2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点6--主旨要义之文章标题--练模拟考熟能生巧（学生版）.docx

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1、2023年高考复习阅读理解总分值考点考点6 .主旨要义之文章标题.练模拟考熟能生为1.12022届青海省海东市高考一模】Curtin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals are best used to store and supply energy, in a breakthrough for any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fas

2、t and reliable supply of electricity, including smart phones and tablets.Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curtins School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capacitor （电容 器）.could be of

3、 great benefit to all scientists, engineers and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.“All electronic devices require an energy source. While a battery needs to be recharged over time, a capacitor can be charged instantly because it stores energy by separating char

4、ged ions （离子），found in ionic liquids/5 Ciampi said.There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of liquid salt”, and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor. What our team has done is designing a quick and easy test, able to be performed in a ba

5、sic lab, which can measure both the ability to store charge when a solid electrode touches a given ionic liquida simple capacitor-as well as the stability of the device when charged.“The simplicity this test means anyone can apply it without the need fbr expensive equipment. Using this method, resea

6、rchers found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not leak（渗 漏）and begin to diminish fbr at least four days J Mr Belotti said.The next step is to use this new screening method to find ionic liquid with an even longer duration in the charged state and larger energ

7、y density.12. What can the new method be used to do in the future?A. Help to choose smart phones.B , Find materials used as energy.C. Settle the problem of storing energy.D. Research energy sources of the future.13. What was the challenge in making a capacitor?A.Choosing thebest ionic liquid.B.Figur

8、ing outthe storing ability.C.Devisinga quick andeasytest.D.Recharging a battery instantly.14. What does the underlined word “diminish“ in paragraph 5 probably mean?A.Charge.B.Develop.C.Expand.D.Decrease.15. What would be a suitable title for the text?A. Selecting ionic liquid is important in capacit

9、orB , An easy and cheap way to seek perfect ionic liquid for capacitorUniversity of Colorado.It is not a new thesis, but Professor Antman provides the first quantitative evidence that tea drinking powered the Industrial Revolution, by increasing the health of workers. Her study reveals that the prac

10、tice of boiling water for tea lowered death rates by 25% in lower water-quality areas. This “accidental improvement”, she argues, occurred just as people were moving into cities, where the crowding together would otherwise have led to serious epidemics. Instead, the country possessed a healthy pool

11、of labour needed for industrialisation.One of the key moments that shifted tea from a luxury good to a mass market drink came, the Antman paper argues, in 1784 when the tea tax was cut from 119% to 12.5% at one stroke. By the end of the century, even the humblest farmer drank tea twice a day. The Ea

12、st India Company also muscled out an opponent-coffee一by pushing its tea in the home market. Tea gardens made the drink a cultural custom, as did the workers tea break.Professor Antman argues, Why England experienced a decline in death rates over this period without an increase in wages, living stand

13、ards, or nutrition can be explained in part by the widespread adoption of tea as the national drink and increased consumption of boiled water”.8. What do we know about Professor Antmans study?A. It offers statistical proof.B , It presents a new thesis.C. It focuses on work efficiency.D. It figures o

14、ut labour demand.9. What do the underlined words accidental improvement“ in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The decline of death rate.C. The popularity of tea drinking.10. What can we infer from paragraph 3?A. Tea was ill-received by farmers.C. Tax cut made tea an affordable product.11. What can be a suitab

15、le title for the text?A. British Tea, from Exotic to OrdinaryC. Why the British Drink So Much Tea?B The removal of epidemics.D. The process of moving to cities.B. Coffee made push into British market.D. Workers enjoyed tea breaks in gardens.C. A Cup of Tea, a British Cultural GeneD. How Tea Affects

16、Industrial Revolution?11.12022届安徽省合肥市第八中学高考最后一卷】Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other times may actually cause such mood disorders. Long lasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new

17、 study finds, at least in animals. The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Center.In the new study, Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cyc

18、les for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night. Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference fbr sweet drinks, “A sign

19、 they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed. Bedrosian says.In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of behavioral despair”, 10 times as l

20、ong as the mice that had experienced normal nighttime darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal light-dark cycle, the researchers report. The scientists also could ease the behavioral symptoms by injecting the brains of animals with a drug th

21、at prohibits the activity of certain molecules （分子）linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.Human studies linking nighttime light and mood disorders are important but cant easily detect molecular underpinings （分子基石出）as

22、animal studies can, says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behavior. Why does the author mention doctors prescribing light therapy?A. T

23、o emphasize the importance of light.B. To introduce the new research finding.C. To prove professional skills of doctors.D. To suggest a way to deal with depression.12 . What do we know about the new study?A. Symptoms caused by light exposure can be relieved.B. Mice exposed to dim light stick to swim

24、ming fearlessly.C. The experiment involves people working night shifts.D. Scientists injected the stomachs of animals to help them.14. What can we infer according to George Brainard?A. Molecular underpinings can be easily detected in human studies.B. Mice differ a lot from human beings in terms of n

