The World At War《二战全史（1973）》第一季第十集完整中英文对照剧本.docx

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1、大西洋英国的生命线The Atlantic. Britains lifeline.在和平时期就足够凶险，Treacherous enough in peacetime, 在战时,（更是由于）充满危险而暗淡无光 in war, black with menace.U型潜艇的狼群整夜潜行U-boat packs stalk through the night.尽管知道危险他们的牺牲品仍然乘风破浪Knowing the danger, their victims still plough on. 船和货物漂浮Ships and cargoes go down.它们的船员其中一些生存下来，Their

2、crews. some of them. survive, 但在1943年初是英国的生存 but early in 1943 it is Britains survival和盟军战胜德国的希望存在疑问and the Allied hopes for victory over Germany which are in doubt. 当战争开始时，英国把德国的大型战舰 视为她海上贸易的主要威胁When war began,Britain saw Germanys big ships as the main threat to her sea trade.德国人也是如此So did the Germ

3、ans.德国的水面突击舰队 凶狠地攻击（英国）商船队 Germanys surface raiders would savage the merchant fleet而英国依赖它们来运送她的大局部食物， 她的绝大局部原材料，和她全部的石油 on which Britain depended for much of her food, most of her raw materials,and all of her oil.德国的U型潜艇将在沿海水域行动，Germanys U-boats were to operate in coastal waters, 收拾被战列舰剩下的任何船只 sweep

4、ing up anything leftThere was a lot of noise in the boat.There were Chinese.我说，“哪来这么多吵闹声?”I said, Whats all the bobbery? 有许多闲聊声，你知道Which is a lot of talky-talky,you know. 他说”我想第一司炉工疯掉了He said, I think number one fireman go crazy. 所以最后他穿着一件救生衣 从船的一侧跳入海里So he eventually jumped over the side with a lif

5、ejacket on.过了一小会我们又把他拉了回来And after a wee while we got him back again. 那天晚上晚些时候在黑暗中他又跳了 And later that night in the darkness he jumped again.我们没能把他找回来 因为鲨鱼吃了他 We didnt get him back because the sharks got him. 在第13天的早晨On the morning of the 13th. 我坐在水桶上确保没人会偷喝水.Id sit on the water barrelto make sure no

6、body helped themselves. 有人摇我并说，”嘿，船长，我们看见灯光，绿色的灯光” and somebody shook me and said, Hey, Captain, we see lights, green lights. “哦,“我说你在做梦，你在做梦”Oh, I said, youre dreaming, youre dreaming. 我环顾四周我看到一些绿色的灯光 And I looked roundand I saw some green lights. 对我来说它看上去就象 新布赖顿的码头我识别不出它It looked to me like New Br

7、ighton pier.I couldnt make it out.所以我说道,”好吧，点燃一枚照明弹”So I said, Well, burn a flare. 他们点燃了 枚照明弹吉米说， ”再点燃一枚照明弹” They burned a flare. Jimmy said, Burn another flare. 他们又点燃了另一枚照明弹 They burned another flare. 过了一会儿我看到绿色的灯光 靠近了更加看得见一点 And after a bit I saw the green lights getting closer. More visible. 然后过了

8、一会儿 我看见在绿光上面有一个红光， Then after a bit1 saw a red light above the green, 于是我这才.明白这是艘医院船 and then it dawned on me that it was a hospital ship. U型潜艇在空中有眼线 The U-boats had eyes in the air. 福克-沃尔夫（Fw 200型）秃鹰式飞机（用于侦察,轰炸和运输） 能在海上飞行1,000英里来侦察护航船队 Focke-Wulf Condor aircraft could range1,000 miles out to sea to

9、 scout for convoys. 当被用于轰炸船只，秃鹰式飞机在两个月里炸沉了 30艘船When used to bomb shipping, the Condors sank 30 ships in two months. 对英国来说幸运的是， Luckily for Britain, 这种和U型潜艇的伙伴从没有被适当利用 this partnership with the U-boat was never properly exploited.但邓尼茨却利用了德国海军情报部门 已破译了英国密♥码♥这个事实 But Doenitz did exploit t

