外研版2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题9正反解读动词的时态和语态.ppt
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1、外研版2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题9正反解读动词的时态和语态 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望专题专题9 9正反解读动词的时态和语态正反解读动词的时态和语态 专题专题9 9 正反解读动词的正反解读动词的时态和语态时态和语态 专题专题9 9 高考链接高考链接高考链接12011安徽卷安徽卷 What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally,I think it will exi
2、st along with home shopping but_.Awill never replaceBwould never replaceCwill never be replacedDwould never be replaced解析 C考查动词的时态和语态。答句意思是:我认为商店购物将与居家购物并存而不会被其取代。表示“被取代”应用replace的被动语态,同时是对将来的描述,用将来时态,故答案为C。专题专题9 9 高考链接高考链接22011北京卷 Experiments of this kind_ in both the US.and Europe well before the
3、Second World War.Ahave conducted Bhave been conductedChad conductedDhad been conducted解析 D考查动词的时态和语态。由常识可知,谓语动词的动作发生在二战之前,很显然,这是“过去的过去”,所以应该用过去完成时。conduct 和experiments是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。专题专题9 9 高考链接高考链接32011福建卷 Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they_ from China.Areceiv
4、eBare receiving Chave received Dhad received解析 D考查动词的时态。句意:上个月日本政府对中国的救援表达了谢意。“接受帮助”发生在“表达”之前,故用过去完成时。专题专题9 9 高考链接高考链接42011湖南卷 Joan,what_in your hand?Look!Its a birthday gift for my grandma.Ahad you held Bare you holdingCdo you hold Dwill you hold解析 B考查动词的时态。根据答话人所说的“Look!”可判断问话人是询问琼手里正拿着什么,即表示此时此刻正
5、在发生的动作,故用现在进行时。专题专题9 9 高考链接高考链接52011江苏卷 I hear you _ in a pub.Whats it like?Well,its very hard work and Im always tired,but I dont mind.Aare working Bwill workCwere working Dwill be working解析 A考查动词的时态。根据答语用现在时态可知hear后接的从句也用现在时态。故选A项。专题专题9 9 高考链接高考链接专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 考点归纳动词时态动词时态 考点一一般现在时考点一一般现在时(动词用原
6、形或单数第三人称后加动词用原形或单数第三人称后加s/s/eses等等)规则规则1 1:表示客观事实或普遍真理:表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制不受时态限制)。如:。如:The geography teacher told us the earth moves The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.around the sun.规则2:表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词;表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用行为动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。如:We always care for each other a
7、nd help each other.规则3:表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,agree,believe,like,hate,want,think,belong to,seem等。如:Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则4:少数用于表示起止的动词如come,go,leave,arrive,fly,return,start,begin,ope
8、n,close,end,stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时。表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,只用一般现在时。如:The shop closes at 11:00 pm.every day.Tomorrow is Wednesday.规则5:在时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示时态。如:If you will accept my invitation and come to our party,my family will be pleased.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则
9、6:在the morethe more句型中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:The harder you study,the better results you will get.规则7:在make sure,see to it,mind,care,matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:See to it that you are not late again.规则8:一般现在时所对应的时间状语常见的有:often,always,usually,seldom,now,every day等。专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 考点二现在进行时(am/is/are
10、v.ing)规则1:表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作。如:It is raining now.规则2:表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。如:She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要当老师。专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则3:代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。如:The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.长江滚滚向东流去。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。规则4:与always,often,fo
11、rever,constantly,continually连用,表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩,但并非强调动作正在进行。如:He is always helping others.他总是帮助其他人。She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则5:下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时:(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词:like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need,etc.(2)表示存在的状态的动词及短语:appear,exist,lie,re
12、main,seem,belong to,depend on,etc.(3)表示瞬时性动作的动词:allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete,etc.(4)表示感官的动词:see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look,etc.规则6:现在进行时所对应的时间状语常见的有:now,right now,at present,at this moment,these days等。专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 考点三现在完成时(has/havev.ed)规则1:表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,或说话时刚刚完成
13、的动作。如:I have finished the report.She has cleaned the room.规则2:表示从过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和“for”,“since”表述的一段时间状语连用。如:He has learned English for six years.They have worked here since they left college.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则3:表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”;表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”。如:Where is Li
14、 Hua?He has gone to the readingroom.She knows a lot about Shanghai.She has been there.规则4:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。如:When you have learned English,you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.Well start at six if it has stopped raining by then.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 【温馨提示】这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之
15、前完成,如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生,则不必用完成时。试比较:Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her.She will call you when she gets home.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则5:短暂动词(即瞬间动词)及短语如:join,lose,buy,borrow,lend,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,break out,take part in等,在完成时态中,其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如:He has joined
16、 the army three years.()He joined the army three years ago.()He has been in the army for three years.()It is/has been three years since he joined the army.()专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则6:下列句型中常用现在完成时:(1)It is(has been)一段时间since从句(过去时)(2)This(That/It)is the first(second)time that现在完成时(3)This(That/It)is the on
17、lythat现在完成时(4)This(That/It)is the best/finest/most interestingthat现在完成时规则7:现在完成时对应的时间状语:recently,lately,up to/till now,so far,in the past/last few months/years,for时间段,since时间点等。专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 考点四一般过去时(ed或不规则变化)规则1:一般过去时的基本用法:表示过去的事情、动作或状态,常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯动作或状态;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望
18、的事通常用过去时。如:I met her in the street yesterday.I thought the film would be interesting,but it isnt.规则2:如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生,但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去时。如:He told me he read an interesting novel last night.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则3:表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词语连接,用一般过去时。如:but,and,when,as soon as,immediately,the moment,t
19、he minute,etc.The moment she came in,she told me what had happened to her.规则4:用于I didnt know或I forgot,表示事先不知道或不记得,但现在已知道或记得的事情。如:I didnt know you were here.(现在已经知道)Sorry,I forgot to bring my book.(“忘记带书”已成为过去的事了)专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则5:一般过去时所对应的时间状语常见的有:then,yesterday,last week,after that,ago,in the fo
20、llowing/next few months等。专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 考点五过去进行时(was/werev.ing)规则1:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间需用时间状语表示)。如:He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.规则2:表示一个动作在另一个过去动作发生时进行。如:They were still working when I left.规则3:指两个过去正在进行的动作同时发生。如:I was writing while he was watching TV.专题专题9 9 考点归纳考点归纳 规则
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