专题19 人与自我之语言学习---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（测）（含答案解析）.docx

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1、人与自我之语言学习（测）满分：50得分阅读理解（每小题2分，共16）A （2021 .四川.巴中市教育科学研究所模拟预测）According to the statistics shared by UNESCO, at least 43% of the total languages that are estimated as being spoken across the world are in danger of extinction. Moreover, many languages around the world have less than 1,000 speakers now.

2、 Linguists （语言学家）and researchers believe that by the end of the century, at least half of the worlds languages will have died. This is troublesome, given that cultural identity and languages go hand in hand.Language activists and people who speak these endangered languages are fighting back tooth an

3、d nail. Scientists believe that digitalization might be our only hope to preserve some of these quickly disappearing languages in the online world.For instance, Oxford University Press launched Oxford Global Languages a few years ago. It is an initiative that boosts digitally underrepresented, langu

4、ages. They are focused on promoting languages that might have close to a million speakers worldwide, yet have little or no online presence. Therefore, they have been creating digital dictionaries as a fundamental building block to help preserve them.There have been countless other projects like this

5、 with the same aim. Another is the Rosetta Project, which aims to create a handheld digital library that will carry more than 1,500 languages. It will be appropriately sized to fit nicely into our hands, and will come with around 13,000 pages of information. It will also have a high life expectancy

6、of anywhere between 2,000 and 10,000 years. Initiatives like these have as their primary objective to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died.Countless languages are dying every day, and they will continue to perish as the remaining speakers die. Of course, we

7、cannot merely rely on digitization to deal with worldwide languages loss. However, it is a step in the right direction. These digital tools offer endangered languages man opportunity to bounce back and survive. 1. What does the data in paragraph 1 mainly show?A. Many languages are endangered.B. Cult

8、ure determines language evolution.C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Many linguists attempt to protect threatened languages.2. What does Oxford Global Languages try to do?A. Promote online courses of local languages.B , Publish paper dictionaries of global languages.C. Increase dying

9、 language speakers to a million.D. Make certain languages available in digital form.3. What can we learn about the digital library to be created by the Rosetta Project?A. It is portable but has a short life.B. It is sponsored by Oxford University Press.C. It provides protection for linguistic divers

10、ity.D. It contains automatically updated information.4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “perish“ in the last paragraph?A. Be enriched.B. Be lost.C. Be acquired.D. Be invented.【解析】本文是说明文，主要讲的是世界上的很多语言面临消失的危险，而技术和数码工具可能是保护这 些濒危语言的最佳方式之一。1. A 推理判断题。第一段中的“at least 43% of the total

11、 languages. are in danger of extinction. Many languages around the world have less than 1,000 speakers now （至少43%的语言正处于灭绝的危险之中。现在世界上许 多语言的使用者不到 1000 人）“以及by the end of the century, at least half of the worlds languages will have died （到本世纪末，世界上至少有一半的语言将会消亡）”提到的数据分别表明，全世界至少有43%的语言 正面临灭绝的危险，现在世界上许多语言的

12、使用者不到1,000人，而且到本世纪末，世界上至少一半的语 言将消亡。由此推知，这些数据是为了说明许多语言都濒临灭绝。故选A。2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Oxford Global Languages. is an initiative that boosts digitally underrepresented, languages. They are focused on.yet have little or no online presence.they have been creating digital dictionaries （牛津全球语言是一项促进“数字弱势”语言的倡

13、议。他们专注于但很少或没有在网上出现.他们一直在创建数字词典）”可知，Oxford Global Languages是一项促进“数字代表性不足”语言的 倡议，通过创建数字词典来推广那些在全世界有近100万人说、但几乎没有或根本没有线上形式的语言。 也就是说，这一项目致力于使某些语言能够以数字形式保留下来。故选D。3. C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Rosetta Project. aims to create a handheld digital library that will carry more than 1,500 languages （罗塞塔项目的目标是创建一个携带1500多种

