2022届高考英语考前冲刺卷（全国甲卷） 附答案.docx

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1、2022届高考英语考前冲刺卷全国甲卷本试卷总分值120分,考试时间100分钟。第一局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最正确选项。ATHE SCIENCE MUSEUM IS NOW OPEN. BOOK YOUR FREE TICKETS NOW.You are here:HOME SEE AND DO CLIMATE TALKSHOW ARE OUR OCEANS RESPONDING TO CLIMATE CHANGE?Oceans cover more than 70% of the

2、 Earths surface and as the planet heats up, they are feeling the impact acutely.But how exactly does climate change affect our oceans, how do our oceans influence climate change and what can we do about it?From ocean acidification and changing currents（水流）to biodiversity loss and changing fish migra

3、tion（迁徙）patterns, global temperature rise is having a very real impact on our oceans. The relationship between oceans and climate is complex and interlinked, and in this Climate Talk, a group of experts dive into this relationship.Well be exploring in depth the impacts of climate change upon oceans,

4、 the biodiversity that they support and the communities that depend on them for food security, economic prosperity（繁荣）and survival.Speakers include:Dr. Carol Turley OBE: Senior Scientist, Head of International Affairs, Plymouth Marine LaboratoryProfessor Margaret Leinen: Director of Scripps Institut

5、ion of Oceanography at UC San Diego, Vice Chancellor for Marine Sciences and Dean of the School of Marine Sciences, UC San DiegoDr. Rashid Sumaila FRSC: Killam University Professor and Director Fisheries Economics Research Unit at the University of British ColumbiaProfessor Stephen Belcher: Chief Sc

6、ientist, the Met OfficeProfessor Chris Jackson （Chair）: Chair in Sustainable Geoscience, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of ManchesterFurther speakers will be announced later.1 .What will be mainly discussed in the talks?A.The rising temperature of the Earth.C.The changing

7、 habits of the fish in the ocean.2.Who will deliver speeches during the talks?A.Museum managers.C.Professors and scientists.B.The disappearance of animals in the ocean.D.The relationship between oceans and climate.B.Museum visitors.D.Government officials.考查小标题。此处是本段的小标题。下文讲当你专注于你的事业开展时，你就拥有了要实现的 目标。

8、此外，有研究说明，朝着目标奋斗会让人更快乐。B项”工作和事业成功”统领本段，适合做 本段的小标题。应选B。考查逻辑关系。上文讲虽然你是一个有逻辑的人，但你不要认为每个决定和行动都必须基于事 实和数字。D项”有时你需要跟随自己的内心”承接上文，符合语境。应选D。考查逻辑关系。下文讲他们也会给你留下能”把事情做好”的印象。C项”他们将充满活力并且目 标明确”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。应选C。第二局部语言知识运用第一节答案：1-5 BCDDB 6-10 ACDAB 11-15 ADBCD 16-20 CCAAB解析：1.考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“1 had to get up early”及下文中

9、的“my breakfast”可知，作者必 须早早地起床，狼吞虎咽地吃完早餐后去赶校车。wolf down意为“狼吞虎咽地吃”，符合语境。应选Bo.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“across that wooden bridge when I got ofV可知，作者的家与校车站点 之间有一座木桥。bridge意为“桥，符合语境。应选C。2 .考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，作者总是第一个上车的人。first意为“第一个“，符合语境。应选 Do.考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，虽然作者家距离学校只有四英里，但校车的路线曲折反复，作者 开始了一趟长达45分钟的路程。start意为“开始”，符合语境。应选D

10、。3 .考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的it started moving on a long, winding, one-lane mountain road”可 知，当校车出现后，它开始在山路上前进。turnup意为“出现“，符合语境。应选B。4 .考查动词辨析。根据下文中的to pick up more kids”可知，校车在每个孩子的家门口停下。pause 意为“暂停，符合语境。应选A。5 .考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，随着校车上的孩子越来越多，车上变得越来越拥挤、吵闹。 louder意为“更吵闹的“，符合语境。应选C。6 .考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“to pick up more

