2022年高一英语暑假作业Day 07 Morals and virtues- 练主题词汇 句法与写作 （解析版）.docx

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1、2022年高一英语暑假作业Day 07 Morals and virtues 练主题词汇、阅读素养、句法与写作【格言佳句】( Virtue never grows old.美德常青。【英语名家谈英语学习 梅仁毅】 7要学好英语，就要对语言本身及语言所传达的各种文化信息感兴趣。当你读到或听到别人用简洁的英语表达深奥的思想时，兴奋不已，立即 记住，这就说明你已对语言产生了兴趣。没有这种兴趣，难以在语言学 习中登堂入室。学习英语从一开始就要重视语音、语调。发音、语调、重音、停顿,不求完美，但要基本正确。否那么，将影响听力及口语，从而使语言失去 交流的功能。简易读物对打好基础极有用，要多读。一是数量要

2、多，至少读四十本。二是要重复读，选出十至十五本，读三遍，把读到的许多问题印在一 脑子中。设想-一下，别人能用一千五百到两千词汇写出几十本书来，如果 能把这些表达方式掌握住，能够表达多少内容！基础过关练 在基础阶段后期，或高年级，要努力背诵名篇，譬如说，背50-100 篇。无论从语言还是内容来说，这都是精华。背熟了，对了解西方文化,I.道德与美德话题词浏颗熊文字的运用都有好处。1.n,善良2.n,谦虚3.n.勤奋4.n.老实5.adj.有帮助的6.adj.热心的7.adj.有同情心的8.adj.慷慨的星期天气学习日历9.n.勇敢10.adj.勤劳的11.n.智慧13 the life of my

3、 children!”Each of us has a moral duty to offer help, wipe tears, listen carefully and repair all the “hole” we 14 inour life journey, because a small act will make a big15 in the future.1. A. rulersB. knivesC. brushesD. pens2. A. noticedB. heardC.sensedD. felt3. A. paintB. moneyC. brushD. fish4. A.

4、 boughtB. threwC. soldD. offered5. A. surprisedB. disappointedC. embarrassedD. happy6. A. chairB. holeC. paddleD. picture7. A. hugeB.rudeC. greatD. small8. A. stoppedB. regrettedC. forgotD. remembered9. A. driedB. returnedC. preparedD. completed10. A. rewardedB. sharedC. returnedD. drove11. A. hopel

5、essB. disappointedC. excitedD. careless12. A. beliefB. worryC.sadnessD. relief13. A. hurtB.savedC. brokeD. designed14. A. come afterB. come fromC. come intoD. come across15. A. achievementB. differenceC. processD. progress【答案】l.C 2.A3.B4.D5. A6. B7. D8.C9. A10. C 11. A 12. D 13. B14. D 15. B【语篇分析】这是

6、一篇记叙文。讲述了一个油漆工在给船喷漆时顺手修复了他发现的洞，这挽救了主人的孩子，他获得 了主人的高额报酬，告诉人们有时候一个小小的举动往往能产生重大影响。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个男人受雇给一艘船喷漆，他带了油漆和刷子开始按照主人所想进行喷绘。A. rulers尺子；B. knives小刀；C. brushes刷子，毛笔；D. pen钢笔。根据常识，喷漆需要颜料和刷子。故 选C项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：喷漆时，他注意到船身有一个洞并决定修复它。A. noticed注意到；B. heard听 见；C. sensed 意识到；D. felt 感觉到。根据“there

7、was a hole in the body of the boat and decided to repair it. ” 可知，这个男人在喷漆时无意间观察到这个洞。应选A项。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：结束工作后，他收到了工钱并离开了。A. paint颜料，油漆；B. money钱；C. brush 刷子，毛笔；D. fish鱼。根据前文，他是受雇工作的，且后文提到“You，ve already paid me for painting the boat, sir!”（先生，您已经付过我钱了）可知，他收到的是钱。应选B项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，主人来看船并主动

8、给了他一张支票。A. bought买；B. threw扔，投； C. sold 卖；D. offered 主动给。根据后句“This is not for the paintjob. Its fbr repairing the in the boat.”（这不是因为喷漆的工作，而是因为修补船上的洞）可知，主动又主动额外付了一笔钱。应选D项。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：支票的金额比工钱高得多，油漆工感到惊讶。Asurprised骄傲的，自豪的； B. disappointed沮丧的，失望的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.happy开心的。根据后句他告诉主人他已经支 付过工钱了可

