,主语为The 7.2 magnitude earthquake,助动词 用 haso 故填 has killedo【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：国家协调员Luis Felipe

15、Puente在推特上报告说，墨西哥城有86人死亡，普布尔43 人,墨西哥州12人。death表示“死亡人数”时为可数名词，由86修饰应用复数。故填deaths。【38题详解】考查it用法。句意：Puente还警告说，可能还有更多的山体滑坡和建筑物倒塌。此处为“it be adj that” 句型，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故填it。【39题详解】考查连词。句意：地方当局最初报告了两场地震同时发生，但后来墨西哥国家地震局报告只有一次7.2级地 震。根据前后文语境，可知为转折关系，应用but。故填but。【40题详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：震中位于Axochiapan东南12公里

16、处的Morelos州。结合句意表示“位于”可 知短语为be located,且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语为epicenter,谓语动词用单数。故填 was located o41题详解】考查介词。句意：目前最紧张的情况是墨西哥城一所倒塌学校的救援工作，当局报告称那里有26名儿童死 亡。结合句意表示“目前”可知短语为at the moment。故填at。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：目前最紧张的情况是墨西哥城一所倒塌学校的救援工作，当局报告称那里有26名儿 童死亡。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a collapsed school,先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系 副词whe

17、re引导。故填whereo43题详解】考查冠词。句意：墨西哥总统Enrique Pena制定了一项计划，在紧急情况下协调联邦救援和人类努力。plan 为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且plan是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【44题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：总统说：“现在最重要的任务是继续营救那些仍然被困的人，并为伤者提供医疗 护理。”根据上文定冠词the,以及句意“最重要的”可知应填形容词最高级most importanto故填most important o45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统说：“现在最重要的任务是继续营救那些仍然被困的人，并为伤者提供医疗护 理。”

18、分析句子结构可知trap在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语those构成被动关系，故应用过去分 词作定语。故填trappedo浙江省2021届高考模拟试题(二)英语试题阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Central Asia, West Asia, Africa, and the European continent. It appeared as early as the second century and

19、 36 (travel) mainly by silk merchants. The Silk Road began in Changan (present-day Xian), 37 (pass) through Gansu and Xinjiang to Central Asia, West Asia and to lands by the Mediterranean. There were no signs of communication between ancient Chinese civilization and Mediterranean civilization in 38

20、(early) history. In about the seventh century BC, the ancient Greeks began to learn about an ancient civilization to the east, yet knew little about it. Real communication between China, Central and West Asian 39 (country), Africa and the European continent did not develop 40 the opening of the Silk

21、 Road. The Silk Road functioned not only 41 a trade route, but also a bridge 42 linked the ancient civilizations of China, India, the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. It also helped to promote 43 exchange of science and technology between east and west. The Silk Road was the main channel for

22、ancient China 44 (open) up to the outside world, as well as for fresh impulses from other cultures to enter the country, which contributed 45 (significant) to the shaping of Chinese culture.【答案】36. was traveled 37. passing 38. earlier 39. countries 40. until42. that/which 43. the 44. to open 45. sig

23、nificantly【解析】【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它早在二世纪就出现了，主要是由丝绸商人来行进的。分析句子结构及提示“travel” 可知，It指代The Silk Road, travel和The Silk Road为动宾关系，用被动语态，且发生在过去，用一般 过去时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was traveled。【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路始于长安（今西安），途经甘肃、新疆，到达中亚、西亚，经地中海到达陆 地。pass与其逻辑主语The Silk Road之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填passing。【38题详解】 考查形容词

24、比较级。句意：在早期的历史中，中国古代文明与地中海文明并没有交流的迹象。根据句意及 提示“early”可知，此句讲述了更早以前的历史，因此用形容词的比较级。故填earlier。【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：丝绸之路开通后，中国与中亚、西亚、非洲、欧洲大陆之间的真正交流才得以发展。 根据句意可知，中亚和西亚的国家不止一个，且county为可数名词，因此用复数形式。故填countries。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：丝绸之路开通后，中国与中亚、西亚、非洲、欧洲大陆之间的真正交流才得以发展。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配not.until直到才。故填untilo41题详解】考查介词。句意：