25、ight behaviors.C. The new work helps doctors to give better treatments to patients.D. Regulating light at night may have practical effects on people.15 . Which can be a suitable title of the passage?A. Animals Suffering from Light PollutionNew Drug Found to Cure Mood DisordersB. Nighttime Light Like

26、ly to Foster DepressionHuman Biological Clock Controlled by Light12.【2022届四川省内江市高三第三次模拟考】Kensey Jones teaches a second grade class at St. Michaels Episcopal School in Richmond. In her spare time, she volunteers at Richmond Animal Care & Control （RACC）, and she recently found a way to help the animal

27、s find their way home just a little bit faster.Kensey spoke with Christie Peters, director of RACC, who also happens to be the mother of one of her students. They cooked up an idea to introduce the class to a rescue dog named Snow, then give them the task of writing persuasive stories and making dra

28、wings from the dogs perspectives（角度）.These works would then be placed on the shelter animals cage.Im a very cute dog, “ one child wrote for a dog called Famous Amos. Dont you love my name? Do you love me? I hope you do because then you can adopt me!”Each of the drawings is 100 percent unique as well

29、 as being incredibly cute. Christie knew the project would be a hit as soon as she heard Kenseys idea. “The class was working on persuasive writing, and they wrote pieces as if they were speaking on behalf of the shelter dog trying to get adopted, “ she said. “I said, Lets do it.Tm so proud to see m

30、y students write amazing persuasive paragraphs through the eyes of one of their RACC dogs, “ Kensey explained.After meeting Snow, the kids were allowed to choose an adoptable dog from the list of those available at RACC. The kids were then told of the dogs unique personalities, likes, and dislikes.

31、In the end, the students wrote about 24 stories!So far, eight animals have gone home after their new owners read their letters! Kensey and Christie both hope other schools will find a similar way to partner with their own local shelters to help homeless pets, too.4. What do we know about Kensey Jone

32、s?A. She is a cook at a school.B , She is a caring and creative lady.C. She encourages kids to adopt dogs.D. She works with RACC to rescue dogs.5. Why were kids drawings and stories placed on the shelter animaPs cage?A. To impress potential adopters.B. To rescue the homeless dogs.C. To get pet owner

33、s evaluation.D. To comfort the dogs in the cage.6. How do Kensey and Christie feel about the outcome of the project?A. Its unexpected.B. Its discouraging.C. Ifs challenging.D. Its beautiful.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Writing Adorable Letters.B , Training Kids9 Imagination.C. Am

34、 IA Very Lovely Dog?D. Do You Love Animals?13. 12022届四川省绵阳市高三下学期第三次诊断性考试】The confidence people place in science is frequently based not on what it really is, but on what people would like it to be. When I asked my students how they would define science, many of them replied that its an objective way

35、 of discovering certainties about the world. But science cannot provide certainties.Actually, doubt and science often go hand in hand. Science, when properly functioning, questions accepted understandings and brings both new knowledge and new questions not certainty. Doubt does not create trust, nor

36、 does it help public understanding. So why should people trust a process that seems to require a troublesome state of uncertainty without always providing solid solutions?As a historian of science, I would argue that its the responsibility of scientists and historians of science to show that the rea

37、l power of science lies precisely in what is often regarded as its weakness: its drive to question and challenge accepted understandings. Indeed, the scientific approach requires changing our understanding of the natural world whenever new evidence arises from either experimentation or observation.

38、Scientific findings are temporary understandings that involve the state of knowledge at a given moment. In the long run, many of them are challenged and even overturned. Doubt might be troubling, but it pushes us towards a better understanding. Certainties, reassuring as they may seem, prevent the s

39、cientific process.Scientists understand this, but in the dynamic between the public and science, there are two opposite misconceptions （误解）.The first is a form of blind scientism-a belief that science is unquestionable and has the capacity to solve all problems. Such an idealized representation actu

40、ally ignores the universal existence of controversy, conflict and error at the very heart of the scientific world.12. Whafs the real power of science according to the author?A. It provides solid solutions.B. It defends accepted understandings.C.It discovers certainties about the world. D. It keeps b

41、ringing questions and challenges.13. What does the underlined word “reassuring“ probably mean?A. Disappointing. B. Surprising.C. Comforting. D. ChallengingWhat may be the belief of the second misconception?A. Science is unchallengeable and a cure-all.C. Science is objective but impractical.15. What

42、can be the best title for the text?A. Why Is Doubt Vital to Science?C. What Is the Weakness of Science?B. Science is unreliable and of little use.D. Science is doubtful but useful.B. Why Should We Trust Scientists?D. What Is Scientists9 Responsibility?14.【2022届江西省新余市高三下学期第二次模拟】For humans, adapting t

43、o climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution,

44、 a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak（喙）size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.All that

45、 fits nicely with evolutionary（进化的）theory. Allens rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages（附力口物）than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animals surface area relative to its body volume, helping it

46、 to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Rydings team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a

47、warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.Honestly

48、, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever. 32. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?A. They are following the new trends.B , They have to adapt to warmer climate.C. Scientists need them to do experiments.D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.33. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body p