02+2023高考英语一轮复习全国甲卷真题长难句精析一点通+重点词汇+变式拔高练+真题巩固练.docx

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1、专题02全国甲卷长难句真题精析一点通+重点词汇+变式拔高练+真题1. （ 2022 全国甲卷）The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.分析】本句的主干是The realization was one of the biggest things o （主系表结构） 第一个that引导同位语从句；不定式被动结构作后置定语，修饰a precious land；第二个that 引导定语从句，修

2、饰先行词things。【句意】Ginni最深刻的感受之一就是意识到这块珍贵的土地应当受到人类的尊重。【词汇】realization n.意识关联词：realize v.了解，意识到；实现（目标，梦想等）；变现变卖（资产） （高考复现 2021 浙江卷）“ I often send postcards to family and friends, he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that n

3、ot everyone is into it, and thats totally fine.“我经常飞家人和朋友寄明信片，”他对中国日报说，“但你可以想象，过一 段时间，你收到的明信片不如你寄的那么多，而且你意识到并不是每个人都喜 欢这样，但也没关系。”hit home 切中要害；使人接受或认清事实Did the reality of war finally hit home?人们终于认清战争的现实了吗？Everyone felt that the speakers remarks hit close to home?大家都感觉到发言人的话击中了要害。（2022 新高考全国 II 卷）Thi

4、s hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.春节期间当我和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上时，很清楚认识到了这一点。2. （ 2022 全国甲卷）After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went out separate ways-he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.【分析】 本句的主干是 Andrew shut do

5、wn the engine, and we went out separate wayso And 连 接两个并列句。破折号后面是两个省略句，he和I都省略了谓语动词went 从句中while引导让步状语从句，从句主干rereading an author飞work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.其中现在分词短语做主语 rereading an authors work；定语从句 a reader can pay them (省略 that)修饰 currencyo【翻译】但是我想，虽然金钱确实是美好的，也是必要的，但是重读作者的作

6、品是读 者能够支付给他们的最高货币。8 .【分析】 主干局部：祈使句But remember。宾语从句：its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friendso 宾语从句中省略 that,并在句中使用强调 句：its you that强调 you【翻译】但是记住，是你必须成长，阅读和重读，以便更好地理解你的朋友。9 .【分析】本句的主干是Data shows thato that引导宾语从句，其主干是kids and teens have more books, more b

7、ooks, parents, and parentso句中have后接了四个并列的宾语,其中两个 parents后各接一个who引导的定语从句。定语从句who do read frequently修饰先行词kids 和teens；过去分词短语compared to infrequent readers做状语，表比拟。【翻译】数据显示，与不经常阅读的孩子和青少年相比，经常阅读的孩子和青少年 的家里有更多的书，为他们买的书更多，而且他们的父母读书的频率更高，并且会留出时间 让他们读书。10 .【分析】本句是but连接的并列句，but表示转折。前一分句的主干是Science cant explain

8、 the power of pets,后一分句的主干是 many studies have shown that.。that 弓 I 导的是宾 语从句，从句中动词can help lower raise reduce和spread构成并列谓语。【翻译】科学无法解释宠物的力量，但许多研究说明，宠物的陪伴可以帮助人们降低 血压，增加心脏病康复的机会，减少孤独感，并传播全面的快乐。11 .【分析】本句的主干是25,310 students have put off their entry。who在句中引导定语从 句，修饰先行词 studentso 过去分词短语 provided by the Uni

9、versity and College Admissions Service (UCAS)表被动，做后置定语修饰 statistics on university entranceo【翻译】根据大学入学服务(UCAS)提供的大学入学统计数据，今年有25310名接受 高等教育机构录取的学生推迟到明年入学。12 .【分析】本句是由but连接的并列句。前一分句的主干是The data went up to 2007, 后一分句的主干是the researchers explored，后面的what引导宾语从句what would happen.TV viewing,做explored的宾语。宾语从句

10、中包含一个if引导的条件状语从句，该 状语从句中又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词electronicso such as举例说明new electronics o【翻译】研究小组的数据只到2007年，但研究人员还探讨了如果消费者用具有一种 以上功能的新电子产品取代旧产品会发生什么情况，比方可进行文字处理和看电视的平板电 脑。13 , 【分析】 本句的主干是 Weltys people come from afternoons, from walks, from conversationso 句首的 Beauticians.people with purple hats 做 Welt

