山东建筑大学大学英语（本科）（B卷）期末考试复习题.docx

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1、大学英语（本科）（B卷）期末考试复习题及参考答案I. Vocabulary & Structure （30 points, 1 point for each）Directions: For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one.版权所有： 超越高度Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only they need.A. where B. whichC. when D. whatShe

2、d like to offer money to needs it to continue his or herstudy.A. who B. whomC. whoever D. whomeverIf you are admitted to a key university,as a prize? I m looking for a cell phone.A. What you expect your father will offer youB. Do you expect whatyourfather willofferyouC. What do you expectwillyour fa

3、therofferyouD. What do you expectyourfather willofferyouYesterday he sold out all his stamps at he thought was a reasonableprice.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. aswe have seen seems more believable thanwe have seen seems more believable thanB. what; whatD. that; that1. Generally speaking, we have been told

4、.A. what; thatC. that; whatAfter three days waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother smind A. how7. Energy is A. what8. We d like A. how; help C. whatever;9. My parents A. whichthe police could find her lost child.8. thatC. where makes things work.8. everythingC. somethingto dowe canhelpusedB

5、. all whatD. whetherD. anything the poor.8. all; to helpD. however; to help they had to get a new car for my brother.C. what10. We give them quizzes （测试）on BritainD.不填 and allow themto A. surf11. The place A. Whichthe Net.B. whereC.interested meB. where12. Do you know the manC.9*save most was whatD.

6、 addressthe Children，s Palace.D. in whichA. whom I spoke B. to who spokeA. whom I spoke B. to who spokeC. I spoke to D. that I spokeThis is the hotel last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayedDo you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was

7、 founded?A. which15 .That is the A. which16 .The factory A. whereB. thatC. whenday I5 11 never forget.D. on whichB. on whichC. in whichD. whenwe，11 visit next week is not far from here.B. to whichC. whichD. in whichGreat changes have taken place since then in the factory we areworking.A. where B. th

8、atC. which D. thereThis is one of the best filmsA. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked19. Can you lend me the bookA. about which you talkedC. about that you talked20. The pen he is writingA. with which B. in whichthe other day?B. which

9、 you talkedD. that you talked is mine.C. on which D. by which21. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well boys to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. been encouragedC. being encouragedD. be encouraged, a man who expresses himself effec

10、tively is sure to succeed more rapidly thana man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equalB. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal22. All things , the planned trip will have to be called off.A. consideredB. be considered C. considering

11、D. havingconsidered23. The house was very quiet, as it was on the side of a mountain. A. isolated B. isolating C. being isolated D. having been isolatedThis crop has similar qualities to the previous one, bothwind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.A. beingB. beenC. to beD. having beenHe

12、 is no one to to rules and regulations blindly.A. form B. conform C. informD. performWhy does the space shuttle those long streams of flame and smoke?A. emission B. permitC. permission D. emitIt is against for a mother to hurt her children.A. natureB. naturalistC. inheritance D.determinationAfter sp

13、ending several hours trying to find out the lost companion, we finally him down in a public house.A. trailedB. trackedC. caughtD. tracedI to answer this question.A. suggested B. avoidedC. hesitated D. approvedIL Cloze: Put in the missing words. The first letter in each blank has beengiven. (10 point

14、s, 1 point for each)Nowadays the number of netizens in China is getting larger and 1) 1, About 40% of them are teenagers. The main reasons 2)w teenagers 3) s the Web are to get useful information, 4)w their knowledge, 5) c with others, and relax in their 6) s_ time. It is 7) c than phoning somebody

15、far away and also much quicker. Nearly one-third of young 8) n surf the internet for fun. They like to listen to 9) m, watch films, and go to their 10) f stars website.III. Reading comprehension (30 points, 2points for each) Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Who talks mo

16、re, women or men? The seemingly conflicting evidence is resolved by the difference between what I call public and private speaking. More men feel comfortable doing public speaking while more women feel comfortable doing private speaking.Another way of capturing these differences is by using the term

17、s report-talk and rapport-talk. For most women, the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport: a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their friends who

18、try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home, or in places where they feel at home 一一 with one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable with - in other words, during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like

19、 private speaking.For most women, talk is primarily a means to preserve independence and negotiate and maintain status in a hierarchical (等级制度的)social order. This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill, and by holding center stage through verbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or convey

20、ing information. From childhood, men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention. Therefore, they are more comfortable speaking in larger groups made up of people they know less well, in the broadest sense, “public speaking. But even the most private situations can be approached like pub

21、lic speaking, more like giving a report than establishing rapport.1. A similar term for private talking is.A. report-talkB. rapport-talkC. persuasive talkD. womens talk2. When women talk, they tend to.A. admire their friends who stand out B. make others feel at homeapproach public situations like pr

22、ivate talkingC. seek close relationship with other speakers 3. Men talk in order to.A. make new friendsB. share experienceargue with othersD. attract attention4. The purpose of this passage is to . A. contrast the male and female talking styles B. prove that men talk more effectively than women C. a

