非限制性定语从句（介词 关系代词）专项突破学案--高三英语一轮复习.docx

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1、非限制性定语从句-介词+关系代词(专项突破)【教学目标】定语从句【教学重点】非限制性定语从句中关系词的选择；【教学难点】限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；as和which引导的定语从句。【进门得分】考点 1) The sharks followed the warm currents may have changed northward duringthis period.考点 2) The letter that I opened it wasn t for me.考点 3) The road construction is based on the agreement, one of

2、 purposes is to ensure itscompletion on time.【教学内容】教学引入：区别限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句？彳列句 1) They told me they had just arrived at the last destination that you went to last year.彳列句 2) What sets human beings apart from animals is not the pursuit of happiness, but the pursuit of meaning, which is unique to hum

3、ans.【教学内容一：非限制性定语从句知识概况】一、定义：非限制性定语从句是对意义已经非常明确的先行词给予补充、说明，删去非限制 性定语从句，主句的意思仍是概念清晰、结构完整的。二、关系词:who, whom, which, whose, as, when, where, that 和 why 不可用于引导非 限制性定语从句，从句之前要用逗号。1、先行词指人，那么用.2、先行词指物，要用.3、先行词表时间或者地点，并在句中作时间状语或者地点状语时要用 或者引导。【教学内容二：非限制性定语从句的使用情况】1.关系代词指代整个主句时，使用非限制性定语从句。1): You did a lot for

4、 me, for which I was grateful.2): The Diaoyu Island belongs to China, as is known to us.3): A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.2 .领先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或人名地名等专有名词时，使用非限制性定语从 句。1): China, which is my motherland, is developing fast.2): Eason, who was a pop star, got marri

5、ed last year.3): Last Sunday they reached Nanjing , where a conference was to be held.3 .领先行词指的是某人只有一个亲属(son, daughter等)时，使用非限制性定语从句。1): He has a daughter, who is studying in London.2): This is my teacher, who has something to tell you.【教学内容三：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别】1、形式不同：限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停

6、顿；而 非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。2 .功能不同1)：限制性定语从句用于2)：而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。-People who take physical exercise live longer.-His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.3 .翻译不同1)限制性定语从句2)非限制性定语从句-He is the man whose car was stolen.-Ive invited Jim, who lives in the

7、 next flat.4 .含义不同比拟下面的两个句子：-1 have a sister who is a doctor.-1 have a sister, who is a doctor.5 .先行词不同1）限制性定语从句的先行词只能是.2）非限制性定语从句的先行词那么可以是，也可以是；另外, 领先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用.-Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.-He changed his mind, which made me very angry.Mr. Smith, who is our boss, wi

8、ll leave for Japan next week.Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad.6.关系词不同1）关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，不用于2）在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词【及时训练1】They talked for about an hour of incidents, most of them happened recently.1. That day, what I am looking forwards to, is around the

9、 comer.2. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.3. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. as D. that. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both， is not good for the health.5.

10、In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.6. But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove （prove） that she has brains as well as beauty.7. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a

11、TV show in the mid-1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.8. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, there were fewer humans around.9. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confuciu

12、s, lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks.【教学内容四：as和which引导的定语从句】（一）相同点：都可以在定语从句中做 语、语或 语，代表前面整个句子.（二）不同点：1、位置,as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之、主句之 甚至还可以分割主句。Eg: As is known to all, China is a developing country.which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之。2、意义：as译为：常考固定搭配。which这一点，这件事；表事实、状态、起因、

13、转折、让步等；当后置的非限定性定语 从句是否认结构时，也只能用which引导。Eg: Tom has made rapid progress, which makes me very happy.3、先行词：as引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词多为一个句子；which引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词可以是一个词，一个短语或一.4、be动词能否省略:which后的be动词；而as后的be动词。5、介词+关系代词(介宾代物)”中关系代词只能用which。Air is a mixture of gases, of which oxygen forms 21 percent.【及时训练2】He has

