北京市平谷中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷.docx

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1、北京市平谷中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷平谷中学 2020-2021 学年度其次学期期中教学检测 高二英语 2021.05 本试卷共 8 页，100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。 第一部分：学问运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节 语法填空 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A However, not all advertising is about selling produc

2、ts and services for a profit. Some advertisements nowadays aim 1 (make) a contribution to society and welfare. For example, there are public advertisements, 2 encourage citizens to participate in improving their neighborhood, protecting the environment, and helping other people. Over the last decade

3、, the government 3 (sponsor) advertisements to educate the public 4 fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc. These advertisements have helped to increase public knowledge about topics that used to be ignored by most people and this has made our society a better place fo

4、r everyone B Good afternoon, everyone In todays lecture well be discussing education. The questions we often ask about education are: what is education? And what are the main 5 (objective) for students to receive education? Well. what is education? Education comes from the Latin for to “lead“. So, w

5、hen you are educated you 6 (lead) from one place to another including physical, moral, mental or academic. It is a process of 7 (facilitate) learning or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, attitudes and habits C While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you 8 well you

6、use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is 1Q that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. 9 (support) by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someones future success, their character, a

7、s measured by EQ tests, might 10 (actual) matter more than their IQ 其次节 完形填空 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，驾驭其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。On a freezing January morning, Jonny Benjamin, then a 20-year-old college student, climbed on the edge of Waterloo Bridge in London. That morn

8、ing, Jonny 11 from a mental health hospital, where hed been diagnosed(诊断) with a severe disease. He headed straight to the 12 , convinced that his disease was a life sentence. Hundreds of people passed by. Only one man called Neil Laybourn, then 25, 13 and quietly walked to Jonnys side. “Youre alrig

9、ht, man? Why are you sitting on a bridge?” At first Jonny wanted Neil to leave him 14 , but something in Neils calm, down-to-earth manner touched him. Jonny felt 15 , like he could talk to him. “Its cold here. Why not have some coffee in a warm cafe? Everything will be OK.” For the first time after

10、the diagnosis Jonny felt perhaps it really might. He walked back. The police, having received calls from passers-by, were waiting there. They quickly put him into a police car, 16 he was to panic and jump. He lost sight of Neil, the person whod brought him hope. Jonny ended up back in hospital. Even

11、tually, he was well enough to return to university and finish his degree. Over the next six years, Jonny often thought about the 17 who had talked him round. 18 to thank him in person, he posted a Facebook message nicknaming the good man Mike. His Find-Mike post was 19 millions of times around the w

12、orld, as far as Canada. Jonny was overexcited when Neil called him two weeks after his post. They had a reunion, finally having that coffee they had first planned all those years ago. “Many people walked past, but because of Neils 20 and sympathy, Ive lived a good life.” Jonny said. 11. A. called B.

13、 heard C. escaped D. recovered 12. A. bridge B. hotel C. college D. clinic 13. A. nervously B. bravely C. anxiously D. calmly 14. A. out B. alone C. aside D. off 15. A. passion B. happiness C. power D. faith 16. A. in case B. now that C. so that D. even though 17. A. friend B. doctor C. stranger D.

14、policeman 18. A. Afraid B. Ashamed C. Surprised D. Eager 19. A. shared B. praised C. opened D. published 20. A. courage B. kindness C. patience D. devotion 其次部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸 上将该项涂黑。A If you are looking for a place to eat in Calgar

15、y, youve got a variety of choices, like Italian, Thai, Mexican, modern comfort food, and vegetarian cuisine. For anyone that wants to narrow down their must-eat list, here are the best restaurants in Calgary. Foreign Concept ADDRESS: 10111 St SW, Calgary, AB T2R, Canada PHONE: 403-719-7289 Foreign C

16、oncept is run by award-winning chef Duncan Ly and chef Hyungjae Lim. Serving modern Asian cuisine, the dishes take their inspiration from Lys Vietnamese roots and Lims Korean background. No matter what you order, dishes always emphasize seasonal and local ingredients(食材). Bold flavors wont disappoin

17、t you at Foreign Concept！ Alumni Sandwiches ADDRESS：72517 Ave SW, Calgary, AB T2S, Canada PHONE：403-455-7257 The simple sandwich isnt so ordinary anymore at Alumni Sandwiches. The place is friendly and inviting, and there are always around 10 sandwich flavours available, so whether youre a vegetaria

18、n, meat eater, picky eater, or prepared for a fancy dinner, something on the menu is sure to appeal to you. Dont miss the Caesar salad, made with whatever greens happen to be in season. Bow Valley Ranche Restaurant ADDRESS: 15979 Bow Bottom Trail SE, Calgary, AB T2J, Canada PHONE: 403-476-1311 If it

19、s fine dining youre looking for, Bow Valley Ranche Restaurant is one of your best choices in Calgary. The food is always excellent and the setting is equally impressive. Only a short drive from Calgarys downtown, Bow Valley puts emphasis on Canadian produce and proteins, from Rocky Mountain game mea