11、kids”可知，校车向另一条崎岖不平的土路出发去接 更多的孩子。pick up意为“接“，符合语境。应选D。7 .考查动词辨析。根据下文中的the high school to drop off the older kids”可知,校车到达中学时，大 一点的孩子下车了。reach意为“到达，符合语境。应选A。8 .考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的just before the first class bell rang”可知，作者在铃声响起前刚刚 到校，因此此处表示作者到达学校时经常处于紧张、疲乏的状态。stressed意为“紧张的“，符合语 境。应选B。9 .考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的Beca

12、use I was so happy to be home again”可知，回家的旅程是轻 松的。easy意为“轻松的“，符合语境。应选A。10 .考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，作者在下车后跑过木桥。run意为跑;符合语境。应选D。11 .考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“It has been full of stops, starts”及语境可知，回首过往，作者将人 生比作一场校车之旅。bus意为“公共汽车”，符合语境。应选B。12 .考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，同校车之旅一样，人生之旅也满是站点、出发、曲折和转弯。 twist意为“曲折”，符合语境。应选C。13 .考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的

13、“but most kind”可知，一起乘车的人有些是刻薄的，但大多数都 是善良的。mean意为咳I薄的，符合语境。应选D。14 .考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的and sometimes rocky”可知，道路有时平坦，有时崎岖。smooth 意为“平坦的“，符合语境。应选C。15 .考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，虽然一路辛劳，但作者知道家永远在那里等着自己，因此而感 到宽慰。take comfort in意为感到宽慰，符合语境。应选C。16 .考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“1 was so happy to be home again”可知，此处表示作者知道家一直 在那里等着自己。home意为“

14、家，符合语境。应选A。17 .考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，尽情享受人生之旅。ride意为”旅行“，符合语境。应选A。18 .考查名词辨析。根据下文中的，nd kindness”及语境可知，作者希望读者能带着爱和友善体验人 生之旅。love意为“爱“，符合语境。应选B。第二节答案：to the was founded to travel (Dsafely players will follow which participating settlement解析：考查介词。date back to为固定搭配，意为“追溯到%故填to。考查冠词。年代前应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。考查动词的时态、语

15、态和主谓一致。根据时间状语”in 1988”可知，此处应用一般过去时；分析句 子结构可知，主语the China National Space Administration”与动词found之间构成被动关系，应用 被动语态；且主语the China National Space AdministratiorT为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形 式。故填 was foundedo考查非谓语动词。此处表示第一位进入太空的中国宇航员，应用动词不定式作he first Chinese astronaut”的定语。故填 to travel o考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词retur

16、n，故填safely。考查名词的单复数。根据among”可知，此处应用可数名词player的复数形式。故填players。考查动词的时态。根据in the years to come”可知，此处应用一般将来时。故填will followo考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语， 指代前面整句话。故填which。考查非谓语动词。介词in后应用动名词。故填participating。考查词性转换。根据”限可知，此处应用其名词形式。故填settlement。第三局部写作第一节短文改错 答案：a.an . . T . u a” . bookAmong m

17、any recreations, reading is activity I enjoy most in my free time. My favorite arethebooksthose 泊，rduce the lives of great people. Great people never give up when they face i也 difficulties, introducing、isOne impressive example is Orville and Wilbur Wright, who invented the airplane. It not good luck

18、wasbut hard work that led the Wright brothers to invent this convenient machine. Today we still rememberhim when we see planes flying in the sky. Whenever I read stories about great people, I always learn them- -brave . because This is bravelywhyI enjoy reading booksmany r.from them and they encoura

19、ge me to march on muchabout great people.解析：Lan改为the,考查冠词。句意：在许多娱乐活动中，阅读是我业余时间最喜欢的一项活 动。根据语境及后文I enjoy most in my free time可知，此处特指“我业余时间最喜欢的一项活动， 应用定冠词the。故an改为the。2.book改为books,考查可数名词复数。句意：我最喜欢的书是那些介绍伟人生活的书。根据后文 are those可知，此处应用名词复数。故book改为books。3.introduce改为introducing,考查现在分词。句意：我最喜欢的书是那些介绍伟人生活的书。