9、知，他为此感到惊讶。应选A项。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是因为油漆的工作，而是因为您修补了船上的洞。A. chair椅子；B. hole 洞；C.paddle桨；船桨；D. picture图片。根据前文可知男人在发现洞的时候进行了修复，因此主人为此额 外支付了酬劳，应选B项。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，您为如此小的事情支付我高的酬劳是不值得的。A. huge巨大的；B. rude 粗鲁的；C. great 大的；D. small 小的。根据最后一段because a small act will make a big in the fbture”（因为一个小的举动

10、会产生重大影响）可知，文章主要在强调微小举动的积极影响，油漆工认为自己只是做 了一件小事，但是根据老板的解释，这救了他孩子的性命，应选D项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我请您为我的船喷漆时，我忘记提到那个洞了。A. stopped停止；B. regretted 后悔；C forgot忘记；D. remembered记住。根据语境主人并没有告知喷漆工船身有一个洞，他忘记了，故 选C项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当油漆干的时候，我的孩子坐上它去钓鱼了。A.dried变干；B.returned返回， 归还；C. prepared准备；D pleted完成。根据常识可知，喷漆之后等

11、油漆干了，孩子们才坐上它去钓 鱼。应选A项。【1。题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回来的时候，我注意到他们带走了船。A. rewarded奖励，报酬；B. shared 提供；C. returned归还,返回；D.drove驾驶。根据前句“I was not at home at the time（那时候我不在家） 可知，后来主人回到家并注意到了此事。应选C项。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我回来的时候，我注意到他们拿走了船，我感到绝望。A. hopeless没有希 望的，绝望的；B. disappointed失望的；C. excited感到激动的；D. careless粗心的

12、。显然，得知孩子们坐 有洞的船去钓鱼，作为父亲的心情此时是绝望的，应选A项。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下当我看到我的孩子们从钓完鱼平安返回时我的宽慰和喜悦。A. belief 信念；B. worry担忧；C.sadness悲伤；D. relief （不快之后的）宽慰，（焦虑、痛苦等的）消除。根据语境在 我感到绝望时看到孩子们平安回来了，心里的石头终于落地，焦虑消除。应选D项。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你现在明白你所做的了吧？你挽救了我的孩子们的生命。A. hurt伤害；B. saved 挽救；C.broke打破；D. designed设计。根据语境孩子们最终平安归

13、来可知，喷漆工的举动挽救了孩子们 的性命。应选B项。【14题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在人生的旅程中，我每个人都有道德义务去提供帮助，拭去眼泪，仔细聆 听并修复我们遇到的所有“洞”，因为一个小的举动在未来会产生重大影响。A. come after后于到来；B. come from来自；C e into进入；D. come across偶遇，偶然发现。由油漆工修复他遇到的船身的洞有感 而发，每个人都应该修复生命中遇到的“漏洞 应选D项。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：在人生的旅程中，我每个人都有道德义务去提供帮助，拭去眼泪，仔细 聆听并修复我们遇到的所有“洞”，因为一个小的举

14、动在未来会产生重大影响。A. achievement成就；B.difference不同；C.process过程；D. progress进步。make a difference产生影响，起作用。根据前文油漆工 一个小小的举动挽救了生命，产生了重大影响可知，应选B项。I二拓展练vm.书面表达。学校举办了“美德少年”评选活动。请根据以下提示，以“Be a Virtue Teenager”为题，用英语写一篇建议 书，号召大家积极争做“美德少年”，内容包括：1 .在学校：学习知识，爱运动等；2 .在家里：与家人交流，做家务等；3 .在社会：助人为乐等；要求：1 .文中不得出现真实的人名或地名；2 .语言

15、通顺，条理清楚，书写规范；3 .耍点齐全，内容可适当发挥；4 .词数：100字左右。Be a Virtue Teenager【参考范文】Be a Virtue TeenagerTeenagers are the future of our motherland. What should we do to become a virtue teenager of our city?At school, we should study hard and form good learning habits. In our spare time, we can do regular exercise t

16、o build up a good body. Its our duty to help parents do some housework and we should be thankful for what our parents have done for us. Parents will be happier if we can communicate more with them. In the society, we must assist people in need as possible as we can.I sincerely hope everyone can join