20、ts(野味) to seasonal vegetables. Rouge ADDRESS：12408 Ave SE, Calgary, AB T2G, Canada PHONE：403-531-2765 Less than a ten-minute drive from downtown, Rouge is an award-winning restaurant set in a historic house in Calgarys Inglewood neighborhood. The menu here puts the focus firmly on fresh, seasonal in

21、gredients, highlighting their natural beauty. Many of those ingredients are grown in the on-site garden, making the dishes even more special. 21. A man who likes Asian cuisine may prefer to eat at . A. Alumni Sandwiches B. Rouge C. Bow Valley Ranche Restaurant D. Foreign Concept 22. According to the

22、 passage, Alumni Sandwiches . A. provides fruit salads B. offers different choices C. uses Rocky Mountain produce D. is set in a friendly historic house 23. In what way are the four restaurants similar? A. They use seasonal ingredients. B. All their chefs have won awards. C. They are not far from do

23、wntown. D. Their settings are equally friendly. B Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies. By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in t

24、he UK for 15 years. He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. As one of the worlds leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang was invited to participate in the “Thousand Talent” program

25、me. He took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun. Huang was named lead scientist on Chinas deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earths crust(外壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes pa

26、ying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a “lunatic” (a “madman”), but this passion and drive enabled Huang to push forwards Chinas deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huangs devotion contributed to Chinas lunar probe(月球探测器) Yutu being landed on the m

27、oon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecrafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016. Huangs health also paid the price for his commitment to his work. He began having fainting fits(昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor his work always came first

28、. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued h

29、is work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short. 24. Huang returned to China in 2008 because . A. he d

30、esired to devote himself to his motherland B. the “Thousand Talent” program attracted him C. Jilin University offered him a top position D. he wasnt satisfied with the life in the UK 25. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Chinas aerospace development. B. Huangs working attitude and style. C. Huang

31、s great contributions to China. D. Chinas deep earth exploration technology. 26. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. The working environment caused Huangs disease. B. Huang worked continuously despite his poor health. C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012. D. A large

32、 sum of money was paid to treat Huangs illness. 27. Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian? A. Generous and honest. B. Passionate and patient. C. Modest and courageous. D. Patriotic and committed. C Improve Cloud Security Sensitive customer data has constantly been found exposed

33、 on cloud servers without password protection. To ease the problem, database software makers have been trying to make security easier for cloud database managers. At the Enigma Conference in San Francisco, Kenn White, a security manager at database software maker MongoDB, will describe a new techniq

34、ue, called field level encryption(字段级加密), to make data safer on the cloud. Field level encryption works by scrambling data before its sent to a cloud database and rearranging it in order when the data is needed for use. The promise of the product is to protect the contents of a cloud database, even

35、if bad guys access it. MongoDBs new feature comes as more and more companies move user data to cloud servers, rather than run their own costly data centers. It was predicted that cloud computing would be a $214 billion industry by the end of 2019. That would be up more than 17% from 2018, when it wa

36、s $182 billion. Companies have rushed to the cloud without understanding all of the possible security consequences. Many companies have left countless databases exposed, revealing personal data. A database containing details about who lives in 80 million US households was left unprotected in 2019, j

37、ust like the data on Facebook users. Database managers want to store their data in an unreadable form, but they also want to be able to find specific pieces of information in the database with a simple search term. For example, someone might want to look up health care patients by their Social Secur

38、ity numbers, even if those numbers are stored as random characters. To make this possible, field level encryption lets database managers encrypt a search term on their machine and send it to the database as a query(搜寻词条). The database matches the encrypted version of the search term with the record

39、its storing and then sends it back to you. This approach only works with specific kinds of data. For example, field level encryption isnt useful for long text entries, like notes in a patients medical chart, because you cant search for individual words. Still, for data like account numbers, password

40、s and government ID numbers, field level encryption protects data and maintains a usable database. Most importantly, White said, its simple to set up. Database managers turn it on with a one-time configuration(配置) change when they set up the database.“Thats really powerful,” he said in an interview.

41、 28. The underlined word “scrambling” in paragraph 2 probably means _. A. mixing B. collecting C. hiding D. storing 29. What can field level encryption do? A. Secure the safety of Internet pages. B. Protect files with a unique style of storage. C. Stop bad guys from accessing the database. D. Enable

42、 companies to store files on the cloud. 30. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Companies should move user data to cloud servers. B. Cloud computing achieved a 17% increase in 2019. C. Companies may be unaware of the risks of the cloud. D. No companies were willing to run their own data center

43、s. 31. The author wrote the passage mainly to _. A. present some facts B. offer security advice C. introduce a technique D. recommend a product D After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performan

44、ce curiosity and discontent, I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying w

45、eights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?” Fortunately, curiosity and discontent dont have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. “The great

46、man,”said Mencius (孟子) “is he who does not lose his childs heart,”Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark,

47、to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. How should you start

48、? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldnt arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it.Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You havent any special a

49、bility?. Most people dont. There are only a few geniuses. You havent any time? Thats good, because its always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Toms Cabin while cooking. Youre too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. However you start, remember there is