20、分析可 知，此处应用非谓语形式作定语，句中动词introduce与其逻辑主语those（这里指代书）之间是主谓 关系，应用现在分词作定语。故introduce改为introducing。4.去掉with,考查介词。句意：伟大的人在遇到困难时从不放弃。face”面对”，及物动词，介词 with多余。故去掉with。5.is改为was,考查时态。句意：莱特兄弟创造这种方便的机器不是靠运气，而是靠努力工作。分析可知，此处表达的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时。故is改为was。1.1 nvent前加to,考查动词不定式。句意：莱特兄弟创造这种方便的机器不是靠运气，而是靠努力 工作。lead sb to

21、do sth”使（导致）某人做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式作宾补。故invent前加to。7 .him改为them,考查代词。句意：今天，当我们看到飞机在空中飞行时，我们仍然记得他们。根 据语境可知，此处表示“莱特兄弟”，应用代词them。故him改为them。8 .many改为much,考查名词。句意：每当我读到关于伟人的故事时，我总是从他们身上学到很多 东西，他们鼓励我勇往直前。根据句意，这里指学到很多东西，为抽象意义，应用much。故many 改为mucho.brave改为bravely,考查副词。句意：每当我读到关于伟人的故事时，我总是从他们身上学到很 多东西，他们鼓励我勇往直前。修饰

22、动词短语march on应用副词。故brave改为bravely。10上ecause改为why,考查引导词。句意:就是为什么我喜欢读关于伟人的书。thats because后接 某事发生的原因，thatk why后接某事产生的结果，分析可知，此处表示结果，应用why引导。故 because 改为 why。第二节书面表达答案：To be a volunteerHello, everyone! Nowadays, an increasing number of people join in the activities of volunteering. It is well-known that

23、volunteering job is making contributions to the society with no money in return. However, we can gain a lot from the activities. First of all, we can put into practice what we have learned. Moreover, we could make a lot of new friends while we are volunteering. In addition, helping others is a good

24、way to make you happy and give you a sense of fulfillment.On the whole, we can benefit a lot by engaging ourselves in the voluntary work. Therefore, I suggest those that have abundant spare time take part in volunteering for the welfare of the public. I am sure you will have a more meaningful life b

25、y doing voluntary work.Thank you!3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To introduce the science museum.C.To tell the effects of climate change.B.To show some scientific discoveries.D.To advertise talks in the science museum.The most eye-catching performance from the final weekend of the U.S. Olympic T

26、rack and Field Trials didnt break a world record or send a teenager to Tokyo. But Lindsay Flach still became the shining star. Lindsay Flach competed in the heptathlon（七项全能）18 weeks pregnant and showed off a growing belly. Though she finished a distant last among the 15 women who made it through all

27、 seven events of the heptathlon, her participation this past weekend was a victory in itself.The 2020 season was supposed to be Flachs last chance to compete in the heptathlon, the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade. She intended to grasp a chance on the U.S. Olympic team

28、one final time before marrying her longtime boyfriend and starting a family together.In early 2020, Flach quit her job, temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. She intended to remain the

29、re through the 2020 U.S. Olympic Trials. Then the pandemic（疫情）struck three months into her training.When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement（延迟）of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen, Flach, 31, decided she could no longer put her life on hold. In March, Flach

30、 began struggling to hit marks that had previously been routine to her. She took a pregnancy test that came back positive, a result that made her doubt whether her Olympic hopeful.The pregnancy weakened Flachs strength and energy but not her desire to say goodbye to track and field on her own terms.

31、 While Flachs final score was less than half her personal best, shes trying not to focus on that aspect, nor on the fact that she never qualified for an Olympics in her career. Shes excited for what*s to come in her life, excited she was able to participate in a third Olympic Trials and excited that

32、 she showed how strong would-be mothers can be.1 .When did Flach begin to love the heptathlon?A.At the age of 18.B.At the age of 21.C.At the age of 30.D.At the age of 31.2 .Which word can best describe Flach according to Paragraph 3?A.Determined.B. Ambitious.C.Unfortunate. D.Organized.3 .What made F

33、lach excited?A.She was expecting a new life.B.She won the third Olympic Trials.C.She could marry her loved boyfriend finally.D.She was chosen to take part in the Olymipic Games.4.In which section of a magazine can this text be read?A.Teens.B. Sports.C.Economy.D.Advertisement.CIs there a single food