17、 us and try to be a virtue teenager.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。青少年是祖国的未来。要求考生以“Be a Virtue Teenager”为题，用英语写一篇倡 议书，号召大家积极争做“美德少年工【详解】.词汇积累培养：develop一fbrm帮助：help一assist空闲时间：leisure timespare time 感激的：gratefulthankful,句式拓展合并简单句原句： Teenagers are the future of our motherland. What should we do to become a virtu

18、e teenager of our city? 拓展句：Since teenagers are the future of our motherland, what should we do to become a virtue teenager of our city?【点睛】高分句型 1 Parents will be happier if we can communicate more with them.（运用 了 if 引导条件状语从句） 高分句型 2 I sincerely hope everyone can join us and try to be a virtue teena

19、ger.（运用 了 省略 that 的宾语从句）12 .v.鞠躬.v.鼓舞13 .n.洞察力.adj.有担当的14 .n.奉献；献身3. diligence 4. honesty 5. helpful 6. warm-hearted【答案】1. kindness / goodness 2. modesty7. sympathetic 8. generous 9. courage7. sympathetic 8. generous 9. courage10. hardworking 11. wisdom 12. bow13. inspire 14. insight 15. responsible

20、 16. devotion / commitment n.单词拼写1. In modern society, punctuality is a necessary.（美德）【答案】virtue【解析】考查名词。句意：在现代社会，守时是必要的美德。分析句子结构可知，空处为表语，空前是形容词，要 用名词形式，美德“virtue”，根据a可知，用可数名词单数。故填virtue。2. Youth is so（珍贵的）that we cant afford to waste it.答案precious / valuable / priceless【解析】考查形容词。句意：青春珍贵无比，我们浪费不起。分析

21、句子结构，设空处需填形容词作表语，被副词SO 修饰，根据汉语提示珍贵的”可知，设空处可填precious、valuable或priceless。故填precious、valuable或 priceless o3. Hes trying to save their（婚姻）【答案】marriage【解析】考查名词。句意：他正在努力挽救他们的婚姻。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用名词marriage,表示“婚 姻。作动词save的宾语，且此处“他们的婚姻”指的是一次婚姻，应用单数。故填marriage。4. No wonder the Internet has now become the first

22、 place that the（大多数）of people turn to for information.【答案】majority【解析】考查名词。句意：难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人获取信息的首选途径。根据汉语提示“大多数”可知， 空格处应用单词“majority”，意为“大多数”，为可数名词，“the majority of.为固定短语，意为“大多数.二 故填 majority o5. All these bikes by the road are for（租用）.【答案】hire【解析】考查名词。句意：所有这些路边的自行车都是出租的。分析句子可知，设空处为介词for的宾语，应用名 词，

23、根据汉语提示，故填hire。6. The（退休的）worker is sitting in the sunshine.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】retired【解析】考查形容词。句意：这位退休工人正坐在阳光下。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是形容词“retired”，在 句中作名词“worker”的定语。故填retiredo7.1 refuse to lie about it, for its against my（原那么）.（根据汉语意思单词拼写）【答案】principle【解析】考查名词。句意：我拒绝在这件事上说谎，因为这违反了我的原那么。根据汉语提示“原那么”可知应填名词 princ

24、iple,作宾语，可用单数也可用复数。故填principle。8. Callie will start（幼儿园）in September.【答案】kindergarten【解析】考查名词。句意：Callie将于9月开始上幼儿园。start kindergarten是常见搭配，意为“开始上幼儿园”。 故填 kindergarten o9.1 balanced the benefits against the costs of medical（保险）【答案】insurance【解析】考查名词。句意：我平衡了医疗保险的费用和福利。the costs 0fmedical 是名词所有格结构，此处用名词形

25、式作宾语，名词insurance （保险）符合句意。故填insurance。10. In a small（咖啡馆），a woman who was（怀孕的）felt uncomfortable suddenly. Everyone present offered their（帮助）and especially, a（女月艮务员）,who knew some basic knowledge about first（救治）.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】 cafe pregnant assistance waitress aid【解析】考查名词和形容词。句意：在一家小咖啡馆里，一位孕妇突然感到不舒服

26、。在场的每个人都给予了帮助， 尤其是一位懂得一些基本急救知识的女服务员。cafe咖啡馆，前有不定冠词a,所以用单数形式；“怀孕的二 用形容词pregnant,再句中作表语；帮助用名词assistance,为不可数名词；“女服务员”用名词waitress, 前有不定冠词a,所以用单数形式；“救治”用名词aid,根据前面first可知用单数形式。故填cafe; pregnant; assistance; waitress; aid。HL用所给词的适当形式填空This complicated rule can be（illustrate） by a simple scientific experim

