2022届高三上学期第四次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022届陕西省西安高新第一中学高三上学期第四次模拟考试英语试题第二局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（共15小题：每题2分，总分值30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。ABees in a colony work with each other to gather food, and they try to find the most （花蜜）in the least amount of time possible. A small number of bees work as searchers, but when

2、 a good flower patch is found, how do they tell other bees where to find it?Bees communicate Hower location using special dances inside the hive, where bees live. One bee dances while the other bees watch. The dancing bee smells like （he flower patch, and also gives the watching bees a taste of the

3、nectar she has gathered. Smell and taste helps other bees find the correct flower patch. Bees use two different kinds of dances to communicate information: （he waggle （摇摆）dance and the circle dance.Waggle dance& f? - 1 The waggle dance tells the watching bees two things about a flower patchs locatio

4、n: the distance and the direction away from the hive.A. DistanceThe dancing bee waggles back and forth as she moves forward in a straight line, then circlesaround to repeat the dance. The length of （he middle line, called （he waggle run, shows roughly how far it is to （he flower patch.B. DirectionBe

5、es know which way is up and which way is down inside their hive, and they use this to show direction. How? Bees dance with the waggle run at a specific angle away from straight up. Outside the hive, bees look at the position of the sun, and fly at the same angle away from the sun.the store with the

6、super cheap flat screens going to go bust and thus not be there to honor the “fYee” extended warranty? Is there something wrong with that free cheese? Store owners will tell you horror stories about shoppers with attitude, who walk in demanding discounts and flaunt (heir new power at every turn. The

7、se store owners wince as they sense bad habit forming： Will people expect discounts forever? Will their hard-won brand luster be forever cheapened, especially for items whose allure depends on their being ridiculously priced?There will surely come a day when things go back to “normal”； retail sales

8、even inched up in January after sinking for the previous six months. But I wonder what it will take for US to see those$545Sigerson Morrison studded toe-ring sandals as reasonable? Bargain-hunting can be addictive regardless of the state of the markets, and haggling is a low-risk, high-value contact

9、 sport. Trauma digs deep into habit, like my85-ycar-old mother still calling her canned-goods cabinet44 the bomb shelter. The children of the First Depression were saving string and preaching sacrifice long after the skies cleared. They came to be called the “greatest generation. As we learn to be d

10、ecent stewards of our resources, who knows what might come of it? We have lived in an age of wanton waste, and there is value in practicing conservation that goes far beyond our own bottom line.12. According to the passage, what does “the first clue suggest?A. Shops, large or small, are offering big

11、 discounts.B. Women tend to have their hair cut less frequently.C. Shops try all kinds of means to please customers.D. Customers refrain from buying things impulsively. 13. Which of the following best depicts the retailers now? A. Bad-tempered.B. Highly motivated.C. Ovcr-fricndly.1) . Deeply frustra

12、ted.14. What does the author mean by the newly perfected art of the considered pause?A. Customers now rush (o buy things on sale.B. Customers have got a sense of superiority.C. Customers have learned how to bargain.D. Customers have higher demands for service.15. What is the authors main message in

13、the last two paragraphs?A. Extravagant spending would boost economic growth.B. Ones life experience would (urn into lifelong habits.C. Customers should expect discounts for luxury goods.1). The practice of being economical is of great importance.【答案】12.C13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在如今的经济

14、低迷时期，作者所经历的许多与以往不同的购买 体验因为现在是买方市场，顾客会发现自己正享受到以前没有享受到的一些特权，而卖家却在绞尽脑 汁地取悦顾客。【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The stylist offered not just the usual coffee or tea but a complimentary nail-polish change while I waited for my hair to dry.（造型师在我等候头发吹干的期间不仅提供了平常就有的咖啡或茶， 还免费为我的指甲换了新的指甲油。）”而全文就是在讲述在如今的经济低迷时期，作者所经历的许多与以

15、 往不同的购买体验因为现在是买方市场，顾客会发现自己正享受到以前没有享受到的些特权，而卖 家却在绞尽脑汁地取悦顾客。理发店的免费额外服务正是作者体验到的第一个例子。应选C。【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The upside to the economic downturn is the immense incentive it gives retailers to treat you like a queen for a day.（经济衰退的好处是，它给了零售商巨大的动力，让他们有一天把你当女王一 样对待。）“可推断，商家们现在很积极主动。应选B。【14题详解】 句意猜想题。根据

16、划线词后句 “You really dont even have （o say anything pitiful before hell offer to knock a few hundred dollars off.（你甚至都不用说什么可怜的话，他就会主动降价几百美元。）”可知，因为顾客现在是 真的不需要玩这种还价艺术，商家就会主动提供折扣。所以the newly perfected art of the considered pause即 指顾客们（以前惯用的）最新的还价手法，可看出顾客们是很善于还价的。应选C。【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 “We have lived in

