2022-2023年高中英语经典知识题库.docx

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1、2022-2023年高中英语经典知识题库单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach_ I my biggest concern to my mother, uHow will I make friends ?A . voicedB . voiceC . am voicingD . am voiced答案：A 解析： 考查动词时态。句意：上小学一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下的。我向母亲表达了我最大的担 忧“

2、我怎样交朋友呢?”根据时间状语On the first day of my first grade,可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情, 使用一般过去时。应选A。2、Both men were happy to from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature inthe quietness of their lives.A . disposeB . withdrawC . trembleD . acknowledge答案：B 解析: 考查动词辨析。句意：两人都乐于从现代生活中抽身而退，在平静的生活中寻求与自然

3、的和谐关系。A.dispose使倾向于；B. withdraw撤退,脱离（社会）；C. tremble颤抖；D. acknowledge成认。由语意可知,想要寻求与自然的和谐关系，应是从现代的生活中脱离。应选B项。3、These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of feed on insects that canharm the rice crops.A . whichB . whatC . whoseD . that答案：A 考查副词。句意：我父母借给我钱。否那么，我付不起旅费。根据单

4、词首字母以及句意“否那么”可知应填副词 otherwise,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Otherwise。27、The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly d hotel room.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:decorated#ecorated解析：考查动词。句意：婚礼在装饰华丽的酒店房间里举行。结合首字母提示及句意可知，此处使用动词decorate, hotel room与decorate之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填decorated。28、Others try to c certain feelings such as joy

5、and sorrow.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：convey#onvey解析：考查动词。句意：另一些人那么试图表达某些情感，如喜悦和悲伤。分析句子，try tod。意为“试图做某事”， 该空需要一个动词原形，其宾语为feelings,结合首字母c,动词convey意为“表达，传达”，符合题意。故 填 convey029、Do you know the scientist New Ton? He is absolutely e.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：extraordinary#xtraordinary解析：考查形容词。句意：你知道科学家纽顿吗？他绝对是卓越非凡的。根据句意和首字母提示可知

6、，应填入形容词 extraordinary作表语，意为非凡的，卓越的。故填extraordinary。30、The c between these two countries should be solved in a peaceful way.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：conflict#onflict解析：10 考查名词。句意：这两个国家之间的冲突应该以和平的方式解决。定冠词the后接名词形式，在句中作主语。结合首字母提示及句意，conflict 冲突”用作不可数名词，故填conHict。31、D an IQ of 75, he lives a truly amazing life.（根据

7、首字母单词拼写）答案:Despite#espite解析：考查介词。句意：尽管他的智商只有75,但他的生活真的很精彩。结合句意和首字母提示，介词despite 尽 管”符合题意。故填Despite。小提示：32、Chinese Lantern Festival f guessing riddles, seeing colorful lanterns and eating yuanxiao. 射艮据首字母单词拼写）答案：features#eatures解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国元宵节的特色是猜灯谜、看彩灯和吃元宵。根据句意和首字母提示，应 填动词feature 以为特色”作谓语，主语

8、Chinese Lantern Festival是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，且 描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填features。33、Misunderstandings caused constant f between the young couple.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:friction#frictions#riction#rictions解析：考查名词。句意：误解使这对年轻夫妇之间不断发生摩擦。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入名词friction 作宾语，意为“摩擦”，friction为可数名词，结合句意，可以用单数也可以用复数形式。故填frictions）。34、They

9、 v to work in Michael s shop after school every week.（根据首字母提示单词拼写）答案：volunteer#olunteer11解析: 考查动词。句意：他们自愿每周放学后到迈克尔的商店工作。根据单词首字母以及句意“自愿”可知应填动词 volunteer,作谓语，结合后文every week可知用一般现在时，主语为they,谓语用原形。故填volunteer。35、As a c of the heavy rain he was late for work.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：consequence#onsequence解析：考查名词和固定

10、短语。句意：由于下大雨，他上班迟到了。由he was late for work可知，他上班迟到是因 为下大雨，由首字母提示c可知，空格处是固定短语as a consequence of,意为由于，因此空格处是 consequence,故填 consequence。36、Sooner or later, your child will leave home to live as a fully i adult.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：independent#ndependent解析：考查形容词。句意：迟早，你的孩子将会离开家去过一种完全独立的成人生活。空格处是定语，修饰名词 adult,要

11、用形容词,故填independent。37、He is said to p a fortune of more than two-and-a-half-thousand million dollars.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:possess#ossess解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据说他拥有的财富超过25亿美元。根据单词首字母以及句意“拥有”可知，该空单 词为possess ；再根据前面的短语is said to可知，应使用其动词原形。故填possess。38、 Despite ups and d, Chinese people have unified and shown wisdom