14、语言的手持数字图书馆）”以及 Initiatives like these have as their primary objective to ensure the preservation of local languages long after their speakers have died （这类举措的主要目标是确保当地语言在使用者去世后仍能长期保存）”可知，RosettaProject旨在创建一个可手持的数字图书馆，内含1, 500多种语言。类似这样的项目的首要目标是确保某些 地方语言在使用者去世后仍能保留下来。也就是说，Rosetta Project创建数字图书馆是为了保护地方

15、语言， 即保护语言的多样性。故选C。4. B词句猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“Countless languages are dying everyday （每天都有无数的语言在消 亡）”和continue以及后面的the remaining speakers die可知，每天都有无数种语言在消亡，它们将随着剩下 的使用者的死亡而继续“消亡根据语境可知perish与die是同义词，意为“消亡，消失。故选Be lost。 故选BoB （2021 .辽宁葫芦岛.高三月考）Have you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals,

16、 so it would be hard to throw. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic of the Congo, “to throw a camel“ is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”.In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. But recently, the French Ministry of Cu

17、lture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people outside of France speak the language. The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Cana-da, compared to how it is in ParisA new online dictionary, called the

18、French speakers, dictionary, includes new French words from around the world. It was released on March 18just in time fbr International French Speakers Day on March 20.Supporters say the new Internet dictionary is more democratic than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educa

19、ted French people spoke. The new dictionary includes unofficial words like “pourriel”, which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada. It is a word based on courriel”, which just means an email.French President Emmanuel Macron proposed the idea of the dictionary in 2018. It now contains about600

20、.000 terms, Roselyne Bachelot is the French Culture Minister. She said the dictionary is not just for Frances 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.The aim, supporters say, is to recognize the way language changes. Words and expressions included in the dictionary com

21、e from over 50 countrieseven from the United States Some people in the southern U. S. state of Louisiana speak French.People can see the dictionary on a website or with an app. Users can also send in new words they think should be included. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Par

22、is were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated.5. . What do we mean if we say a man “throws a camel in French?A. He talks big.C. He makes a joke.B. He is very strong.D. He misspells a word.A. To celebrate an event.To honor foreign users.C. To draw more attention.D. To meet a

23、n urgent need.6. What is the purpose of the publication date of the new online dictionary?7. Where does the word “pourriel“ come from?A. French.B. An email.C. A holiday.D. Canada.C. Change the meaning of its words.D. Regard it as an official dictionary.8. What can people do with the new dictionary?A

24、. Update it regularly.B. Recommend new words to it.【解析】这是一篇说明文。一个新的在线词典叫做讲法语者词典，收录了来自世界各地的新法语单词。文 章介绍了这一词典的特点以及想法的起源。5. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic of the Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”.（但在讲法语的刚果民主共和国，“扔骆驼”的意思是“犯 拼写错误”户可知，如

25、果我们用法语说一个人“扔骆驼”意思是他拼错了一个单词。故选D。6. A 细节理解题。根据第三段A new online dictionary, called the French speakers5 dictionary, includes newFrench words from around the world. It was released on March 18just in time for International French SpeakersDay on March 20.（一个新的在线词典叫做讲法语者词典，收录了来自世界各地的新法语单词。它于3月18 日发布，正好赶上3月

26、20日的国际法语演讲者日广可知，新在线词典出版日期的目的是庆祝一个事件。故 选AoD 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The new dictionary includes unofficial words like “pourriel”, which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada.（新词典收录了一些非官方词汇，比如“pourriel”，在加拿大意思是收到不 想要的电子邮件）”可知，“pourriel”来自加拿大。故选D。7. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“People can see the dictionaiy on a websit

27、e or with an app. Users can also send in new words they think should be included.（人们可以在网站上或应用程序上看到该词典。用户还可以输入他们认为应该收录的新词）”可知，人们可以给新字典推荐新单词。故选B。完形填空（2021 重庆市酉阳第一中学校模拟预测）（每小题1分，共15分）Very few of us become fluent in another language by learning it in high school.I went to university and then moved acros

28、s the country to seek a 1 job, married and raised children. I made an effort to keep the little bit of French I learned in school, but eventually I realized that this was really2. I was quite aware that new languages are best learned when young, and that our abilities in that regard decline with 3.H