10、he fact that German naval intelligence had broken the British codes. 我们意识到不知什么原因情报是准确的 We were aware that the intelligence for some reason was good,（吉尔伯特罗伯兹西部近海司令部参谋） 但我自己把这归于潜艇拥有的,U型潜艇 在他们艇上拥有的非常优秀的水下听音设备， but I myself put this down to very superior hydrophone equipment that the submarines had, tha

11、t the U-boats had in their boats, 很可能能捕捉到80或甚至100英里外 一个护航船队螺旋桨的声音 probably being able to pick up the noise of a convoys propellers up to 80 or even 100 miles. 但另外，But in addition,我知道他们会把他们的U型潜艇布置成一条横线， 放在护航船队预期路线上的正确角度I know that they would place their U-boats in a line across, at right angles to th

12、e expected line of the convoy.而这条线,比方说，有5艘U型潜艇， 可能两端相距100英里And this line for, say, five U-boats, could be 100 miles from end to end. 所以用好的听音设备，And so with good hydrophones, 一个护航船队位置的非常小的掩饰能被监听到 very little disguise of the position of a convoy could be effected. 只有在战后我们才知道他们破译（我们的）密♥码♥I

13、t was only after the war that we knew that they were breaking the codes 他们知道得非常清楚 护航船队施开港口的时间 and that they knew very well the time of leaving port that the convoys had 有多少护卫舰只以及每个船队里有多少商船 and how many escorts there were and how many merchant ships in each convoy. 在水下搜寻U型潜艇的皇家海军 The Royal Navy,searc

14、hing for U-boats underwater, 将其信心寄托在“潜艇探测器” （即上动声呐），一种回声探测仪器上 had pinned its faith on ASDIC,an echo-sounding device. （Anti/Ailled Submarine Detection Investigation Committee） 但U型潜艇在海面上攻击护航船队 But U-boats were attacking convoys on the surface.（皇:家）海军没为这种情况做好准备The navy was not prepared for this.护航船队的防御

15、是不太令人向往的事情Convoy defence is not very glamorous affair 而在两次大战之间， 我想比拟自然地， and between the wars,I think rather naturally, 海军更倾向集中于更有吸引力的活动 the navy were inclined to concentrate more on more glamorous activities （彼得格莱顿爵士海军中将护卫舰队司令） 比方大规模鱼雷攻击和诸如此类的事 like great mass torpedo attacks and that sort of thing

16、.关于第一次世界大战的经验教训 的所有信息都是现成可用的All the information about the lessons of World War I were available. 对那些想要读它们的人来说， 所有的经验教训就在那儿For those who wanted to read them, all the lessons were there. 但恐怕没人会尽那个心But Im afraid no one bothered.结果就是总的来说，贸易防御被非常严重地忽视了And as a result trade defence as a whole, was very ba

17、dly neglected. 这种忽视继续着The neglect continued.在早期，护航船队只能在距离大西洋 两岸的大约300英里范围内被护送 In the early days,convoys could only be escorted for about 300 miles from each Atlantic coast.没有足够的护卫舰只There just werent enough escort ships. 那些可用的铲卫舰）缺乏耐久性 它们的船员几乎都没受过训练Those available lacked endurance and their crews wer

18、e virtually untrained. 我的（下属）军官们是皇家海军志愿后备队军官 （Sherwood） My officers were RNVR officers. （RNVR, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve） 其中一个的职业是土木工程师One was a civil engineer by profession. 另外两个是加拿大海军中尉，The other two wereCanadian sublieutenants, 年龄都在20至IJ21岁之间， both of the age of between 20 and 21, 他们作为乘客从加拿大过

19、来who had come from Canada as passengers 而那就是他们（仅有）的出海经历 and that was their seagoing experience. 部门的领导是常规（海军）军官The heads of department were regulars. 他们中的一些人已经退役并被召回. some of them had retiredand called back.有两或三个水手是正式服役的，and there were two or three seamen who were of the pukka service, 其余的都是直接上船（的新手）