14、 made as much progress is enough for him to be admitted to Fudan University.A.asB. that C. what D. whichThe beginning of the story is excellent,is the ending, leaves us much to think.A. as; which B. so; that C.as; that D. such; whichIt rained very hard yesterday,prevented me from going to the school

15、.A. that B. it C. as D. whichThe salesman produced all sorts of handbags, but none of met Lindas requirements.1. I told the teacher Td like to take part in the competition, , however, made the whole class burst into laughter.【过手练习】My eldest son,work takes him all over the world, is in New York at th

16、e moment.1. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,the weather may be better.2. It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.3. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employe

17、es enjoytheir work.4. The books on the desk,covers are shiny, are prizes for us.【拓展训练】一语法填空If you only got six hours* shut eye last night, there is no need (1) (lose )sleep over it.Scientists say that though it is (2) (wide) believed that we need eight hours of sleep a night, six to seven hours is t

18、he natural amount.Advising short-sleepers to rest easy, the US researchers say, (3) (have)importantimplications (暗示, 含义) for the idea that we need to take sleeping pills because sleep has Been reduced from (4) (it) natural level by the widespread use of electricity, TV, the Internet and so on.The le

19、ad author of a study, Ghandi, said: Theres the (5) (expect) that we should all be sleeping for eight or nine hours a night, and if we took away modern technology, we would be sleeping more. But now, for the first time, we are showing thats not truth.”Most of those (7) were studied slept for less tha

20、n seven hours a night, with the average amount just six hours and 25 minutes. This is much less than the eight hours often (8) (recommend) in western societies.Despite this, the people studied were in good health, (9)lower rates of obesity (“巴胖 症)，better blood pressure and (10) (healthy) hearts than

21、 people in industrialized societies. They were also fitter.【单句语法】考点 1) She says that she 11 never forget the time shes spent working as a secretary in our company.考点 2) Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,is not good for the health. 考点 3) One afternoon where I was in primary schoo

22、l, I was walking by the school playground.【课后作业】一短文改错Im on holiday in the Switzerland with my parents. We stayed in a hotel near a lake. I can see mountains from my bedroom window.This is the first time Fve paid a visit the country. What beautiful its scenery is ! We go camping in the mountains and

23、always go with a guide, for its safer. We can easily get lose in the remote mountains. Yesterday we went for a boat trip around the lake. At first, we enjoyed us very much, and half an hour later, we had to stop our trip. It started to rain so heavy that we couldnt even see the shore. We had great f

24、uns but we were a bit frightening!参考答案：【进门得分】考点1） that / which 考点2）去掉it 关系代词that替代先行词the letter,在定语 从句中作open的宾语，故将多余的it去掉。考点 3） whose教学引入：区别限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句？例句1）句子分析：他们告诉我，他们刚刚到达了最后一个目的地，这个地方是你去年 去过的。该句中含有一个定语从句，先行词为destination,关系词在从句中作went to的宾 语：先行词被“the last”修饰，故只能用that引导该定语从句。例句2）句子分析：不是对幸福的追求而是

25、对生命意义的追求才使得人类与动物不同, 这是人类独有的特征。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整句话的内容。【及时训练114 .A5.which 6.which 7. who5 .whose4.its5. expectation9.withlO.healthier8.when1 .them 一 which 2. what 一 which 3. where9. where10. who【及时训练2】AAD;which;which【过手练习】1. whose2.when3.which4. where【拓展训练】一语法填空1 .to lose2.widely3.has6.the7.who8. Recommended【单句语法】考点 1) which / that考点 2) which考点3) where改为when。【课后作业】第一行 去掉 Switzerland 前的 the； stayed 改成 stay, 第二行visit后加to；第四行lose改成lost；第三行 What改成How；第五行 us 改成ourselves； and改成but； 第六行 heavy改成heavily； funs改成fun； 第七行 frightening 改成 frightened