25、丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易路线，而且是连接中国、印度、美索不达米亚平原、埃及和希 腊等古代文明的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配function as起的作用。故填as。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易路线，而且是连接中国、印度、美索不达米亚平原、埃及 和希腊等古代文明的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，7 linked the ancient civilizations of China,India, the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 a bridge,关系词在定 语从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系

26、代词which或that引导该从句。故填that/which。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：它还有助于促进东西方之间的科学技术交流。根据句意可知，此处特指“东西方之间的科 学技术交流”，表特指时用定冠词the0故填the044题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路是古代中国对外开放的主要通道，也是其他文化进入中国的主要动力， 对中国文化的形成做出了重要贡献。分析句子结构可知，名词channel后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。 故填 to openo【45题详解】考查副词。句意：丝绸之路是古代中国对外开放的主要通道，也是其他文化进入中国的主要动力，对中国 文化的形成做出了重要贡献。分析句子结构及提

27、示“significant”可知，填空处应为副词，修饰谓语动词 contributed o 故填 significantly o2021届高三年级苏州八校联盟第二次适应性检测阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。China was once the worlds biggest recipient of overseas trash. Because of a 56 (short) of enough raw materials, China began importing solid waste in 1980. The recycling of 57 (i

28、mport) waste helped to fill that gap. Recycling foreign trash has support the development of Chinas manufacturing sector and further boosted its economy. After 58 (process), garbage can be turned into materials that can be used to make products, such as chairs and bags. However, importing this waste

29、 has brought 59 (many) risks than benefits. Waste that cant be 60 (proper) used is either burned or buried, 61 processing recyclables also leads to rivers, air and land pollution, as well as 62 (vary) diseases. But from Jan 1,2021, China will make a sweeping ban 63 all imports of solid waste. Accord

30、ing to China Daily, the ban taking effect in 2021 is the final stage of policies introduced in 2017, since 64, the volume of foreign waste 65 (fall) by 68percent, from 42 million to 13 million tons in 2019. The victory of realizing the goal of zero imports of solid waste is in sight J said Qiu Qiwen

31、, from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.【答案】56. shortage 57. imported 58. being processed 59. more 60. properly61. while 62. various 63. on 64. when 65. has fallen【解析】【56题详解】考查名词。句意：由于缺乏足够的原材料，中国从1980年开始进口固体废物。不定冠词a 后需接可数名词单数，short的名词为shortage“不足，缺乏”。故填shortage。【57题详解】考查过去分词。句意：进口废物的回收利用有助于填补

32、这一空白。分析句子结构可知，空处 需用非谓语动词作前置定语修饰名词waste,此处表示被进口的，所以空处需用过去分词imported作前置 定语。故填imported o【58题详解】考查动名词。句意：垃圾经过处理后，可以转化成可以用来制作产品的材料，如椅子和袋子。 介词after后需用动名词作宾语，此处表示被处理，所以空处需用动名词的被动语态：being done。故填being processed o【59题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：然而，进口这些垃圾带来的风险大于好处。由空后than benefits 可知，空处需用many的比较级more,表示更多的风险。故填more。【60题详

33、解】考查副词。句意：不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧，要么被掩埋，而处理可回收的废物也会 导致河流、空气和土地污染，以及各种疾病。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词used。故填properly。【61题详解】考查连词。句意同上。根据空前后句意可知，此处由对比之意，所以此处需用连词while“而， 可是故填while。【62题详解】考查形容词。句意：不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧，要么被掩埋，而处理可回收的废物也 会导致河流、空气和土地污染，以及各种疾病。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词diseases, vary的形容词 为various“各种各样的故填various。【63题详解】考查介词。句意：但从202

34、1年1月1日起，中国将全面禁止所有固体废物的进口。make a ban on对发出禁令，固定搭配。故填on。【64题详解】考查定语从句。句意：据中国日报报道，将于2021年生效的禁令是2017年出台的政策 的最后阶段，自那以来，外国垃圾的数量下降了 68%,从4200万吨下降到2019年的1300万吨。由空前时间词可知，空处需用since when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2017, since when=and since theno故 填 wheno【65题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。由前文连接词since可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时 态：have/has done,主语