20、 and the rest were straight in. 空中掩护将被证明是至关重要的， Air cover was to prove all-important, 但令人惊讶的是海军的航♥空♥母舰一开始没有提供空中掩护 but surprisingly the navys carriers did not at first supply it.那任务落在了皇家空军身上，尽管 （皇家空军）岸防司令部没有什么准备 That task went to the RAF, although Coastal Command was ill prepared. 除了非常少

21、数的桑德兰水上飞机， With the exception of Sunderland flying boats, a very small number, 其他所有的飞机，除了“安森” （侦察机）外都是些临时凑合的东西 all the other aircraftexcept the Anson were lash-ups.（威尔弗雷德奥尔顿空军少将岸防司令部）他们的用途完全不同却为了完成岸防司令部的这个任务被借用 They were borrowed from entirely dissimilar functions in order to do this job in Coastal

22、Command.其次股有什么导航助手Secondly, the navigation aids were not there.完全是推测方位的导航It was entirely dead-reckoning navigation. 一个有经验的导航员能看着海面， And whereas an experienced navigator can look at the sea, 估计风向，他可能一小时就能到达目的地 estimate the wind and where hes likely to be in an hours time, 而这对一个新手来说却非常难 this is very d

23、ifficult for a new boy. 由于被导航去的那个地点， 护航船队也经常同样地搞错， And since the point to be navigated to, the convoy, was often equally at error, 因此我们没能碰到许多 护航船队也就不奇怪了 it was no wonder that we failed to meet many convoys.所以缺乏设备，缺乏训练以及不合适的飞机So lack of equipment, lack of training and unsuitable aircraft 在战争开始阶段肯定是严重

24、的缺陷 were certainly severe handicaps at the beginning of the war.更要命的是,战场上海军和空军的合作，What is more, cooperation between the navy and the air force in the field, 当他们在海上时，确实是非常糟粒， while theyre at sea, was very bad indeed,主要是由于在白厅的高级军官之间的愚蠢争吵 mainly due to stupid quarrels between senior officers in Whiteha

25、ll.我们能在舰船和飞机之间实现正常 的那种合作花了差不多两年时间 It took nearly two years before we had anything like the right sort of cooperation between ships and aircraft. 这是一个耻辱和一个悲剧 It was a disgrace and a tragedy.在最初的那几年里那么多船被不必要 地击沉了那么多生命不必要地牺牲了So many ships were sunk and so many lives lost unnecessarily during those firs

26、t few years. 所以海员们遭受的痛苦来自于白厅的争吵， 来自于U型潜艇以及来自于♥大♥海♥ So seamen suffer from quarrels in Whitehall, from the U-boats and from the sea.现在根据受欢迎的请求，播放”西部近海区”的上题音乐Now by popular request,the Western Approaches signature tune.J有人在摇我的梦中之船J Someones rocking my dream boatJ有人在入侵我的梦J Someones

27、invading my dreamJ我们正如此安详和平静地航行J We were sailing along so peaceful and calm /突然有什么东西出了错 Suddenly something went wrong 在一次艰难的船队航行后 很难向陆地上的人描述Its very hard to describe to someone on the land after a tough convoy. 我所说的艰难足指坏天气， by tough I mean bad weather, （爱德华巴特勒前海军上士 尤其是在冬天里.especially in the winterti

28、me.在海上呆了超过两周就是， what just over two weeks at sea is, 靠罐头咸牛肉和压缩饼干为生 living on corned beef and hard tack. 而这不是一个谬论 And this is not a fallacy.我们以前经常这样做（吃罐头食品） We used to do this quite often 当海水涌进来并扑灭了厨房♥的火 when the seas came in and put the galley fires out. 你就是烧不了任何热食You couldnt just cook anythin

29、g hot.幸运的人有吊床（可睡）The lucky ones had hammocks 而不幸运的人不得不唾在柜子上， and the unfortunate ones had to lie on the lockers, 而这非常的不舒服 and it was very discomforting.你会碰到值夜班的伙计，在（凌晨）四点下来, You used to get chaps coming down from the middle watch, four oclock, （他们）全身湿透，直接爬上一个柜子 wet through,just clambering on a locke