12、to build a brighter future.（根据首字母单词拼写）12答案:downs#owns 解析：考查名词。句意：尽管经历了风风雨雨，但中国人民团结一致，展现了智慧，创造了更加美好的未来。由Despite ups and 和 Chinese people have unified and shown wisdom to build a brighter future 可知， 句 子表示尽管经历了风风雨雨，但中国人民团结一致，展现了智慧，创造了更加美好的未来”，由首字母提示 d可知，“风风雨雨，浮沉；兴衰；荣辱”是固定短语ups and downs,空格处是downs。故填dow

13、ns。39、As winter is a the weather is getting colder.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：approaching#pproaching解析：考查动词。句意：随着冬天的临近，天气越来越冷。根据句型结构可知，此空应填形容词或填分词结构形式， 再根据句意和首字母可知，应填approaching表“来临”。故填approaching。40、No one was injured in the fire, but the building was completely d.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：destroyed#estroyed解析：考查谓语动词和被动语态。

14、句意：没有人在火灾中受伤，但是这座建筑被完全摧毁了。根据句意和首字母可知, 空处应填动词的过去分词形式destroyed,与前面的was构成被动语态，表示被毁坏。故填destroyed。41x Im still waiting for c of the test results.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：confirmation#onfirmation解析：考查名词。句意：我还在等待测试结果确实认。根据单词首字母以及句意“确认”可知应填名词confirmation, 作宾语，不可数。故填confirmation。42、I had to walk a long d, about 10 kilo

15、meters, to get there as there were no buses at all.（根据首字母13单词拼写） 答案:distance#istance解析：考查名词。句意：因为根本没有公共汽车，我不得不走很长的一段距离，大约10公里，才到达了那里。根据 句子结构和首字母，设空处应填distance,译为“距离”，前有不定冠词a, distance用单数形式，作动词 walk的宾语。故填distance。43、When I found out that I was t by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship.

16、（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:tricked#ricked解析：考查动词。句意：当我发现我被他欺骗了，我真的很受伤，放弃了我们的友谊。主语I与trick之间为被动关系, 所以用被动语态。根据首字母提示及句意，故填tricked。44、These activities all take place under the g of an experienced tutor.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:guidance#uidance解析：考查名词。句意：这些活动都是在有经验的导师的指导下进行的。根据句意及首字母提示，可知此处涉及短语 under the guidance of （在的指导下），意为在有

17、经验的导师的指导下。故填guidance。45、What s her a towards the plan? Is she for or against it?（根据首字母单词拼写）答案:attitude#ttitude解析：考查名词。句意：她对这个计划的态度是什么？她是赞成还是反对？ her为形容词性物主代词，后接名词作主 语；根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处使用名词attitude,特指“对这个计划的态度”，用名词单数。故填14attitudeo书信写作（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）46、假如你是李华，你的学校开展了一场关于高中学生自主学习（autonomous learning）的

18、活动，请你根据以 下要点给你的美国朋友Alan写邮件提供此事。内容包括：（1）活动的主要内容（教授讲座，学生讨论）；（2）自己的收获体会；询问对方学校如何开展自主学习。注意：词数80左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案：Dear Alan,How are you getting along these days? I am writing to share with you an activity about autonomous learning held at my school last Thursday.First, a university professor delivered

19、 a lecture to all the students, introducing what autonomous learning meant and explaining what benefits it would bring. Then followed a heated discussion, in which some students shared their relevant experience. For me, it can give full play to our initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, making us th

20、e most effective learners.How do you conduct autonomous learning in your school? Looking forward to your sharing.Yours,Li Hua15解析:【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，你的学校开展了一场关于高中学生自主学习（autonomous learning） 的活动，请你根据以下要点给你的美国朋友Alan写邮件提供此事。词汇积累举行：hold*host演讲:lecturespeech实施:conductput into effect有效率的：effectiveeffi

21、cient句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：For me, it can give full play to our initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, making us the most effectivelearners.拓展句：For me, it can give full play to our initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, which can make us the mosteffective learners.小提示：高分句型 1 First, a university professor de

22、livered a lecture to all the students, introducing what autonomouslearning meant and explaining what benefits it would bring.（运用了 what 弓I导宾语从句）高分句型 2 Then followed a heated discussion, in which some students shared their relevant experience.（运用了非限制性定语从句）47、假定你是李华，你的英国好友Josh对你本学期参加的体育健康选修课很感兴趣。请你写信向他