27、ent.【答案】illustrated【解析】考查过去分词。句意：这个复杂的规律可以用一个简单的科学实验来说明。用例如说明为“illustrate”主语 This complicated rule和谓语动词illustrate是被动关系，结合情态动词can可知，用情态动词的被动语态(can be done) , illustrate 用过去分词形式。故填 illustrated。1. “Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother(complain), thinking of the high tuition f

28、ees.【答案】complained【解析】考查动词。句意：“找到一个好丈夫应该是他们的归宿！ ”想到高额的学费，她的哥哥抱怨道。根据汉语提 示“抱怨及句子结构可知，此处应用动词complain作谓语，根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用 一般过去时，故用其过去式。故填complained。3(response) to our advertisement have been disappointing.【答案】Responses【解析】考查名词。句意：对我们广告的反响令人失望。根据汉语提示及空格后的t。可知，此处是固定短语response to对 的反响“，结合后文的our可知，此处应用r

29、esponse的复数形式，在句中作主语。故填Responses。 4. Tve been(reject)by all the universities I applied to.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】rejected【解析】考查动词。句意:我申请的所有大学都拒绝了我。根据汉语提示可知，reject/refuse拒绝，动词作谓语，符 合题意，主语I与谓语为被动关系，所以本句谓语动词使用现在完成时态的被动语态：have been done,所 以空处谓语动词需用过去分词rejectedo故填reject05.1 have a(tend) to talk too much when Im

30、nervous.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】tendency【解析】考查名词。句意：当我紧张时，我有说很多话的倾向。根据所给的汉语提示“倾向”和空格前的冠词a可知, 此处应用名词单数形式，“倾向”的英语是tendency,故填tendency。IV.根据汉语提示完成句子.人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念伟大诗人屈原。People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival of Qu Yuan, who was a great Chinese poet.【答案】inmemory/honor【解析】考查介词短语。表示“为了纪念“为介词短语in memory of或mhono

31、r of,故空1填in；空2填 memory/honor o1 .突然，我的同桌流着泪跑出了教室。Suddenly my seatmate ran out of the classroom.【答案】in tears【解析】考查短语。in tears流着泪。根据句意,故填in tearso2 .当疲劳的时候人们往往容易犯错。People make mistakes when they are tired.【答案】 tend to【解析】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，句中陈述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，空格处涉 及固定短语“tend to do sth二 意为“往往会做某事，倾向

32、于做某事“，句子主语“People”为集合名词，故“tend” 应用原形，空格处应填“tend to。故填tendto。3 .我已经花了大量时间提升我的数学。I have spent improving my maths.答案a great deal of time【解析】考查固定搭配。根据句意可知,此处应填“大量时间”,应用a great deal of time。故填a great deal of time。4 .当被问及工作安排时，许多人喜欢更灵活的工作时间。When asked about their work schedules, many people preferred work

33、 hours.【答案】more flexible【解析】考查形容词。根据句意表示“灵活的可知应用形容词flexible,作定语修饰work hours,此处应用比拟级形 式，flexible为多音节词，比拟级在前面加more。故填more flexible。5 .如果你被蚊子咬伤应怎样做？What should you do if you by mosquitoes?【答案】are bitten【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你被蚊子咬伤应怎样做？根据汉语提示可知，此处应用动词bite,由语境可知，此 处表示被动意义，动词应用过去分词形式，与are构成被动语态形式，表被动，故填are bitten

34、。V.现在分词作状语专练.政府、组织、公司以及个人都全力以赴与这场可怕的灾难做斗争，向受灾地区捐钱捐物。（用含现在分 词短语作状语的句子改写）Governments, organizations, enterprises and individuals went all out to fight against the terribledisaster, the disaster-stricken areas with donations of money and materials.【答案】supplying【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府、组织、公司以及个人都全力以赴与这场可怕的灾难做斗

35、争，向受灾地区捐 钱捐物。根据提示可知本句考查非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Governments, organizations, enterprises and individuals和supply之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填supplyingo1 . Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.（

