高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案第i8800期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、I have often thought it would be a if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days atsome time during his early adult life.A. blanketB. contestC. blessingD. outcome答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常想，如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那 将是一件幸事。A. blanket毯子；B. con

2、test比赛； C.blessing幸事；D.outcome结果。根据句意结合生活 常识，可知如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将是一件幸事。应选C。2、Would you send me some of yours? I miss you very much!A. magazinesB. photosC. phonesD. works答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！ A. magazines杂志；B.photos照片； C phones ;D.works作品。由后文“I miss you very much!”可知，因

3、为非常想念,所以此处表示寄一些照 片给我。应选B。3、The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A. survive; survivals, survive; survivorC. survival; survivorD. survivor; survival答案:D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive 幸存，survival 幸存；B.survive 幸存，survivor 幸存者;C.su

4、rvival 幸存，survivor 幸存者;D.survivor 幸存者,survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是幸存者survivor；第二空处意为她的幸存, 答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意：我坚信客队会输。A.diet饮食；B.strength强度；C.belief信念；D.award奖励。分析句 子可知，根据that the visiting team (客队)will lose可知此处表示“信念、相信,应选C项。小提示：30 Before liberation the laboring people had no to education.A. access

5、B. approachC. entranceD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：解放前，劳动人民没有受教育的机会。A. access使用机会，通路；B.approach方 法，途径；C.entrance入口； D. admission准许进入。结合句意表达“有接触的机会，可以接触用have access to。 应选A。31、The number of the people using Huawei is getting larger and largerA. culturesB. customersC. historiesD. products答案：D解析：考查名词

6、词义辨析。句意：使用华为产品的人数越来越多。A. cultures文化；B. customers客户；C. histories 历史;D.products产品。根据the people using Huawei及常识可知,此处指华为产品。应选D。32、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A. arguments. resourceC. performanceD. authority答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument理

7、由；B.resource10资源；C.performance表演；D.authority当权者。根据for doing nothing.可知，不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。应选A项。小提示:33、During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Pauls Cathedral built many years ago.A. impressionB. panicC. resourceD. impact答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.imp

8、ression 印象；B. panic 恐慌;C. resource 资源；D. impact 影响。根据句中“the trip to London和St. PaulsCathedral可知，句中陈述的是圣保罗大教堂是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点，impression意为 “印象，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。34、His naturaland wisdom made him very popular among the colleagues.A. charityB. chainC. charmD. chart答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受

9、欢迎。A.charity慈善机构；B.chain链条；C.charm魅力；D. chart图表。根据 wisdom可知，他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。应选C项。for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas.35、Our main task at the moment is to provide aA. routeB. concernC. shelterD. schedule答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们目前的主要任务是，为受灾地区的幸存者提供庇护所。A.route路线；B.concern 关心；C.shelter 避难所，住所；D

10、.schedule 时间表。根据句中 for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas 可知，此处指给受灾地区的幸存者提供住所。应选C。1136、 Visitors are not permitted anything without.A. touching; permitB. to touch; permitionC. to touch; permissionD. touching; allowance答案：c解析：考查固定短语和名词。句意：访客未经允许不得触摸任何东西。第一空，表示被允许做某事可知，短语为be permitted to do sth.；

11、第二空表示“未经允许,应用名词permission,作介词的宾语。应选C。37、The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to conflicts between countries.A. tensionB. regulationC. processD. affection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项协议的签署将缓解国际紧张局势，这可能会结束国家之间的冲突。A. tension 紧张；B. regulation 规那么；C. process 过程;D. a

12、ffection 喜欢。根据下文“which might bring an end to conflicts between countries可知，此处表示将会使国际的紧张局势结束。应选A。38 Its a pity that her suggestion met with.A. rejections. expectationC. distinctionD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：太遗憾了，她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对;B.expectation期待； C.distinction差异；D.cooperation合作。根据Its a pit