23、介绍，内容包括：16选修课的内容； 上选修课的收获。参考词汇：选修课optional course注意：(1)词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；答案：Dear Josh,Knowing that you have great interest in my optional course about sports health, Im writing to tell you something about it.Of all the courses provided by our school this term, Basketball Training is my favorit

24、e, which is available on the given basketball court through the last two periods every Friday afternoon, and from which I have benefited a lot.Nearly three months of training contributes to my good beginning of senior life. First of all, I have made some new friends from other classes, two of whom s

25、erve on the school team. In addition, the course gives me more chances to exercise in the open air, which refreshes me after a busy day.Could you tell me about what your option about sports health is like? Im looking forward to your early reply.Yours truly,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Josh写信向他介

26、绍本学期的体育健康选修课。词汇积累17真诚地：trulysincerely 选择：option * choice另夕卜：in addition*moreover提供：provide offer句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Knowing that you have great interest in my optional course about sports health, Im writing to tell you something about it.拓展句：Because I know that you have great interest in my optional cours

27、e about sports health, Im writing to tell you something about it.小提示：【高分句型 1 In addition, the course gives me more chances to exercise in the open air, which refreshes me after a busy day.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 2 First of all, I have made some new friends from other classes, two of whom serve o

28、n the school team.（运用了介词+whom引导的定语从句）48、假定你参加了某国际旅行社组织的荒野求生（Man vs Wild）体验活动。请你用英语写一篇短文，发布在 该旅行社的网站上，介绍你的体验过程，内容包括：活动过程；（2）你遇到的困难以及你是如何克服困难的；（3）谈谈感受。注意：写作词数应为80左右。答案：One possible version:I took part in the Man vs Wild activity this summer vacation.18During the activity, I was in a group with a boy f

29、rom New Zealand. It went all right at the beginning. However, on the third day, we got lost in the mountains and couldnt find our way back to the camp. What was worse, we ran out of food. We had our mobile phones but there was no signal. To save ourselves, we created a large SOS using tree branches

30、and were finally rescued by helicopter.It was a valuable experience, from which I benefited a lot.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇文章发表在某旅行社的网站上，介绍自己参加的荒野求生体验活动, 包括活动过程，遇到的困难及如何克服困难，并谈谈自己的感受。词汇积累参力口 ： take part inparticipate in更糟糕的是：What was worseWorse still耗尽、用完：run out of-*use up最终：finallyeventually句式拓展简

31、单句变复合句原句:During the activity, I was in a group with a boy from New Zealand.拓展句：During the activity. I was in a group with a boy who is from New Zealand.小提示：【高分句型 1 To save ourselves, we created a large SOS using tree branches and were finally rescued by helicopter.（运用了不定式作状语和分词作状语）19解析： 考查定语从句关系词。句意

32、：这些梯田还为鸟类和鱼类提供了完美的环境，其中一些以会损害水稻作物的昆虫 为食。A. which哪一个（可引导名词性从句和定语从句）；B. what什么，所的东西（可引导名词性从句）； C. whose谁的（可引导名词性从句和定语从句）；D. that那个（可引导名词性从句和定语从句）。分析句子, 该空需要关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词birdsancHish,并指代先行词在从句中作介词of 的宾语，只用which不用that。应选A项。4、It that the rule doesn t children.A . turned up, apply forB . turned

33、on, apply forC . turned out, apply toD . turned in, apply to答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实证明，这条规那么不适用于儿童c A. turned up, apply for出现；申请；B. turned on, apply for 翻开；申请；C. turned out, apply to 结果是；适用于；D. turned in, apply to 上交；适用于。第一 空为句型it turn out that表示结果是,事实证明；第二空根据前后文uthe rule doesn* t children可知，指规那么不适用于儿童

34、，应用apply t。应选C05、the COVID-19 pandemic was a primary factor affecting enrolment of international students, the strained relationship between the US and China also accounted for it.A . AsB . SinceC . IfD . While答案：D解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然新冠肺炎大流行是影响国际学生入学的一个主要因素，但美中关系紧张也是原 因之一。A.之因为；B. Since 自从；C. If 如果；D.