29、owever, just before my 50th birthday, I 4 French classes. After I was tested to see which group I belonged to, I was placed at almost the introductory level When I looked around at my first class, I was5that many of the students were learning French as a third, fourth or even fifth language.Contrary

30、 to my 6 that learning a new language was impossibly difficult, there were people who learned new languages as a matter of course. While I had always thought of myself as a7 learner, that wasno longer the case. I 8 new vocabulary rather slowly. What I learned one week seemed to 9 as soon as I learne

31、d the next skill. I had to look up the same words and language structures over and over. Now, after several years of learning, I can listen to the news in French and 1090% of it on the first try, read a novel ifthe language isnt too 11 and hold up my end of a conversation if it doesnt go too fast. F

32、ve learned so much beyond grammar and vocabulary. Fve met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the _ 12 to make fools of themselves in order to learn something new. Fve been taught by patient and inspirationalteachers from many comers of the world. Listening to the news as it

33、is 13 to the people of France, I have a renewed understanding of how something can look 14 different from another viewpoint. Ive learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way of thinking. But most of all, Ive learned that it is never too 15 to learn something new.1. A. demandingB , t

34、emporaryC. meaningfulD. popular2. A. helpfulB. pointlessC. worthwhileD. necessary3. A. healthB. concernC interestD. age4. A. got ready forB. got on withC , signed up forD. fell in love with5. A. disappointedB. amazedC. annoyedD. excited6. A. agreementB. researchC. assumptionD. conclusion7. A. clumsy

35、B. confidentC. seriousD. quick8. A. absorbedB. consultedC , createdD. recognized9. A. go downB. slip awayC , pay offD. build up10. A. catchB. reciteC. guessD. hear11. A. changeableB. internationalC. difficultD. native12. A. chanceB. trickC courageD. desire13. A. announcedB. sentC , returnedD. presen

36、tedC. roughlyC. inconvenientC. roughlyC. inconvenientC. roughlyC. inconvenientD. slightlyD. late14. A. completelyB. equallyA. slowB. impossible【答案】1. A2. B3. D4. C5. B6. C7. D8. A9. BIO. All. C12. C13. D14. A15. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。文章介绍了作者在50岁学习法语，历经几年的努力，终于大概掌握 这门语言的过程。同时，作者还介绍了自己一些感想和体会。1 .考查形容词词义辨析

37、。句意：我上了大学，然后到全国各地寻找一份要求很高的工作，结婚，养育孩子。 A. demanding要求高的;B. temporary暂时的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.popular流行的，受欢迎的。根 据前面“moved across the country”可知，作者大学毕业之后，到全国各地去找工作，由此推知，作者应该是 想找一份好工作，根据常识可知，好工作往往“要求比较高”。故选A。2 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力保持在学校学的那一点法语，但最终我意识到这是毫无意义的。A. helpful有帮助的；B. pointless无意义的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.

38、necessary必要的。根据but转折可知， 作者想保持在学校学的那一点法语，但最终失败了。所以他意识到自己的努力是“没有意义的故选B。3 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很清楚，学习新语言最好是在年轻的时候，而我们在这方面的能力会随着年 龄的增长而衰退。A. health健康；B. concern关心；C.interest兴趣;D.age年龄。根据前一句new languages are best learned when young（学习新语言最好是在年轻的时候）”可以推知，语言学习能力会随着年龄的增长而 衰退。故选D。4 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，就在我50岁生日前夕，我报了法语班。

39、A. got ready for .做好准备； B. got on with 和相处;C. signed up for 报名参加;D. fell in love with 爱上。根据下一句After I was testedto see which group I belonged to, I was placed at almost the introductory 6可知，作者经过测试被放到 了入门级别。由此推知，作者报名参加法语班。故选C。5 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在第一堂课上环顾四周时，我惊讶地发现，许多学生都在把法语作为第 三、第四甚至第五种语言来学习。A. disappo