35、是单数 the volume of foreign waste ,所以此处助动词需用 has。故填 has fallen。cheap 58 can be to eat out.答案】57. who/that【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词 who/that 引导，故填 who/thato【提分秘籍】语法填空中考察定语从句的频率比较高，10道小题中基本都会考察到1题。我们要学会判别什么情况下要填定语从句关系词，要注意关系代词和关系副词的选择，比如说一定要填that 的几种特殊情况和非限制性定语从句不能填关系词that等。【变

36、式演练】2019年高考全国II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 |she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】62. which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中作 opened一词的宾语，故用which。【2019年高考全国in卷】We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven

37、 to be exact. They were well trained bytheir masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】64. who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters （主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。【题型二】冠词【典例分析】2021年全国高考甲卷】My bike was old and shaky 47 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all

38、48 |way around the Xian City Wall.【答案】48. the【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语 为all the way,故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。【2021年全国高考乙卷】Due to| 65 |growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true

39、 eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:【答案】65. the【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态 旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。2021年新高考全国I卷】As the song goes, this long and winding ro

40、ad will never disappear*, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in 64.While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is 65 must to visit!【答案】65.a【解析】在中国，黄山是必游之地。must是名词，意为“绝对必要的事物”，与不定冠词a连用表泛指。故填ao2020年高考全国n卷】The plum trees are| 70 Ifirst to flower even as the snow is melting（融化）.They

41、 represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】70. the【解析】这里考察序数词the first to do的句型。【提分秘籍】1)不定冠词a, an的用法a和an的区别：a用于辅音开头的单词前，an用于元音开头的单词前。1表示泛指，泛指任何的、不限定的或首次提到的人或事物Long long a ago, there wasalittle girlwho lived with seven little man.2表示“每 汽 相当于every, oneWe study eight hoursaday.2)定冠词the的

42、用法1表特指(1)特指上文已提到过的人或事物There is a pen here.pen is mine.(2)用于带后置定语的名词前，表示特定的人或事物The water inbottle is clean.(3)特指说话双方都知道或能体会到的人或事物Please turn onradio.2表类指(1)用于形容词前表示一类人rich andpoor should be treated equal.(2)用于分词前表示一类人The doctor is taking care ofinjuredanddying, the dying 垂危的人(3)与单数可数名词连用表类别horse is a

43、 useful animal.3表独指用于世上独一无二的事物名词earth turns aroundsun._、乙 刖4惯用法(1)用于乐器名称前He began to playviolin at the age ofsix.(2)表示“一家人”或“夫妇”Greens格林一家/格林夫妇(3)用于序数词、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级前Of the two coats, I prefercheaperone.(4)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前United StatesPeoples Republic of China(5)用于江河、海洋、山脉等名词前Himalaya Mountains,Yell

44、ow River,Taiwan Island(6)用于方位名词前ineast/west/north/south(7)用于世纪的某个年代in1990s/1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代【变式演练】【2019年高考全国I卷】01 6 nineteen recognized polar bear sub populations, three are declining, six 70(be) stable,one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】69. the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已识别的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填t

45、he。【2019年高考全国II卷】When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 |joke.【答案】69. a【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。2021年浙江高考卷英语】Although Mary loved flowers,42 she nor her husband was known as a gardener.| 44 Lincolnsenlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet

46、 the needs of their growing family.【答案】44. The【解析】考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需 要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查”he+姓氏复数”，表示 夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。【题型三】介词【典例分析】2021年全国高考甲卷】The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China*s long history. It

47、41 (build) originally to protect the cityj 42 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (彳修复).【答案】42.in【解析】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知， 表示“在某个朝代”应用介词ino故填in。12021年全国高考乙卷】Due to 65growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66trips are

48、now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:【答案】66.of【解析】考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态 旅游。various types of为固定搭配表示“各种各样的“，所以空格处应填of。故填of。2020年高考全国I卷】The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山),more so| 65 |the familiar near side.