36、现在分词作结果状语）The government has recently introduced more cancer drugs,to be cured.政府最近弓| 进了更多的癌 症药物，使更多的病人得以治愈。【答案】allowing more patients【解析】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给汉语提示可知，空处表示“使更多病人得以“，allow是动词意为“使.得以。句中存在谓语动词has introduced,这里使用非谓语动词形式，且逻辑主语是主句整句，与 allow之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式作伴随状语，现在分词allowing的宾语是more patients。故

37、 填 allowing more patients o. Many people, especially young girls, are on a diet nowadays,*现在很多人，特别是年轻女孩，都在节食，希望减肥，并且保持身材。（现在分词短语作状语）答案hoping to lose weight and keep their figure【解析】考查现在分词。句意：现在很多人，特别是年轻女孩渚口在节食，希望减肥，并且保持身材。“hope”与其逻辑 主语Many people之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，hope to do sth.希望做某事，lose weight减肥，ke

38、ep ones figure 保持身材，所以填 hoping to lose weight and keep their figureo2 .听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止了讲话。（现在分词作状语）, the pupils stopped talking at once.【答案】Hearing the teachers voice【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“听到”应用hear,和主语the pupils之间是主动关系，需用现在分词作状语；表示“教 师的声音”应用 the teachers voiceo 故填 Hearing the teachefs voiceo3 .因为以前在那家自

39、助餐厅有过一次糟糕的经历,Catherine再也不想在那儿吃饭了。（现在分词作状语） at that cafeteria before, Catherine did not want to dine there any more.【答案Having had a bad experience【解析】考查非谓语动名词。分析句子结构可知，”有过一次糟糕的经历”这个动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前， 应用完成时;Catherine与have之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处用现在分词的完成式作原因状语。故填 Having had a bad experience o能力提升练VI.阅读理解A“Use up

40、 all leftovers.Buy second - hand things instead of new ones.” Learn DIY to fix things yourself. “Invite friends over instead of going out. “Grow your own fdod.” Save rainwater for your garden.Nowadays, more and more people take practices of saving for life. Lets see what these people do in saving an

41、d how they enjoy doing so.“To save money in college, I decided to do the no new clothes challenge last year. This meant I didnt buy any new clothes for an entire year. It was a little embarrassing to rewear the same clothes to different parties and events, but it was worth it. After all, I saved all

42、 the money!”Eden from Mint Notion“I copied a whole textbook. I didnt feel like buying a new one, so instead, I borrowed one from a classmate and copied the entire thing using the copy machine. It may or may not have taken a few hours but I saved $20. And for a college students who was broke, that wa

43、s a lot! ” 一 Athena from Money Smart LatinaCat litter is something that can set me back a couple hundred dollars every year. However, by toilet training my cat with a $20 toilet trainer, Tm able to save on the costs and avoid the trouble to change it. Plus its always funny to see the cat on the toil

44、et. Dustyn from Dime Will Tell1. What do Eden and Athena have in common?A. They9re in financial difficulties.C. They received higher education.2. How does Dustyn save for life?A. By cleaning his cat with water.C. By changing cat litter infrequently.3. Whafs the purpose of the text?A. To give practic

45、al tips on saving.C. To promote the concept of green life.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【语篇分析】4. What do Eden and Athena have in common?A. They9re in financial difficulties.C. They received higher education.5. How does Dustyn save for life?A. By cleaning his cat with water.C. By changing cat litter infrequently.6. W

46、hafs the purpose of the text?B. To give practical tips on saving.C. To promote the concept of green life.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【语篇分析】C. They have no taste for shopping.D. They take pleasure in reusing things.B. By switching to cheap cat litter.D. By teaching his cat to use the toilet.B. To offer useful ways

47、of enjoying life.D. To introduce some economical lifestyles.本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍几种节俭的生活方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个方框的内容“To save money in college, I decided to do the no new clothes challenge last year.”（为了在大学里省钱，去年我决定参加无新衣挑战赛。）和第二个方框的内容“And for a college students who was broke, that was a lot!”（对于一个身无分文的大学生来说，这真是太多了 ！）可知，Eden和 Athena都接受过高等教育，应选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一个方框中“However, by toilet-training my cat with a $20 toilet trainer, Vm able to save on the costs and avoid the trouble to change it.（然而，用一个20美元的厕所训练器训练我的猫上厕所，我就 能省下本钱，防止麻烦地更换它。）可知，Dustyn通过教猫咪上厕所来省钱。应选D项。【3题详解】推