30、r 而已经睡着的可怜伙计会被浸湿 and the poor chap whos already trying to get some sleep would get soaked. 那儿没有什么个人卫生可言 There was no hygiene there.如果你不留神的话，大约一个星期后 我们就真的开始有异味了 We really started smelling after about a week if you didnt watch it. 我们有一种感觉 那就是这是一个非做不可的工作 We had a feeling that it was a necessary job. 我不

31、能肯定我们都意识到了 这（工作）有那么重要 Im not sure we realised that it was all that important.对我们来说这是一个非常无聊的工作 To us it was a very boring job. 我们都在寻找可能出现的任何东西（潜艇） 而天气非常地寒冷We were on lookout for anything that might come up and it was bitterly cold. 这是一个敞开的舰桥， 对任何天气都是开放的， It was an open bridge, open to all weathers, 我

32、们更多地，说真的，是在试图保暖， and we were more, really, trying to keep warm, 试图挡住寒冷，试图能保持干燥， trying to keep the cold out, trying to keep dry, 而不是意识到我们正在做项重要的工作 rather than realise that we were doing an important job. 但他们是在做一项重要的工作 But they were doing an important job. 他们运来了货物,没了这些货物 英国就不可能继续运转 They brought the c

33、argoes, without which Britain could not have kept going. 然后你在船舱里坐下那时你真的会想： Then you sit down in the cabin.Thats when you really think: “我们在公海匕我们随时都会碰h 一个（U型潜艇）狼群” Were in the open sea, we can catch a pack at any moment. 有许屡次我们看见水中有小小的亮光 （Butler） Theres many times we saw little lights in the water 我们

34、猜测这些是幸存者， 但我们不能停下并把他们捞起来 and we assumed these were survivors, but we couldnt stop and pick them up. 海员们在他们工作时间里挣的工资一般同（军工厂里）弹♥药♥工人（的工资）差不多， The normal comparison that seamen made with their wage for the hours that they worked was with the ammunition workers, （而弹♥药♥工人）能挣一大

35、笔钱， who were making a fabulous amount of money, 但他们的风险比我们留在家里 的家庭主妇高不了多少 with no more risksthan our housewives left at home.每三个人里我们就要损失一个，而没有他们 （Eyton-Jones） We lost one out of every three men, and without them 这个国家最多只可能挺三或四个月 this nation wouldnt have survived more than three or four months. 但是德国人仍然

36、在庆祝But the Germans were still celebrating.在1941年上半年他们击沉了 大约三百万吨♥的船只 In the first half of 1941 they sank nearly three million tons of shipping. 船只比货物更加难以替换Ships were harder to replace than cargo. 如果它们被击沉的速度比它们被建造 出来的速度快，英国就会挨饿If they could be sunk faster than they could be built, Britain would

37、 starve. 但在战争爆发时规模还极小的加拿大海军， 现在正扩大到原来规模的50倍But now the Canadian navy,tiny at the outbreak of war, was expanding to 50 times its original size. 它将承当北大西洋上大约一半的船队护航任务 It would take on nearly half the burden of convoy escort in the north Atlantic. 越来越多的护航船队正离开加拿大， More and more convoys were leaving Cana

38、da, 甲板上装满了坦克，货仓里装满了补给品， （这些货物）来自于中立的美国，是根据租借法案提供的 decks laden with tanks,holds full of supplies by the battleships.英国和德国都错了Both Britain and Germany were wrong.真正的海上威胁将是U型潜艇The real naval menacewas to be the U-boat.至少一个人知道这点.及尔邓尼茨,U型潜艇部队的司令At least one man knew this.Karl Doenitz, chief of the U-boat

39、arm.他原本也可能是错的，如果希♥特♥勒♥推迟他的行英国的战争He couldve been wrong too, if Hitlerhad delayed his war with Britain直到为德国海军计划建造的所有战列舰都建成的话until all the battleships plannedfor the German Navy had been built.事实上，邓尼茨确信只要有足够的潜艇，他就能获得海上战争的胜利As it was, Doenitz was certain that withenough submarines,h