40、inted失望的；B. amazed惊奇的；C.annoyed恼怒的，生气的； D. excited兴奋的。许多学生都在把法语作为第三、第四甚至第五种语言来学习，这是出乎作者意料的，因 此作者非常“惊讶:故选B。6 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：与我的设想（学习一门新语言是非常困难的）相反，有一些人把新语言作为一 件理所当然的事情来学习。A. agreement协议，一致；B. research研究；C. assumption假定，设想；D. conclusion 结论。学习一门新语言是非常困难的，这是作者初学这门语言时的“设想: 故选C。7 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直认为自己是一个快

41、速的学习者，但情况不再是这样。A. clumsy 笨拙的；B. confident有信心的；C. serious严肃的；D. quick快速的。根据下文中的“that was no longer the case ” 和“rather slowly”可知，作者学习新词汇相当地慢。由此推知，他原本认为自己是个学东西很快的人，实际 情况并非如此。故选D。8 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吸收新词汇的速度相当慢。A. absorbed吸收;B.consulted咨询;C. created 创造；D. recognized认出。作者学习新词汇的速度相当慢，即：作者“吸收新词汇的速度慢。故选A。9 .考查

42、动词短语辨析。句意：当我学会了下一项技能时，我一周所学到的似乎就消失了。A. godown下降;B. slip away逃走，悄悄溜走；C.pay off还清；D.build up建造。根据前一句作者吸收新词汇速度慢可知， 作者学会下一个技能，前一周刚学的东西就会被忘记，即：前一周学的东西“溜走了。故选B。10 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，经过几年的学习，我可以听法语新闻，一次就能理解90%的内容。A. catch 理解，抓住;B. recite背诵；C guess猜测；D. hear听见。该句陈述作者数年的学习结果。因此,该处指作 者听法语新闻时，一次可以“理解，听懂”90%的内容。故选

43、A。11 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一本小说的法语不是特别难，我可以读懂这本小说。A. changeable可 改变的；B. international国际的；C.difficult困难的；D.native本地的，本国的。该句表达作者经过数年的 学习，已经初步掌握了法语。如果一本小说的法语不是过于的难，作者也能看懂。故选C。12 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过来自世界各地和各行各业的人，他们为了学习新东西，敢于出丑。A. chance机会；B. trick诡计，恶作剧；C. courage勇气；D. desire欲望，要求。人们为了学习新东西,有 敢于出丑的“勇气”，不怕在别人面前丢

44、脸。故选C。13 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：听着向法国人民播出的新闻，我对一个事物从另一个角度看起来如何会完全 不同有了新的理解。A. announced宣布；B.sent派;C.returned返回;D.presented播出。根据listening可 知，当新闻被播出时，作者听这些新闻。故选D。14 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：听着向法国人民播出的新闻，我对一个事物从另一个角度看起来如何会完全 不同有了新的理解。A. completely完全地;B.equally平等地；C.roughly粗略地;D. slightly稍微地。根据 前面的“renewed understanding”可知，从

45、另一个角度，我们对事物会有“完全”不同的新的理解。故选A。15 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，我懂得了什么时候学习新东西都不晚。A. slow慢的；B. impossible不可能的；C.inconvenient不方便的；D. late晚的，迟到的。作者在5。多岁开始学习法语，经过 几年的学习，不仅初通法语，而且还有很多感悟。由此可知，作者认为：学习新东西什么时候都不“晚”。故 选D。读后续写（19分）（2021江苏苏州高三开学考试）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完 整的短文。Overcoming AdversityOn the bus headed

46、 to the United States from Mexico, I experienced the saddest and longest ride I ever had.The thoughts of me not seeing my friends and family again were taking over my mind and causing a strong sense of depression. As I headed to a place I didnt want to call home, minutes felt like hours and the hour

47、s felt like days.Welcome to the United States,“ the driver said at the immigration checkpoint. The Officers repeatedly asked me for my passport, but I didnt understand a single word coming out of their mouth. After we sorted out all the confusion we were on our way. With 3 hours left, a new thought

48、took over my mind: stupidity. Not being able to understand a new language was the cause of my feeling. This filled me with a burning rage that I had never felt before.Not understanding the new language I was introduced to was always a problem that I struggled with alone. In school, I felt like the problems were growing rapidly and I was losing control. The transition from being a straight-A student in Mexico to being a straight F student in the United States wasnt easy and left me wondering if I could ever belong here. I wa