11、y* people 的同位语； 句中 from afternoons spent visiting with old friends from walks through the streets of her nativeJackson, Miss.和from conversations overheard on a bus这三个局部是并列结构；过去分词短语 spent visiting with old friends 做后置定语修饰 afternoons；同样 overheard on a bus 也是做后置 定语修饰 conversations o【翻译】无论是美容师、酒吧招待、钢琴演奏

12、者还是戴紫色帽子的人，韦尔蒂笔下的 人物都来自她和老朋友们相聚的下午，来自在她土生土长的密西西比州杰克逊街头的散步， 以及公共汽车上无意中听到的谈话。14 .【分析】 本句的主干是 The Intelligent Transport team have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory。由and连接的两个不定式短语做目的状语；过去分词短语named “DriveLAB” 和 faced by older drivers 分别做 laboratory 和 challenges 的后置定语；where the key stress po

13、ints are 做 discover 的宾语。【翻译】 纽卡斯尔大学的智能交通运输团队，将一辆电动汽车变成了一个名为 “DriveLAB”的移动实验室，以了解老年司机面临的挑战，以及去发现问题的关键点。15 .【分析】 本句的主干是One thing was that。定语从句that most touched my heart修饰先 行词thing；第二个that引导表语从句that she would go to.with them,表语从句中，谓语动 词go和be with由and连接，构成并列谓语；whoever引导宾语从句，做go to的宾语。【翻译】最让我感动的一件事是，谁生病了

14、，她就会去谁那儿并和他们待在一起。【句意】在我们跑了三次后，安德鲁关掉了引擎，然后我们分道扬镶。他去午休，我 去探索这座城市。【词汇】shutdown （使）（工厂，公司等）关闭，歇业，停业The computer system will be shut down over the weekend. 计算机系统周末关闭。（2） separate v.别离；（使）分开，分割；隔开；分居；区分adj.单独的；分开的；独立的；不同的；不相关的；n单行本；（杂志论文的）抽印本；可以不配套单独穿的妇女服装;3. （ 2022 全国甲卷）Levine and his research team selec

15、ted volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.【分析】本句的主干是 Levine and his research team selected volunteers 。 Aged 是形容 词短语充当后置定语，修饰名词volunteerso关系代词who引导定语从句，修饰先行词 volunteerso在定语从句中使用并列句，并列连词but连接。【句意】莱文和他的研究团队挑选了年龄在45岁到64岁之间的志愿者，他们不怎么 锻炼，但在其他方面都很健康。【词汇】age

16、d adj水电；年老的，年迈的；老化的；n.老年人；v.变老,老化关联词：at the age of在岁of age成年（ 2022 全国甲卷）This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity （机会）to do creative things .分析】 本句是一个复合句。主句是This special building is a placeo定语从句是:in which theat

17、re is made;定语从句是:and where children,artists,writers and anyone else have the opportunity（机会）to do creative things.【句意】 这个特殊的建筑是一个制作剧院的地方，儿童、艺术家、作家和其他任何 人都有机会来做创造性的事情。【词汇】opportunity n.机会；时机4. （ 2022 全国甲卷）Shirley Fitzgerald, the city s official historian told me that in its rush to modernity in thel9

18、70s, Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings.【分析】 这是一个主从复合句。其中主句局部是:Shirley Fitzgerald told me that;宾语从 句局部是：Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings;两4、 逗号中间是同位语:the citys official historiano【句意】 悉尼的官方历史学家雪莉菲茨杰拉德告诉我，在上世纪70年代的现代化 热

19、潮中，悉尼横扫了大局部过去，包括许多最好的建筑。【词汇】（1 ） sweep （swept, sw叩t）v.清扫，拂去；梳（头发）；挥动（手臂）；席卷，扫过;迅速传播；彻底删掉；延伸；轻松赢得n.清扫；挥动；搜索，扫荡；广泛性；（道路、河流）绵延弯曲的地带5. （ 2022 全国甲卷 ）In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with le

20、ss symmetrical （对称的）shapes.【分析】 这是一个并列句，由but并列前后两句，前句是一个主谓宾的简单句:In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age;后句是由 before 弓I 导的 主从复合句:主句局部是:it will be another wear:从句局部是：they are able to do the same with less symmetrical （对称的）shapeso【句意】在人类中，婴儿可以从一岁左右就把圆形放在圆形洞里，

21、但再过一年才能用不那 么对称（对称的）形状做同样的事情。6. （ 2022 全国甲卷）This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an aallocentric frame of reference v .【分析】 这个一个由后置定语修饰的系表结构。系表结构是:This ability is called an uallocentric frame of reference ：后置定语局部是:to recogn