40、e could win the war at sea.他已在20年前向他自己证明了这点He had proved it to himself20 years before.1918 年 10 月，In October 1918,我是在地中海马耳他附近的一艘潜艇的舰长I was captain of a submarinein the Mediterranean near Malta.（卡尔邓尼茨德国海军元帅后来成为希♥特♥勒♥的继承人） 在一个黑暗的夜晚我遇到了一个配有巡洋舰和驱逐舰的英国护航船队In a dark night I met a Brit

41、ish convoywith cruisers and destroyers我进攻了and I attacked并且击沉了一艘船，and I sank a ship,但如果当时有许多潜艇的话机会就会大得多from the neutral United States under lease-lend. 为不断的损失所担忧，英国战争内阁Alarmed at continuing losses, the British war cabinet 设立了 个新的西部近海司令部 来重组护航船队的防御set up a new Western ApproachesCommand to reorganise c

42、onvoy defence.皇家空军和海军第一次一起紧密合作For the first time, the RAF and the navy worked closely together.在1941年3月,邓尼茨失去了 他最能干的三个（U型潜艇）舰长And in March 1941,Doenitz lost three of his ablest men.曾在（英国）斯卡帕湾击沉了“皇家橡树”号♥战列舰的 京特普里恩（U-47舰长，战绩为击沉33艘商船和艘战列舰）. Gunther Prien, who had sunk the Royal Oak at Scapa Flow

43、.被（英国驱逐舰Wolverine号♥） 命中深水炸&hearts沸♥并阵亡 depth-charged and killed.约阿希姆舍普克（U-100舰长,战绩为27艘商船）， 被（英国驱逐舰Vanoc号♥）冲撞并淹死 Joachim Schepke, rammed and drowned.而克雷奇默尔，被深水炸♥弹&hearts 1炸得浮出海面And Kretschmer, depth-charged to the surface. 并被俘虏（他在加拿大战件营被关七年） and taken prisoner.在任何一个时刻邓尼茨的舰

44、队 只有三分之一能在海上巡逻Only one third of Doenitzs fleet could be on patrol at any one time. 他最好的舰长突然消失His best captains had suddenly gone.现在他只能维持差不多半打（6艘）U型潜艇在海上Now he could only keep some half dozen U-boats at sea.只有这么少数量的u型潜艇，With this small number of U-boats, 要在大西洋战役中取得任何 决定性的胜利当然都是不可能的 of course any deci

45、sive success in the battle of the Atlantic was not possible. 那就是为什么在德国&hearts库♥备计划中 把建造潜水艇放到第一位是必要的Thats why it was necessary for the building of submarines to get first place in the German armament plan. 但这一点并没有实现，But this was not done, 尽管当时的德国海军总司令 雷德尔海军上将不断地提出请求 in spite of all the request

46、s made by Admiral Raeder,who then was chief of the German navy. 更糟的事情还等着他 Worse was to come for him. 美国仍然正式地处于中立The United States was still officially neutral. 一级战备状态，-级战备状态赶紧 General quarters,general quarters. On the double.但在丘吉尔1941年9月在大西洋上与罗斯福会面后（签署大西洋宪♥章♥）， But after Churchills Atl

47、antic meeting with Roosevelt in September 1941, 美国宣布她将保护定期往返 于其海岸和冰岛之间的任何国籍的船只America announced she would protect ships of any nationality plying between her shores and Iceland. 现在有足够的战舰为跨越 大西洋（的船队）提供连续的护航There were now enough warships to provide continuous escort across the Atlantic. 是时候发动还击了It was

48、 time to counterattack. 我找到许多护卫舰指挥官， I got hold of a number of escort commanders,我向他们问了这个问题： who I asked the question: ”当知道艘U型潜艇正在攻击个护航船队 When a U-boat is known to be attacking a convoy, 正如他们现在在晚上的做法”， as they do now by night, 我问他们他们会做什公，I asked them what they did, 在大多数情况下回答是， ”恩，你能做什么?” and the answer in most cases was, Well, what can you do? “它（U型潜艇）是个非常小 的小东西我们看不到它们“ Its a very tiny little thing and we cant see them. 雷达，当然，在那时候还是非常初级的 而且我们只有非常少的几套Radar, of course, in those days was very elementary and we had very few sets. 但事实上有一位护卫舰指挥官