13、y that可知建议遭到反对。应选A。39、We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every campers.A. experimentB. entertainmentC. equipmentD. settlement12答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道一个好的睡袋是每个露营者必备的装备。A.experiment实验；B.entertainment娱乐；C.equipment装备；D.settlement定居点。睡袋对露营者来说是一件装备，因此空格处 是 equipment, 应选 Co40、Th

14、e top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly.A. atmosphereB. adventureC. astronomyD. agriculture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个国家的领导人在友好的气氛中进行了会谈。A. atmosphere气氛；B. adventure 冒险；C.astronomy天文学；D. agriculture农业。在句中构建的情境下，显然只有用atmosphere表示(友好 的)气氛是合理的。应选A项。41、Please mind your in public.A.

15、behaviorB. reflectionC. creativityD. sculpture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在公共场合请注意你的举止。A. behavior行为，举止；B. reflection深思；C.creativity创造力；D. sculpture雕塑。由空后in public和句意可知，此处需用名词behavior,表示在公共场合 注意举止。应选A。42 Id love to, but I have a(an)with my doctor.A. appointmentB. certificateC. sympathyD. basement答案：A解析：13 考查

16、名词词义辨析。句意：我很想去，但是我和我的医生有约。A. appointment约会；预约；B.certificate证 明；证明书；C. sympathy同情;D.basement地下室。根据后文“my doctor（我的医生）可知，“我应是与医生 约好了。have an appointment with sb.，固定短语，“与某人有约定（预约）。应选A项。43 Finding information in todays world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is usefulor not.A. c

17、ontexts. challengeC. competitionD. stress答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A. context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not,可知，如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选B。44 、 While girls in general lack, boys often overe

18、stimate their abilities.A. confidences. challengeC. impressionD. intelligence答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。A. confidence自信；B. challenge 挑战；C. impression 印象;D. intelligence 智力。根据While和“boys often overestimate their abilities.可知，男 孩和女孩进行比照，女孩缺乏自信。应选A。45、There is an obvious between the cultu

19、res of the West and East.A. contents. contrastC. contractD. contact答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。A.content内容；B. contrast差异，比照； C.contract合同；D.contact联系。根据 the West and East.可知，东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。应选B14项。小提示：46、 He fought against the illness with courage and.A. floodB. visaC. plateD. determination答案

20、：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. flood洪水；B. visa签证；C.plate盘子；D. determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。47、There are many in your homework, so youd better correct them before you hand it in .A. baseB. errorsC. behaviourD. bad答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的作业中有很多错误，所以你最好在交上来之前改正。A. base根基，基础；B. errors错误；C.

21、behaviour行为；D. bad坏人，坏事。根据so yo/d better correct them ”可知，作业中有错误。 应选Bo48 Only a(n)of people are interested in that political issue.A. flockB. amountC. handfulD. bagful答案：C解析：考查固定短语。句意：只有少数人对那个政治问题感兴趣。A. flock (鸟或羊等动物)群，一大群人；B.amount数量；C. handful一把；少数，少量;D.bagful满口袋。a handful of少量的,一小局部。根据空前的 only可知只

22、有少数的人对政治感兴趣。应选C。49 He received an for the role he played.15A. awardB. permissionC. strengthD. debt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:他因所扮演的角色而获奖。A.award奖;B.permission许可;C.strength优点;D.debt债。根据for the role he played.可知,他因角色获奖了，应选A。小提示：50、 Some cyclists make the that traffic laws do not them. It is not true, though.A

23、. assumption; apply toB. thought; apply toC. assuming; apply forD. idea; apply for答案：A解析：考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.assumption 认为；apply to 适用;B. thought 想法；apply to 适用；C. assuming 认为（动名词）；apply for 申请；D. idea想法；apply for申请。根据句意，第一空应填名词assumption认为作宾语，that引导的同位语从 句对其进行解释说明；第二空，表示适用

24、为固定短语apply to。应选A。51 They were all brave enough to take up arms in of their country.A. conflicts. defenceC. contentD. represent答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。A. conflict冲突；B.defence保卫；C.content内容；D.represent代表，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语in defence of,表示保卫, 应选Bo52 It was to be invited here today.16A.

