测量与信号基础英文PPT (2).pdf

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1、Contents Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Time Waveform Analysis Chapter 3 Frequency Spectrum Analysis Chapter 4 Amplitude Possibility Analysis Chapter 5 Time delay Correlation Analysis Chapter 6 Time-varying signal analysis Chapter 7 Signal Filtering Chapter 8 Principles of sensors Chapter 9 Signal

2、 conditioning technique Chapter 10 Characteristics of measurement systems Chapter 11 Computer based measurement systems Signal analysis Measurement Fundamentals of Measurement and Signal Analysis Chapter 1 Introduction Fundamentals of Measurement and Signal Analysis 1.1 Basic concepts of measurement

3、 technologies Measurement technology is a part of the experimental science.It mainly studies the sensing principles of physical quantities and signal analyzing methods of measurement signals.Camera Thermal 9-axis Motion and Orentation Sensor Accelerometer 3axis Magnetometer 3axis Gyroscope 3axis For

4、 Drones,Measurement technology like the sense organs in Human Beings.1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies GOOGLE AUTONOMOUS CAR Laser sensor/Camera=eyes Microphone=ears.Measurement technology is a part of the experimental science.It mainly studies the sensing principles of physical quantit

5、ies and signal analyzing methods of measurement signals.A simple measurement system has only one module,such as a glass tube thermometer.It directly displays the temperature by liquid level,without electric conversion and electronic circuit,it is impossible to realize automatic measurement.In order

6、to improve the measurement accuracy and realize automation,the measurement system in industry usually converts the measured physical quantity into electric quantity,then process and the electric signal,such as the electronic thermometer.1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Temperature sens

7、or：sensing=thermal resistor transmission=voltage divider VCC 10K Vout The functions of a sensor can be divided into sensing and transmission,i.e.sense information and transmit it.According to its functions,a sensor usually consists of two parts,namely:the sensitive element and the conversion/transmi

8、ssion circuit.1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies The sensing experiment of a thermal resistance VCC 10K Vout 1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Usually,the measurement system consists of three parts:sensor,signal conditioning device and analysis/display device.Sensor：Converts

9、 physical quantities to electric quantities Signal conditioning：Amplifies and filters the electrical signal to make easier for subsequent transmission and processing Analysis/display device：Display information extracted from measurement signals Object to be measured Physical quantity Sensor Electric

10、 quantity Signal conditioning device Analysis/display device Actuator Digital quantity Electric quantity Electric quantity Physical quantity 1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Sensor(e.g.,microphone)a device that detects/measures a signal or stimulus acquires information from the“real wo

11、rld”Actuator(e.g.,loudspeakers)a device that generates a signal or stimulus Transducer a device that converts a primary form of energy into a corresponding signal with a different energy form.1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Three confusing words Example：Trajectory tracking trolley Obj

12、ect to be measured：Black trajectory Sensor：Light sensor Analysis：Trolley position Executor：Motor 1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Led+Light resistor Object to be measured：Noise Sensor：Microphone Analysis：Noise magnitude Executor：Screen Example：Noise measurement 1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Object to be measured Physical quantity Sensor Electric quantity Signal conditioning device Analysis/display device Actuator Digital quantity Electric quantity Measurement system 1.1 Basic concepts of measurement technologies Fundamentals of Measurement and Signal Analysis