2022-2023学年高一英语分层卷Unit 1 People of Achievement A卷·知识通关练（解析版）.docx

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1、选择性必修 Book 1 Unit 1 People of AchievementA卷知识通关练一、词汇与短语I.重点词汇默写1. .crucial a.至关重要的;关键性的malaria n. 疟疾2. vital adj必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的3. commit v.承诺;保证（某个人、机构等）vi.忠于;全心全意投入commit oneself o do承诺乂呆证（做某事、遵守协议或安排等4. academic adj.学业的;学术的objective n.目标;目的adj.客观的5. botanical adj.植物学的e

2、valuate vt.评价;评估6. property n.性质;特征;财产distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的7. extract n.提取物;摘录 vt.提取;提炼;摘录;（用力）拔出obtain vt.（尤指经努力）获得;赢得vi.（规章、习俗等）存在;流行8. acknowledge vt.成认（属实、权威等）;（公开）感谢defeat n.失败;挫败vt.击败;战胜9. analyse v.分析apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然10. insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求II.拓展词汇变形1. mitted adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的co

3、mmit vt.承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）vi.忠于；全心全 意投入（工作、活动等）一commitment n.投入；承诺conclusion n.结论；推论-conclude v.下结论；得出结论2. acknowledge vt.成认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢acknowledgment n.成认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感 谢gentle adj.温柔的；文静的gently adv.温柔地；温和地3. 31 vt.&vi.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开n.沸腾；沸点-boiled adj.煮开的一boiling adj.沸腾的remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的Tremarkabl

4、y adv.惊人地remark v. &n.谈论；评论4. consequence n.结果；后果Tconsequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的consequently adv.结果；因此evaluate vt.评价；评估evaluation n.评价；评估5. apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然apparent adj.显而易见的；明显的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地tgradual adj.逐渐的6. analyse vt.分析analyst n.分析师；分析家一 n.分析（pl.） analysesscientific adj.科学（上）的；关于科学的

5、scientifically adv.合乎木耳学地一science ru 科学scientist n.科 学家7. vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的一 adv.极其theory n.理论；学说theoretical adi.理论上的8. novelist n.小说家novel n.（长篇）小说politician n.从政者；政治家；政客politics n.政治political adj.与政治有关的9. relativity n.相对论；相对性relative adj.相对的n.亲戚relate v.表达；使有联系；有关联infer vt推断；推定inference

6、n.推断；推论T/inferred/inferring （过去式/过去分词/现在分词）19. passion n.酷爱；激情一passionate adj.热情的；狂热的academy n.（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院;学会;专科院校academic adj.学业的；学术的academically adv.学业上；学术上20. botanical adj.植物学的botany n.植物学objective n.目标；目的 adj.客观的object n.物体 v.反对7（反）subjective adj.主观的21. distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的distinctive

7、adj.独特的；特别的；有特色的distinction n.清 楚；清晰IIL核心短语互译1 .make a discovery 做 出发现.pay attention to注意;重视2 .form a better impression of形成更好的印象.be awarded to sb. 被授予给1.1 ead to导致；通向.hundreds of thousands of几十万； 无数6 .millions of成千上万的；无数的.die from 死于； 因而死7 .become a vital part of成为的重要组成局部.graduate from从毕业8 .form a

8、team of 组成的团队.with the objective of (doing)以(做)为目的9 .in the beginning 开始，开端；起初14.become the head of成为的首领/负责人15.in the fight against在与对抗/斗争中16.suggest doing sth建议做某事17 .extract from从提取/摘录.a collection of 一批;，一些18 .try doing sth尝试做某事.get stuck进入僵局,被卡住19 .acknowledge defeat 成认失败，服输.by chance偶然；意外地20 .d

9、raw out 抽出，提取.insisted on doing sth坚持做某事25 .test the medicine on sb 在某人身上试验这种药.make sure 确信；证实26 .according to 根据，按照； 取决于； 据所说.team effort 团队合作，团队努力的结果27 .other than 除了 ； 不同于3O.relate to 涉及，有关IV.根据汉语提示用本单元词汇的正确形式填空Faraday was the inventor (invent) of the electric generator and electric motor.Faraday