25、 great honourB. honouringC. a great honourD. honoured答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：今天被邀请到这里来是极大的荣幸。分析句子结构可知，这是固定句型ltis/was+名词/ 形容词+动词不定式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to be invited here,抽象名词honour意为荣幸”， 表示具体的事物时候，是可数名词，前面可以用a/an修饰，根据great首字母是辅音音素，因此，应该用a 修饰,即a great honour。应选C项。53、 Xiongan New Area(XNA) in Hebei Province wil

26、l cover around 200 square kilometres after its.A. expectations. expansionC. exceptionD. exhibition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：河北雄安新区扩建后将占地约200平方公里。A. expectation期待；B.expansion扩 大，扩建；C. exception 例夕卜；D. exhibition 展览。根据上文“cover around 20。square kilometres afte门ts”可矢口， 表示扩建后将占地约200平方公里，应用expansiono应选B。54 What

27、a! I wasn/t expecting to see you here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊！我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范；B.characteristic特色；C. certificate 证书；D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文“I wasnt expecting to see you here.”可知遇见是巧合，应用 coincidenceo 应选 Do55 In the process of getting rid

28、 of racial, the USA is left far behind.A. discriminationB. compromiseC. substituteD. investigation答案：A17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。A.discrimination歧视；B promise 妥协；C.substitute 代替;D.investigation 调查。根据空前的getting rid of racial”可知，此处指摆脱种族歧视，应选A项。18第二空是名词幸存survival。应选D。4、You can get a general

29、 of our school.A. impressiveB. impressionC. impressD. impressed答案：B解析：考查名词和词性。句意：你可以对我们学校有个大致的印象。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.impression |J 象；C.impress使留下深刻印象；D.impressed印象深刻的。general是形容词，修饰名词，空格处是名词 impression,意为E3象，前面有冠词a,空格处用单数，应选B。5、 As a player, Lang Ping brought and glory to her country.A. injureB. i

30、mproveC. honestD. honour答案：D解析：考查动词、名词、形容词词性和词义辨析。句意：作为一名运发动，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。A.injure伤害，动词；B. improve提高，动词；C. honest老实的，形容词；D.honour荣誉，名词或动词。分析句 子可知，空处与glory一起作brought的宾语，用名词；根据句意可知，郎平为国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。应选 D项。6、 We arrived at our,tired and hungry.A. destinationB. descriptionC. wisdomD. architect答案：A解析：考查名词

31、词义辨析。句意:我们到达了目的地，又累又饿。A. destination目的地；B.description描述，说明；C. wisdom智慧；D. architect建筑师。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词作宾语，需要目的地的意思。应选A。7、请选出与释义能力匹配的单词。A. confidenceB. competitionC. competenceD. convenience答案：C解析：考查词汇意思。A. confidence 信心；B. competition 竞争；C- competence 能力；D. convenience 便利。应选 C。8、Mr. Moses was onc

32、e the head of World Architectural Association(WAA), yet he is now nothing more than a*A. retired anthropologistB. retiring anthropologyC. retired architectD. retiring architecture答案：c解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：摩西先生曾是世界建筑协会(WAA)的主席，但他现在只不过是一个退休的 建筑师。表示“退休的应用过去分词转换的形容词retired； architect建筑师”，architecture建筑，根据上

33、文 the head of World Architectural Association 可知，此处是指一个建筑师，应用 architect 表达,retired architect退休建筑师”。应选C。9、Sandra Oh, actress of /Killing Eve, has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a Golden GlobeAward.A. distinctionB. discriminationC. descriptionD. determination答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓

34、(Sandra Oh)是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.distinction 荣誉，勋章；B. discrimination 区别，歧视;C. description 描述，描写;D. determination 决心，果断。这是一个Award (奖项)，她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合语境，应选Ao10、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his father.A. campaignB. cautionC. confidenceD. collection答案：C解析：考查名词

