新高一英语知识点 高一英语知识点归纳.doc

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1、新高一英语知识点 高一英语知识点归纳新高一英语知识点(一)1.be fond of “喜欢，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。Hes fond of swimming.他喜欢游泳。Are you fond of fresh vegetables.你喜欢新颖蔬菜吗?He is fond of his research work.他喜欢他的研究工作。2.hunt for = look for寻找I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。hunt for a job 找工作3.in order to/so as to：这两个词组都

2、可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to那么不能, 其否认形式为in order not to / so as not to.He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4.care about1) 喜欢，对.有兴趣 = care forShe doesnt care about money.她不喜欢钱。2)关心 = ca

3、re forShe thinks only of herself.She doesnt care about other people.她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。3)在乎，在意(接从句或不接任何成分)These young people care nothing about what old people might say.这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5.such as 意为“诸如.”，“像.”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。6.drop a line

4、 留下便条, 写封短信7.make yourself at home 别客气;随意;无拘谨If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.假如你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随意一点。8.stay up 不睡;熬夜(1) Ill be late home, dont stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。(2) He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9.e about 引起

5、;发生;产生(1)How did the accident e about?这场事故是怎么发生的?(2) They didnt know how the change had e about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10.e_cept for 除.之外(1) e_cept 与 e_cept for 的用法常有区别。e_cept 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：He answered all the questions e_cept the last one.除去最后一个，他答复了所有问题。We go there every day e_cept Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天

6、去那里。(2)e_cept for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：E_cept for one old lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。Your picture is good e_cept for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。(3)但在现代英语中，e_cept for也用于表示e_cept的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions e_cept for the last one.(4) 另外，在介词短语之前只能用e_cept，不能用e_cept for。W

7、e go to bed before ten, e_cept in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11.end up with 以.告终;以.完毕The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌完毕。12.more or less 几乎;差不多;大约;大概;大体上(1) Ive more or less succeeded, but they havent.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。(2) Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活程度或多或少进步了。13

8、.bring in 引进;引来;吸收(1) We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。(2) He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14.get away(from) 逃离(1)The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。(2)I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15.watch out (for)注意;留心(1)Wat

9、ch out! There is a car ing.小心!汽车来了。(2)Watch out for the hole in the road.注意路上的那个坑。16.see sb.off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17.on the other hand 另一方面(用以引出互相矛盾的观点、意见等，常说on the one hand .on the other hand一方面.另一方面)I know this job of mine isnt well paid, bu

10、t on the other hand I dont have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18.as well as 和，还He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19.take place 发生take ones place 入座、站好位置、获得地位take sbs place 或take the place of 代替、取代20.on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧;着火;起火”，有静态的含意

11、。catch fire有动态的含意。set.on fire/set fire to.用来表示“使.着火”、“放火烧.”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Lets go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮助救火吧。新高一英语知识点(二)21.on holiday 在度假，在休假中When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22.travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23.take off1)脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉He took off his wet shoes.他

12、脱下了湿鞋子。2)(飞机)起飞The plane took off on time.It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。3)匆匆分开The si_ men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆分开去公园。24.go wrong v.走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障25.in all adv.总共26.stay away v.外出27.look up 查询(如宾语为代词，那么代词放中间)Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。相关词

13、组：look for 寻找;look after照顾，照料; look forward to期待;look into调查; look on旁观;look out注意;look out for注意，留心，提防;look over翻阅，查看，检查;look around环视;look through翻阅，查看。28.run after追逐，追求If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29.on the air播送We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开场

14、播送。This programme es on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30.think highly/well/much of对.评价很高, 赞赏, 对.印象好He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。think badly/nothing/little/lowly of.认为不好, 好.不在意, 不赞成, 觉得.不怎么样I dont think much of him as a