10、s father suffered from longtime health problems, as a result of which his family had little money to afford his formal schooling.But he was curious and determined to learn.While working(work) in London as a teenager, he had a chance to read various (vary) books that he could get his hands on.In 1812

11、, he attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy.A year later Faraday was accepted (accept) as Davys lab assistant.Davy also took Faraday on an 18month tour of Europe, where Faraday met some of the most famous scientists of the day.But for Davy, Fara

12、day would have lost (lose) the opportunity to gain a complete scientific education.He soon began to do experiments (experiment) with electricity.In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction.And for the next eight years Faraday worked long hours in the lab, which did harm to his health.By the end

13、 of the decade he was in such poor health that his research did not begin again until 1845.In the mid 1850s, he was forced to retire and he lived at Hampton Court until his death on August 25,1867.二、句式与篇章I.教材原句补全1. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of dis

14、covering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。2. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.通过研究，他们发现并测试了 38

15、0种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。3. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.之后他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，但是依旧无效。他们的工程陷入了僵局。然而, 屠呦呦并不认输。4. According to Tu You

16、you, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honor is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is iodned an honor

17、for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.据屠呦呦所说，青蒿素的发现式团队共同努力的结果。获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不 仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队以及全国人民。这项成功印证了传统中医药的巨大价值。中国的科学研 究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。”II.单句语法填空1. It occurred to me that I could ask my cousin to help me obtain（获得）a visa.2. She acknowledg

18、ed（成认）having been cheated in the market.3. It is difficult to evaluate（评估）the damage to this village.4. He sits down and analyses（分析）why she feels so upset.5. He paused, apparently （显然地）lost in thought staring at the book.6. She insists （坚持）that I go to the library with her.7. Although his wife is y

19、oung, she has made wonderful scientific （科学的） discoveries.8. Reading is of vital （，必要的） importance in language learning.9. He cares about （关/心）nobody but himself in the trip to Qingdao.10. A group of thieves robbed the bank of millions of （百万）dollars.11. Many people divd from （死于）cholera in Europe i

20、n the last century.12. One may make a mistake by chance （偶然）but one can t make mistakes all his life.13. I think it is unwise that the company insists on （坚持）the high price.14. She is committed to （专注于）the care of the patients.15. . The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught （catch）

21、.16. He was apparently （apparent）much surprised at the news.17. Our leader insisted that we（should） caery（carry） it out.18. . Some of the people invited（invite） to the party couldn t come.19. He learned the distinctions （distinct） between gold and lead.20. This material is very rare and is also hard

22、 to obtain （obtain）.21. The old man is more than our teacher； he s also our friend.22. Scientific, （science） research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 5 - 10 years.23. Zhang Guimei, a committed educator, committed herself to education. Her commitment was praised by people.（commit）H

23、e acknowledged that Tom had helped him a lot so he wrote a letter in acknowledgement of his help.(acknowledge)24. As a child, he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a scientist. Now he is committed to doing scientific researches, (science)They concluded that the new virus is more dange

24、rous. The scientific research supported the conclusion, (conclude)25. Recovery from the disease is very gradual.But as long as you insist on taking medicine, you will gradually pick up.(gradual)People try to prevent the global warming and its consequent damage to the earth. Consequently, people shou

25、ld take action quickly to avoid serious coosequances. (consequence)III.句式升级.此外，焦虑和担忧会导致疾病。(lead to)In addition, anxiety and worry can lead to sickness.1 .在公园散步时，她偶然遇到了汤姆。(by chance)When (she was) walking in the park, she met Tom by chance.2 .那些货物正被送到地震发生过的地方。(where引导定语从句)The goods are being sent to the place where an earthquake happened.3 .他住在一个窗户面朝北的房间里。(whose引导定语从句)He lives in a room whose window faces north.4 .在会议上讨论过的那个问题很重要。(过去分词作定语)The question discussed at the meeting was very important