2022年大连航运职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年大连航运职业技术学院自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.Q: Pilots flying

2、at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。该题说的是：飞行员飞行的高度超过2100米时，看见一 个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽从火山口急速上升到空气中。但是，文章中airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black

3、column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.说的是靠近火山的地方出现了 一个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽上升到空气中，其高度超过2100米。因此该命题是错 误的。第2题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, fema

4、les names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.the cloud repels negatively char

5、ged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from

6、positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第20题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the o

7、ther hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able

8、to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?AII of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT.A、 Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.10B、 More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.C The job market would b

9、e more competitive.D、 It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除选项 C； It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job,排除选项 D； A

10、nd how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排 除选项A；答案是B。第22题【单项选择题】2008.04 To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts.A、functionallyB、widelyC、largelyD、remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个 局部的功能。A.有用途地、有功能地； B.宽广地； C.大大地；D.突

11、 出地。第23题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC whatD、which【正确答案】D11【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第24题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your

12、 arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their b

13、odies.B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased.Dlf you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this. 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可以采用线索词来定位。空格处的前后两个句子都是对ar

14、ms 在具体情况下具体动作的描述。那么用以补充的句子也应是如此，即选项A开朗 的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environmen

15、t, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it diffi

16、cult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in12order to show that a living thing may have the abilityA、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color

17、 of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第26题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第27题【单项选择题】HowHowyou like to do that?A、wouldB、couldC、shouldD、m

18、ight【正确答案】A【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选A。第28题【单项选择题】13【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining t

19、hat only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们

20、可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述，即Velikovsky提出,在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse.

21、 Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、 However, the

22、Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有14这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第30题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that

23、all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called Incidents of Travel

24、 in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains

25、 of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deser

26、ted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because.A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.15D、 it descri

27、bed that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第32题【单项选择题】2009.10 Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself.A、understandB、un

28、derstoodC、understandingD、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别 人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第33题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular w

29、atch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope. Which of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6?A、It is made of metal.B、 It is a kind of watch battery.C、 It can only be seen with a microscope.D、 It is a meta

30、llic disk with viruses inside it.【正确答案】D【答案解析】做题步骤：四个选项逐一带到原文，找到三个错误选项，一个正确16选项，比NOT TRUE题难。第34题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain mes

31、sages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a s

32、peed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第35题【单项选择题】The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB、lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第36题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what t

33、heir children want. Cathy, a mother told usz “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate17school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/ However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the

34、food. She said, zzMy daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、 Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susans daughter likes e

35、ating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第37题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.

36、A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A”公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第38题【单项选择题】2008.10 It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.18A、statisticsB、constructionsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答

37、案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第39题【单项选择题】They wrote a letter of thanks to had helped them.A、whoB、whomC、whomeverD、whoever【正确答案】D【答案解析】whoever had helped them是介词to的宾语从句，whoever是这个 从句的主语。whoever had helped them：任何帮助过他们的人。第40题【单项选择题】These two alarm clocks are no

38、rmally set together, but now they have been reset a few hours.A、awayB、aloneC、apartD、aside【正确答案】c【答案解析】but表示前后句子意思是相反的，所以前面说了 set together,后面 提到的就是apart （分开）。19A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判

39、断答案为C （与性别有关）。第3题【单项选择题】The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in the living room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查对代词的掌握。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是 为了防止重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】As far as astronomers （天文学家）can determine, the entire universe is built

40、 of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will ari

41、se wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universeA、obeys different laws.B、obeys one common law.C obeys the same laws.第41题【单项选择题】（填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already o

42、n sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electrici

43、ty【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第42题【单项选择题】It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服

44、干扰物的影响。【试 题分析】此题考查名词辨析。醵详细解答】A打搅、中断 B动机、诱因 C 评估、评价 D目的地、终点第43题【单项选择题】20【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theo

45、ries about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择D

46、o第44题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; paint

47、ing, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others .We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C、 when he is six.D、when h

48、e is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。21第45题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答