34、that you can survive on forever?First, its not a good idea to only eat one kind of food. To survive, we need 20 amino（氨基）acids as well as enough minerals and vitamins（维生素）.Throughout history weve often combined foods to assimilate the properly balanced nutrients that we usually cant attain from eati

35、ng a single food item. But in special times, there are a couple of foods a human could survive on.at least for a while.The potato is one good example. For all of 2016, Andrew Taylor ate only potatoes. But he ate both white potatoes and sweet ones, and sometimes mixed in tomato sauce, salt and herbs.

36、 He also took B12 tablets. But, overall, he ate potatoes for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The results of four blood tests that he took over the year were all normal. He even lost weight and felt more energized.Technically, the traditional white potato contains all the necessary amino acids you need

37、 to build proteins, repair cells, and fight diseases. However, if you depended on white potatoes alone, you would eventually be short of vitamins and minerals. Thats where sweet potatoes come in, which provide you with Vitamin A, C and E.Andrew Taylor isnt the only person in history who has relied a

38、lmost merely on potatoes. In the beginning of the 1800s, about a third of the Irish population got most of their calories（热量）from potatoes. The average American ate about 113 pounds of potatoes in 2015.Of course, there are a lot of health disadvantages to potatoes, especially when you eat them only.

39、 People who eat a lot of these are more likely to get diabetes-a lifelong disease and become overweight, according to multiple studies.Andrew Taylor actually lost weight-probably from eating less overall and giving up sugar-which wasn*t his original goal. No nutritionist would get on board with an a

40、ll-potato diet. Nor other food either. Variety is in some way vital. So dont just eat a baked potato, load it with other healthy stuff, too.1 .What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?A.Distinguish.B.Create.C.Absorb.D.Accumulate.2,Why is Andrew Taylor mentioned in this tex

41、t?A.To show that he is a potato lover.B.To tell the difference between white and sweet potatoes.C.To advise people to eat more potatoes.D.To prove that people can live on one kind of food for a while.3.What will happen if you only eat potatoes?A.You will run into health problems.B.You will lose weig

42、ht and feel energetic.C.You will get the needed acids and minerals. D.You will be eating like an average American. 4.Which is the best title for the text?A.Love potatoes, Love lifeB.Are you eating too much potatoes?C.Eat like Andrew TaylorD.Can we survive on a single food?DTheres nothing better than

43、 a walk in the countryside for lifting our spirits. Connecting with nature has been proven to help our mental health. For some, the refreshing thing is to walk through a forest, but as we admire the trees that surround us, its worth knowing these trees are doing more than just being nice things to l

44、ook at.Were already aware of the benefits of trees-they produce oxygen and clean the air we breathe by absorbing about a quarter of all human-caused carbon dioxide emissions（排放）.But theres more to these impressive forms of vegetation than we might think. Researchers have discovered evidence that pro

45、ves they are actually intelligent.Its thought that trees talk and share resources right under our feet, using a fungal（真菌的）network. Under the ground are tree roots, and mixed among them, are thousands of superfine threads of fungi. And research has shown that they are all interconnected. They can he

46、lp each other by sharing nutrients, and they can even warn of approaching threats. Scientists say its like the trees are talking to one another.Ecologist Suzanne Simard has called this network the Wood Wide Web. She discovered that parent trees use this network to help their offspring（后代）.She said,

47、nWe found that the parent trees would favour those offspring by sending them more nutrients/ She also found that trees are smart enough to change their behaviour and have managed to adapt and survive in a changing environment.So it seems trees really are the stars of our natural world, and with arou

48、nd a huge number of them on our planet, its time to show them some respect if we want them to grow healthily.1 .Whats the benefit of being surrounded by trees?A.Increasing our intelligence.B.Improving our mental health.C.Lowering the risk of diseases.D.Developing our taste for beauty.2 .How do trees talk to each other?A.By changing their behavior.B.By changing their environment.C.By waving to each other with their leaves. D.By using threads of fungi under the ground.3 .Whats the possible way for parent trees to help their