15、teacher.我觉得他作为一个教师不怎么样。31.leave out1) 漏掉 You made a mistake-Youve left out a letter “t”.你出错了-你漏掉了一个字母t.2) 删掉, 没用 I havent changed or left out a thing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32.stare at (由于好奇、冲动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地)凝视，盯着看Dont stare at foreigners.Its impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。比拟：glare at (to stare angrily at)怒视着这两个小男孩

16、互相怒视着，随时准备开战。33.make jokes about 就.说笑They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。have a joke with .about.跟某人开关于某事的玩笑。He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。play a joke on.开某人的玩笑We played jokes on each other.我们互相开玩笑。v.joke about 取笑 They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34.take over 接收;接替

17、;继承what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接收(他的工作)。35.break down1) 破坏;拆散Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)据说

18、和谈破裂了。2)(机器)损坏 Our truck broke down outside town.我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。3) 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见消除了。4) 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失声痛哭。5) 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals.化学物质引起食物转化。36.get on ones feet1)站起来;站起来发言2)(

19、=stand on ones feet)自立, 经济上独立3)(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)37.go through1) 经历;经受;遭到These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。2) 完成;做完 I didnt want to go through college.我不想上完大学。3)通过;批准 The law has gone through Parliament.议会已经通过了这项法案。Their plans went through.他们的方案得到了批准。4)全面检查;搜

20、寻They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接收;接替;继承what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。39.break down1) 破坏;拆散Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful sub

21、stances.人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。The peace talks are said to have broken down.(喻)据说和谈破裂了。2)(机器)损坏 Our truck broke down outside town.我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。3) 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见消除了。4) 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失声痛哭。5) 起化学变化

22、 Food is broken down by chemicals.化学物质引起食物转化。新高一英语知识点(三)40.“So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的构造。此构造中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。假如上面一句是否认句，那么使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的构造。Hes tired，and so am I.(=I m also tired.)You can swim，and so can I.(=I can also swim.)She has had supper，and so can I.(=Ive had lunch

23、，too.)Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English，too.)A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)41.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”构造中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it

24、 was.确实如此。(=Yes，it was.)A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.(=Yes，I do.)A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.(=Yes ，it will.)42.“主语+do/does/did + so”构造指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my position on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy position on time.) 语文教

25、师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。43.So it is with.或 It is the same with.句型表示 “.(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示一样情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesnt play the piano, but she likes singing.So it is with my sister.44.There you are.行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。There you are! Then lets have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧(

26、果然如此)”的语气。There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。45.have some difficulty (in) doing sth.干某事有困难;接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗?She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。46.have a

27、good knowledge of sth.“掌握.”，“对.有某种程度的理解”He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所理解。A good knowledge of languages is always useful.47.Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词a。Youre sure to have some fun at th

28、e party tonight.今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such astrange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj.“可笑的，滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his fathers jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。48.It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是

29、一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。49.直接引语和间接引语(1)直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)He told me he had broken my CD player.Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”(如今完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said she had lost a book.Mum said, “Ill go to see a friend.”(一般将来时改成过去

30、将来时)Mum said she would go to see a friend.过去完成时保存原有的时态He said, “We hadnt finished our homework.”He said they hadnt finished their homework.注意 直接引语是客观真理，过去进展时，时态不变。(2)在直接引语变间接引语时，假如从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”Mary said her brother was and engineer

31、.(3)直接引语假如是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”He asked Mike whether/if he could run.(4)直接引语假如是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.He asked him to pass her the water.(5)直接引语假如是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“su

32、ggest+动名词或从句”的构造。如：She said, “Lets go to the cinema.”She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.50.如今进展时表将来的动作如今进展时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：e, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进展时后不能再接详细的时间。(1)用如今进展时表示将来，指的是近期的，按方案或安排要发生的动作。(2)如今进展时表示将来与表示正在进展

33、的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do)如：go, e, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。The train is arriving soon.火车就要进站了。He is reading a novel.他在看小说。(3)用如今进展时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。(4)如今进展时与一般如今时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者那么是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随意改变的。What are you doing ne_t Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么?The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。第 19 页 共 19 页