2022年天津市渤海化工职工学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年天津市渤海化工职工学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】When I graduated from high school, my family had a business so I never thought about getting a college degree. I went straight from my high school graduation to work for my father. After 24 years of ups and downs (mostly downs), I decided that I wan

2、ted to return to school and earn a degree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on with education after graduating from high school?A、 To help her father with business.B、 To escape from school life.C、 To experience social life early.D、To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查

3、考生对文章主人公相关细 节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部 分。文中讲到当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续 获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作。可判断A选项与原文句意 一致。第2题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointedthe frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the

4、sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第20题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may a

5、dapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weat

6、her. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living th

7、ing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第21题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by polluti

8、on from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort,10 researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not

9、just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the i

10、ndustrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第22题【单项选择题】This is good reading habits are not only an important study skill for thestudent, but also an important life skill for anyone.A、thatB、whyC、whereD、when【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。分析句意，空格处用why比拟好。why

11、引导表 语从句。第23题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate11【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第24题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to peop

12、le you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter peop

13、le keep them close to their bodies.B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.C、However, it w川 probably still be noticed, and people w川 know youre not pleased.Dlf you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this. 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可

14、以采用线索词来定位。空格处的前后两个句子都是对arms 在具体情况下具体动作的描述。那么用以补充的句子也应是如此，即选项A开朗 的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。第25题【单项选择题】阅读判断】Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: z1n the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think/ Today, not too far off Nixons deadline, America is

15、 looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, H川ary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.Q: Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US.A、True12B、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。问题句说“迄今为止在美国没有一个女人曾经被选举为 总统。本段说的是“1969年，美

16、国总统Richard Nixon很有信心地预测：在下一 个50年里，我们将会看见一个女总统，这或许比你想象的更快些今天距离 Nixon总统给出的最终期限已经不远了，美国人现在正关注这可能性。相邻语句 的句意相关，显然，定冠词结构the possibility指答案相关句中提到的可能出现 美国女总统。从该句中可以推断出“从1969年到现在为止，美国还没有出现女 总统。因此问题句提供了正确信息。第26题【单项选择题】阅读选择In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagn

17、osed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、 Greater probability of having other diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.D、 Early diagnosis.【正

18、确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第27题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Neverthele

19、ss, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion13 reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican go

20、vernment does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第28题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natural l

21、ook which perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B.制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understo

22、od. Typically, positive charges （正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively

23、charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated14 points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the ground/s surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的

24、闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morn

25、ing. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: Get up, John ! Youll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family

26、 quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A、Unawareness of energy cycles.B、Familiar monologues.C、 A change in a family members energy cycle

27、.D、Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句(即：Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.z/),同时联系本段的第四句和第五句(即：For some people the peak comes during the morn

28、ing. For others it comes in the afternoon or15 evening. ）的意思。该句的直接意思是如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么 回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。也就是说， 家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每 个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles（不 知道能量周期）应是正确答案。第31题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experien

29、ceddrivers.A、possibleB、likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的;D不可能的 应用举例：111 do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚到一会 儿。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Finally, though a childs teac

30、hers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional

31、 language teaching training he has received.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given16【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的“教师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。第33题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、con

32、tributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额， 销路。符合句意。第34题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望 远镜）and is taking astronomers （天文学家）further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up in

33、 the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Biggest telescopeB、Power of the telescopeC、Factions of VLTD、Birth of the new telescope【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介

34、绍了世界上最大的望远镜。17第35题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第36题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection an

35、d stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer/s end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in

36、the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Ot

37、her kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, 18and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each other/s bases using spears made with ocotillo, a des

38、ert plant. Who is Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。 而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, e

39、ven fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The

40、growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立”有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选

41、择】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment. She called to19【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。国详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第3题【单项选择题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-D

42、oell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is zzLetting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the

43、 garden.,zThe main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the

44、occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房2see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimers （老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me. Numerous thoughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and n

45、otify （通知）the doctors office she had just come from! But at first, I offered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB、the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaurantD、one of

46、 her family members【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant可知答案为C项。Helen由于担忧自己丈夫安危， 但又找不到人，情急之下先打 到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on

47、sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity

48、【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。20第41题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwiseC、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。第42题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have pr