中考英语一轮复习学案：名词专题.docx

《中考英语一轮复习学案：名词专题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语一轮复习学案：名词专题.docx（6页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、名词专题训练名词的基础知识【知识讲解】L分类：1).可数名词：可以用数目计算，分单数和复数两种形式；复数变化规律：a.规那么变化1) . 一般的名词词尾直接加-s2) .以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es。3) .以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。4) .以o结尾的名词，通常有生命的加es无生命的加s。5) .以f或fe结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。b.不规那么变化：构成方法例如改a为e型man 一 menwoman 一 women特例：GermanGermans humanhumans改oo为ee型tooth一teeth fbotfeet特例：

2、boot一boots在词尾加renchildchildren单复数形式相同sheep deer meansJapanese常用作复数形式 或只有复数形式noodles glasses trousers clothes goods chopsticks people2) .不可数名词：不可以用数目计算，包括物质名词和抽象名词，通常只有单数 形式。物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质：meat,rice,water,milk.抽象名词：表示动作，状态，情况，品质等抽象概念：work,time,health,friendship.2.具体运用1) .不可数名词一般无复数形式，不能被基数词和不定冠词(a/

3、an)直接修饰。2) .物质名词中不可数名词如果想表数量，可以用量词来表示(量词有复数形式), 结构是“数词+量词+of+名词”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg:a bottle of watertwo bowls of rice3) .有的不可数名词可作可数名词，有复数形式，但意义往往发生变化。eg:orange (果汁)-oranges (橙子)water (水)-water (水域)4) .物质名闻中的很多不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数名词，表示种类或几个， 几根时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。eg:常见名词:fruit, fish, hair, food.抽象名词本身不可数，但是当转

4、化成具体名词的时候就可数。a.表示具有某种性质的人或事物。常见名词：beauty:泛指美不可数，具体指“美人”可数。taikire:泛指失败不可数，具体指“失败者，失败的事”可数。success:泛指成功不可数，具体指“成功的人或者事”可数。b.在文章语境中或有修饰词，短语甚至句子修饰限定。常见名 词：influence,change,chance,chanllenge 等。eg: There was a chance to escape.5) .有形容词修饰限定：a.只能修饰不可数名词的词（组）：little很少；几乎没有 a little有一点儿muc/how much很多b.既可修饰可数

5、名词，又可以修饰不可数名词的词组:lots of很多 most大多数a few有几个some 一些a lot of 很多plenty of大量的enough足够的c.只能修饰可数名词复数的词（组）：few几乎没有several 几个several 几个many/how many 彳艮多【巩【巩ave someb% . 向an复数变化隼选题基础) washery happy. She tew/mistake few mistaKes eed some mgregot much b ave usgrfin the, Can youj J1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 * 12 13 14

6、 ( nrrfpitnpQose new books：. .3 kee fit information5 advices . . some a(mcg 1 , C. an advice m we saw hivace, we Knew ws baa.news . B,.a news .CL tne newsF hg-Jh设程t吸c. toothsse remembeiUo. grve the horse songslest.r . x ide a tew mistakes lakes Tew mistake get some, please入 jtatoes r D. potatoeD. st

7、oriesD. a adviceD. newsD. toothesD. leave-B. oranges )Ay. He is hungry. Give nim _ A. two breaaf 二、用所给名词的适当形式填空:C.apple to eat. . two D. twoD. pear隈却再黜1、of所有格及双重所有格2 .具体运用a.飞所有格类别构成方法例如有生命的单数名词加Smy sons pen有生命的复数名词以S结尾加the teachers The(child) are playing games on the playground now. office不以S结尾加飞wom

8、ens work the childrens homework表时间、距离、国家等 名词单数加San hours walk Chinas development复数加so many years practice表示几个人共同拥有在最后一个名词后加飞Tom and Jims room表示每个人各自拥有在每个名词后加飞Mikes and Johns desks【备注】表示“店铺”“某人家”“诊所”办公室”的名词所有格后，一般省去被修饰的地点名 词。ex： at the doctor (在诊所)；go to my uncle飞(去我叔叔家)。b. of所有格(1)表示无生命事物的名词一般用of所有格

9、。如：a leg of the table(2)of所有格有时也可以用于人或有生命的东西，表示所属关系，特别是当 这些所有者有较长的定语时。如：the name of the young manC. Childrens9is on May 9th.C.My motherss birthdayA. My mothers birthday B. My mothers5 birthday 5. This is my dictionary.A. sisters sB. sistefsC. sisterC.LucysC. KatesA. TomA. TomB. TomsC. him【中考磨炼】词语运用题

10、型：名词的考点失分点1：已选词但不知道将名词变为哪一种形式twenty(year)many(time)some(leaf)trees and(flower)one of those(book)our(life)in a different(way)the rest of the(money)a kind and(beauty) girla( sun) day失分点2:无法确定填名词所有格还是名词的数There is a nice picture in the little(girl) bedroom. She likes it very much【巩固练习】词语运用，根据每个句子选择适当语义的

11、单词，并注意最后的形式。help , confidence ,choice ,writer ,chance ,leaf, tooth, student,knife ,sheep, advantage, competitionWe should never give up, for good always hide somewhere aroundus, waiting for us to find them.1. There should be among us students, but more importantly, we should help each other and go f

12、orward together.2. Parents should keep their kids away from all kinds of, because they may make little kids seriously hurt.3. Doctors say that too much pressure is not good for a development,so parents shouldnt push their children too hard.4. I regard autumn to be the best season in a year. When it

13、comes, our world will become a fairyland with all shapes and colors of.6.1 seldom eat candy because the dentist told me that too much of it may destroy my really to our study.1. How many(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two(tooth) now.4. There is

14、 a lot of(water) in the bottle.5. There are five(people ) in his family.6. Lets take(photo), OK?7.1 have lots of(tomato) here.8. The(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.10. Their(dictionary) look new.11.1 see you have a few white(hair).12. They are(woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of(orange

15、), please?14. There are many(fox) in the picture.15.1 would like some apple(juice). I am very thirsty.1. Excuse me, where is the?A. mens roomB. mens* roomC. mens rooms2. Ifs about walk from my home.A. ten minutesB.ten minutes5C. ten minutes3. Its June 1st, its Day.A. ChildrensB.Childrens4. This year

16、,6. The room on the right is.A. herB. she7. My pen is black.is blue.A. KatesB. Kate8. The market isnt far from here. It5s only bicycle ride.A. Half an hoursB. half an hoursC. half an hour9. We will have a holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-dayC. two-days10. This is a book o

17、f .7. Roald Dahl was one of the most successful of childrens books. Hesold millions of books all over the world, and many of his books have been made into films and videos.8. Many people in this region raise animals as a source of income. You can often see chickens, pigs and on their farms.9. We can read from Sam*s eyes that he is a competitor. We believethat all his efforts will be paid off at last.10. Keeping good living habits brings us a fresh brain and a strong body, which is