23、nalyze why men and women are differentdraw people，s attention to the difference between men and women 5. Which of the following is true?A. Men talk more than women.B. Men feel more comfortable making a public speech than women.C. Men are more knowledgeable than women.D. Men are more independent than

24、 women.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.The best example of how associations influence eating is that we often eat not because we re hungry but because its lunchtime, because foods smell good, or because our friends are eating.More evidence that associations influence

25、eating comes from marketing and advertising pressures to sell foods by offering huge servings. For example, movie theatres offer an extra large box of popcorn（爆玉米花）， which, at almost 900 calories, is equivalent to a major meal. Health professionals warn that as children, adolescents （青少 年），and adult

26、s learn to prefer large portions and tasty foods highin fat, sugar, and calories, there has been a corresponding increase in rates of being overweight（from 25% in 1988 to 35% in 1998）. Researchers are especially concerned about the continued rates of overweight and obesity（月巴胖）in children since chil

27、dhood obesity is very difficult to treat and an obese child has a high probability of becoming an obese adult with the associated health risks we discussed earlier.Health professionals suggest that to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to try hard to forget many of ou

28、r food associations, which primarily involves decreasing size of food portions, increasing levels of activity to burn off excess calories.6. The influence of food association can not be seen clearly from the example that we often eat NOT because.A. its time for lunchwe re hungryB. foods smell delici

29、ousour friends are eating7. From the passage we can infer that the serving in the second paragraph mostprobably means.A. an amount of fooda special serviceB. a mealsome calories8. According to the author, because of an unhealthy food preference, the increase in rates of being overweight was during t

30、he ten years from 1988 to 1998.A. 10 per cent B. 20 per cent C. 30 per cent D. 40 per centAccording to the passage, an obese child is .A. less at risk of heart diseaseshealthily fatB. very hard to get along withmore likely to become an obese adult9. In order to avoid future increases in rates of ove

31、rweight and obesity, we need to do all the following EXCEPT .A. make an effort to forget our food associationeat less foodB. do more exercise to consume excess calorieseat more fruitPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Labor force is defined as being the total number of

32、 people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the selfemployed. Labor is one of the countrys resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted b

33、y the community. Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high propor

34、tion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly, i. e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases th

35、e proportion in the workforce declines.Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The p

36、opulation is top-heavy（头 重联口轻） with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and

37、there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes,

38、finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax revenue is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.11. Labor force is ref

39、erred to as people who are available to work and earn incomeA. self-employed people onlyonly those who are looking for an employmentB. only the employersAccording to the passage, which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an influence on the size of the workforce?A. The size of the populatio

40、n.B. The age distribution of the population.C. The national economy.D. The number of births and deaths.12. The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that .A. a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforcea large population does no

41、t necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforceB. the larger the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforceif the population has an evenly spread age distribution, the workforce will be lower13. When a population is said to aging,.A. there are more people reti

42、ring than those entering the workforce.B. the birth rate must be growingthere should be an oversupply of workforceC. young people outnumber old peopleThe population which is top-heavy with older people exerts pressure on A. the employersB. the self-employedC. the young people D. the economy of the c

43、ountryIV Translation (30 points, 15 points for each passage) Directions: Please translate the two passages into Chinese.Passage AThe study concluded that “the happiest people were the biggest givers, no matter what they earned”, and always felt better donating to charities and giving to others than

44、splurging on themselves. People who go on adventures, try new experiences, and switch up their routines are generally happier, research has shown. Trying new things also keeps motor function sharp and stimulate brain waves.Passage BThe narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the

45、walls were dirty with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. Youd better sit down, “ he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects I had taken in my General School Certificate; how old I was; what games I played

46、; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boys education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.2021-202

47、2学年第1学期大学英语B卷评分标准Part I.共30分（130题，每题1分，选对得1分，选错或不选该小题不 得分）Part II,共10分（1-10题，每题1分，写对得1分，有任何错误那么本空不 得分）Part III.共30分（15题，每题2分，选对得2分，选错或不选该小题不 得分）Part IV.共30分（两个段落，每段15分）A：句子全部译完，没有遗漏，对句意理解没有错误；语言表达流畅，没有或仅 有个别不重要的小错误。（13-15分）B：句子基本译出，可能有个别不重要的遗漏，或一两处误译之类，除此之外， 对句子的理解没有大的错误；语言表达基本通顺，但可能有语法错误或几处 拼写错误。（9

48、T2分）C：句子大局部遗漏；或者原句的局部意思虽然译出来了，但不符合英语习惯或 有严重语法或句式错误，行文不通顺，拼写错误较多。（5-8分）D：句子内容没有翻译或所写英语与句子意思毫无关联。（0分）2021-2022学年第1学期大学英语B卷参考答案I. Vocabulary & Structure (30 points, 1 point for each)1-5 DCDCB; 6-10 DABCA ； 11-15 ACDCA16-20 CAAAA； 21-25CAAAA； 26-30 BDABCIL Cloze: Put in the missing words. The first letter in each blank has been given.(10 points, 1 point for each)1. larger 2. why 3. surf 4. widen 5. communicate 6. spare 7. cheaper 8. netizens 9. music 10. favoriteIII . Reading comprehension (30 points, 2points for eac