35、While 虽然。根据the strained relationship between the US and China also accounted for it,可知，前后句之间为转折关系，所以用while用引导让步状语从句。应选D。2【高分句型 2 It was a valuable experience, from which I benefited a lot.(运用了介词+which 引导的非限制性定语从句)49、假定你是李华，上周末你参加了学校组织的志愿者活动，你的任务是担任交通引导员(traffic guide)。请你给英国好友Christ写一封邮件介绍此次活动，内容主要包括

36、：活动的目的；活动内容；你的体会。注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Christ,Yours,Li Hua答案： I am writing to tell you an activity organized by our school last weekend. With the aim of raising peoples awareness of the potential danger when they cross the road, our school sent us to direct the pedestrians to follow the tr

37、affic signals, help elder people cross roads, and stop young people breaking traffic rules.By the end of the day, we were exhausted but what made us happy was that people started to understand the significance of observing traffic rules.I hope I can take part in more activities like this as our smal

38、l acts can actually make a big difference.20YoursLiHua解析：【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国好友Christ写一封信介绍你担任交通指导员的志愿者活动。词汇积累目的：aim * purpose意识:awareness consciousness疲惫的：exhausted tired参力口 ： take part in * participate in句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I am writing to tell you an activity organized by our school last weekend.拓展句：I a

39、m writing to tell you an activity which is organized by our school last weekend.小提示：高分句型 lWith the aim of raising peoples awareness of the potential danger when they cross the road, our school sent us to direct the pedestrians to follow the traffic signals, help elder people cross roads, and stop yo

40、ung people breaking traffic rules.（运用了 with的符合结构和when引导的时间状语从句）高分句型 2 By the end of the day, we were exhausted but what made us happy was that people started to understand the significance of observing traffic rules.（运用了 what 引导的主语从句，以及 that 引导的表语从 句）2150、假定你是李华，你将参加与来自美国的交换生的见面会。请根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文介绍自

41、己。个人的基本情况；自己的性格和爱好；未来的打算。注意：词数80左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案： My name is Li Hua, a 15-year-old girl in Grade 10 at Xinhua Senior High School.I am quite outgoing and sociable, so I have lots of friends. I am also very hard-working and responsible. Besides, I have a wide range of hobbies such as reading and d

42、ancing. Additionally, I m very independent, so my parents don t really have to worry about me.My dream is to become a scientist,for which I have decided to study physics at college.! believe I can achieve my goal with my great efforts.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在参加与来自美国的交换生的见面会时，介绍自己的基本情况、性格和爱 好，以及未来的打算

43、。词汇积累一个 15 岁的女孩:a 15-year-old girla girl aged 15此外：besideswhaf s more担忧：worry about*be concerned about决定：decidedetermine22句式拓展同义句转换原句：Besides, I have a wide range of hobbies such as reading and dancing.拓展句：Besides, I have a wide range of hobbies, ranging from reading to dancing.小提示：【高分句型 1 My dream

44、is to become a scientist,for which I have decided to study physics at college.（运用 了 动词不定式作表语，非限定性定语从句）【高分句型 2】I believe I can achieve my goal with my great efforts.（运用 了宾语从句）236、The boy to bed his mother came in.A . went not; untilB . didn t go; afterC . went; untilD . didn t go; until答案：D解析：考查固定句型和

45、时态。句意：男孩直到他妈妈进来才上床睡觉。此处为句型not.until表示直到才” 根据后文his mother came in可知为一般过去时。应选Do7、By the way, our school soccer team won at last,?A . were theyB . didnt theyC . did theyD . werent they答案：B解析：考查反意疑问句。句意：顺便说一下，我们学校的足球队最后赢了，是吗？反意疑问句中问句局部的动词与陈 述局部的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否认？否认+肯定？且谓语为won,应用助动词did,故 选丸8、The bel

46、l rang and, heading for the playground in high spirits.A . rushed out the boysB . out rushed the boysC . did the boys rush outD . out the boys rushed答案：B解析：考查时态和倒装。句意：铃一响，男孩子们就冲了出来，兴高采烈地朝操场跑去。rang说明用一般过去时，表 示地点或方位的副词位于句首表示强调，需要用完全倒装语序，应选B。9、Some students are for their impolite and rude attitude towa

47、rds others.A . blamedB . blamingC . to be blamedD . to blame答案：D解析：考查动词短语。句意：一些学生因为他们对别人的不礼貌和粗鲁的态度而受到责备。be I。blame for应对负 责；应因而受责,用主动形式表示被动意义。根据their impolite and rude attitude towards others.可知, 学生的不礼貌和粗鲁的态度应该受到责备。应选Do10、Word came that free souvenirs would be given to comes first.A . whomeverB . wh

48、icheverC . whateverD . whoever答案：D解析：考查名词性从句。句意：有消息说，谁先来，谁就能得到免费纪念品。分析句子结构可知，此处考查名词性从 句中连接词的选择；从句位于介词t。后，所以是宾语从句；从句缺少主语，且意指人，所以选择可以作主语 的连接代词whoeverG应选D项。11、一Is that Ann s husband over there?一No, it be him. I m sure he doesn t wear glasses.A . mustn tB . won tC . may notD . can t答案：D解析：考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：一那是Ann的丈夫吗？不，不可能是他。我确定他没戴眼镜。A.mustn t禁止