35、词义辨析。句意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动；caution 谨慎；C. confidence 自信；D. collection 收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help可 知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示对某人有信心。应选C。B. Mr. Brown thought it would be a good idea to have from his workers to improve his plan.A. summariesB. adm

36、issionsC. commentsD. connections答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗先生认为征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划是个好主意。A. summaries总结;admissions 准许进入；C. comments 意见， 评论；D. connections 连接。 根据from his workers to improve his plan.可知，此处表示征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划。应选C。12、 The stronger the is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.A. mot

37、ivationB. contributionC. pressureD. possibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:一个人学习外语的动力越强，他就会学得越快。A. motivation动力；B.contribution 贡献；C. pressure 压力；D. possibility 可能性。根据后文the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language可知，此处指学习外语的动力越强,就学得越快，应用motivation。应选A。13、 Organize all the information you have colle

38、cted according to your.A. outcomeB. outgoingC. outlineD. output答案：C解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据你的提纲要点组织你收集到的所有信息。A. outcome结果；B. outgoing外出;C. outline提纲，概要；D. output输出。根据句意可知，根据提纲概要，组织所有信息，逻辑合理。应选C项。14 It is clear that in modern society high and demands are placed on students.A. motivationsB. expectationsC. o

39、pportunitiesD. achievements答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，现代社会对学生有很高的期望和要求。A.motivations动机；B .expectations期望；C.opportunities机会；D.achievements成就。根据 demands”可知，现代社会对学生有 很高的期望和要求。应选B项。15 Here is a memo for your when you answer the phones.A. consultantB. recommendationC. recognitionD. reference答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句

40、意：这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation 推荐；C. recognition识别；D. reference参考。根据上文“Here is a memo for your指将备忘录作为接 的参 考，应用reference。应选D。16、 I bought the dress for only fifty yuan at the sales.Really ? It was a real. How I wish I would have such a good chance!A. goalB. bargainC. exchangeD.

41、business答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我在减价时只花了五十元买了这件衣服。一一真的？真划算。我多么希望我有这样一个好机会！ A.goal目标；B. bargain廉价货;C.exchange交换;D.business生意。根据后文“How I wish I5would have such a good chance!可知回答者认为这件衣服很划算，短语a real bargain合算的交易应选B。17 His rude behavior was really a, which made his friends embarrassed.A. virtueB. visionC.

42、leisureD. disgrace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B.vision 视力，视觉；C. leisure 闲暇；D. disgrace 耻辱，丢脸。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassed可 知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。应选D。18、Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain to competitiveuniversities.A

43、. admissionB. distinctionC. boundaryD. approval答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大学。A.admission进入, 录取；B.distinction 区别；C.boundary 边界；D.approval 批准。由“Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students可知，句子表示“大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大 学，因此空格处是录取，进入，应选A。19、 My parents, words

44、 had a great on me. I decided to make every to learn English well.A. effect; effortB. effort; effectC. creativity; punishmentD. punishment; creativity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响；努力；B. effort; effect 努力；影响；C. creativity; punishment 仓U造力；惩罚；D. punishment; creat

45、ivity 惩 罚；创造力。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语have an effect on sb.，意为对有影响；对起作用，产生效 果。make efforts to do sth.意为竭尽全力做某事句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。应选A。20 I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotionsD. explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C

46、/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为传递；传达和情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。21、To get the job, the had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the Great BarrierReef.A. operatorsB. candidatesC. conservationistD. manager答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了得到这份工作，应试者必须制作一个简短

47、的视频，展示他们对大堡礁了解多 少。A. operators操作人员；B.candidates候选人,应试者；C.conservationist自然环境保护主义者;D.manager经理。根据前文To get the job可知，此处指“应试者。应选B项。22、 Xingyi is one of the most beautiful in Guizhou.A. citiesB. cityC. snackD. snacks答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴义是贵州最美丽的城市之一。city：城市；snack：小吃。根据。ne of +名词复数, 排除B,C,再由句意选择A。23、Broug

48、ht up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors可知，他对医生和他们