22、ize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit;当中嵌套了一个 that 引导的宾语从句:that a shape will need.o【句意】 这种识别形状需要在特定方向上旋转的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。【词汇】recognize v.识别；成认；认出关联词：recognition n.识别；成认；赞赏（1） fit v,适合；合身；试穿；放置于；可容纳；安装；与相配；胜任；发 作adj.健康的；适合的；俊秀的；就要n.发作；一阵；合身；匹配（2022 全国甲卷）This

23、 exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London.【分析】 本句是简单句。主语核心词是是This exhibition, of为介词短语充当后置定语, 修饰exhibition。celebrating是现在分词短语用作后置定语，修饰杰作masterpiece。谓语动词 为come,使用第三人称单数形式。【句意】这次展览展出了大约60幅杰作，以庆祝苏格兰最受喜爱的画家亨利雷伯

24、 恩爵士的生活和作品。【词汇】masterpiece n.杰作，名作；杰出的事(高考复现 2020 新课标 I 卷)The artist was sure he would be chosen, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed.这位画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作展示给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。二语法填空变式拔高练The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by

25、 humans, (be) one of the biggest things hit home to Ginni.1. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we(go) out separate wayshe for a lunch break, T to explore the city.2. Levine and his research team selected volunteers (age) between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much were otherwise h

26、ealthy.3. This special building is a place in which theatre (make) and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会)(do) creative things .4. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city, s official historian(tell) me that in its rush to modernity in thel970s, Sydney swept aside much of

27、its past,including many of its (fine) buildings.5. In humans, (baby) can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的)shapes.6. This ability (recognize) that a shape will need to be turned in a s

28、pecific (direct) before it will fit is called an allocentric frame of reference v .7. This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces (celebrate) the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, (come) to London.答案:1. was, that 2. went3. aged,but4.is made, to do5.told, finest6. babie

29、s, but 7. to recognize, direction 8. celebrating, comes三真题巩固练1. All customers travelling on Trans Link services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.2. While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trai

30、ns or between train services and bus services.3. There9s a welcome familiarity but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship.4. Its about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader.5. The

31、 language is almost intoxicating （令人陶醉的）,an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.分While I tend to buy alot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.6. But I imagine that,while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rerea

32、ding an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.翻译But remember, its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.分析：6. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more bo

33、oks purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.分析：7. Science cant explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness

34、 and spread all-round good cheer.分析：8. This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).分析：9. The team*s data

35、only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.分析：10. Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty*s

36、people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.分析：翻译The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB“ in order t

37、o understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.分析：11. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.分答案解析：1 .【分析】 主干局部：All customers must be in possession of a valid ticketo 现在分词短语 travelling o

38、n TransLink services 做后置定语；时间状语：before boardingo【翻译】所有使用TransLink服务的客户在登机前必须持有有效机票。2 .【分析】 主干局部：there can be no guarantee of connections介词短语做定语：betweentrains or between train services and bus services,让步状语从句： While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled,【翻译】虽然昆士兰铁路公司尽一切

39、努力确保列车按计划运行，但无法保证列车之间 或列车服务与公共汽车服务之间的连接。3 .分析】 主干局部：There9s a familiarity-but also a suspiciono 定语从句：that time haschanged you both, and thus the relationship 修饰先行词 suspicion ； and 连接 you both 和 relationship 共同做 has changed 的宾语。【翻译】这是一种可喜的熟悉，但有时也会有一点怀疑，时间改变了你们俩，从而改变了你们的关系。4 .【分析】 主干局部：Ifs about the n

40、ow and what one contributes to the now 宾语从句：what one contributes to the now, and连接the now和宾语从句共同做about的宾语。原因状语 从句：because reading is a give and take between author and reader.【翻译】它是关于现在和一个人对现在的贡献，因为阅读是作者和读者之间的 一种交换。5 .【分析】主干局部：The language is almostintoxicating非谓语动词短语做状语：an aging writer looking back

41、 onan ambitious yet simpler time.【翻译】语言几乎令人陶醉，一位年老的作家回顾着一个雄心勃勃但却简单的时代。6 .【分析】主干局部：these three were given to me as gifts 让步状语从句：While I tend to buy a lot ofbooks 非限制性定语从句：which might add to the meaning lattach to them, which 指前面 these three （三本书）。【翻译】虽然我倾向于买很多书，但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我 对它们的理解。7 .【分析】主干局部：But I imagineo宾语从句：that引导宾语从句。while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.