17、 an age of wanton waste, and there is value in practicing conservation that goes far beyond our own bottom line.（我们生活在一个肆意浪费 时代，实践环保的价值远远超出我们自 己的底线。）”和最后两段可知，顾客们在这段经济低迷时期的大背景下享受到了各种优待，并且在卖家的各 种营销手段刺激下倾向于过度消费。于是作者很担忧人们会将这种过度消费当成自己的习惯。可见作者认 为节约的做法是非常重要的。应选D。第二节（共5小题，每题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最

18、正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“What is civilization? ”asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the BBC series on the subject. I dont know, and I can,t define it in abstract terms, yet. 16 And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame.It seems inhuman to care mor

19、e about a building than about people. That the sight of Notre Dame going up in flame has attracted so much more attention than floods in southern Africa which killed over 1000 arouses understandable feelings of guilt. Yet the widespread, intense grief at the sight of the cathedrals collapsing steepl

20、e ( 塔)is in fact profoundly human-and in a particularly 21 st-century way.17. People wander the world in search not just of jobs and security but also of beauty and history. Abuilding on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm

21、part of your memories and thus of yourself. That helps explain why China is in mourning WeChat, young Chinas principal means of talking to itself, has been throbbing with the story, and Xi Jinping, the countrys president, sent a message of condolence (慰问)to Emmanuel Macron, his French counterpart wh

22、ile India was largely indifferent. Tourism from India to the West is a stream compared with the flood from China.This visual age has blessed beauty with new Dower and social media have turned great works art into superstars.18 Just as there is only ever a handful of world-famous actors, so the numbe

23、r of globallyrecognizable cultural symbols is tiny: (he Mona Lisa, Michelangelos David, the Taj Mahal, the Great Pyramid and Notre Dame. Disaster, too, is visual. In the 24 hours after the fire started videos on social media of the burning cathedral were viewed nearly a quarter of a billion times.Ye

24、t the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about what losing it might mean. Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best. Nobody could look up into that vaulted ceiling without wondering at (he genius of the thousands of anonymous craftsmen who, over

25、a century and a half, realized a vision so grand in its structural ambition and so delicate in its hand-chiscllcd detail. 19.And it will be rebuilt. The morning after the fire, the many Parisians who went to the cathedral o mourn its destruction found comfort instead. Although the spire is gone, the

26、 towers are still standing and it seems likely that the whole building can be revived. The effort to rebuild it, like the fire, will bring people together. Within 24 hours, 6000m($677m) had been raised from businesses and rich people, and a lot of crowd funding campaigns started. A high-rcsolution l

27、aser scan of the building, carried out recently, should help.1( will never be the same, but that is as it should be. As Victor Hugo wrote in The Hunchback of Notre Dame, a three-volume love-letter to (he cathedral: Great edifices, like great mountains, are the work of centuries.20 Time is the archit

28、ect, the nation is the builder.Only a few, though, have achieved this status.A. It is not just the economy that is global today, it is culture too.B. The outpouring of emotion it has brought forth is proof that, despite the dark forces of division now abroad, we arc all in it together.C. But I think

29、 I can recognize it when I see it, and Im looking at it now.D. Art is often transformed as it is being made.E. An edifice （宏伟建筑）built for the glory of God also represents the unity of the human spirit.F. Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence though war, revolution and Nazi occupatio

30、n - binds the present to the past.【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. E【解析】【分析这是一篇说明文。本文作者主要就巴黎圣母院事件谈论文化的全球化现象，以及时代赋予建筑的 特使意义。【16题详解】根据空格前句I dont know, and I cant define it in abstract temis, yet.（我不知道，我还不能用抽象的术语来定 义它）“可知，后句很可能是转折，D 选项的But I think I can recognize it when I see it, and Im looking at it n

31、ow. （但是我认为当我看到它的时候可以认出来，现在我正在寻找它）”与前句逻辑一致，应选D。【17题详解】根据空格的位置可知此句为本段总领句，根据本段的People wander （he world in search not just of jobs and security but also of beauty and history.（人们漫游全世界寻找的不仅仅是工作和平安，还有美和历史）”可知， 全球化的不仅仅是经济还有历史文化。B选项的It is not just the economy that is global today, it is culture too. （如今，不仅经

32、济全球化，文化也走向全球化）”是对后文的概括，与后文逻辑一致，应选B。【18题详解】根据空格后句 Just as there is only ever a handful of world-famous actors, so the number of globally recognizable cultural symbols is tiny（正如只有几个世界知名演员一样，全球性的认可的文化符号也是少数）”提到了一个 类比，那么前句很可能也是一个类比，A选项的“Only a few, though, have achieved （his slaius.（但是只有几 个到达了这种状态）”与后句

33、表达的语义关系一致，应选A。【19题详解】根据空格前句Nobody could look up into that vaulted ceiling without wondering at the genius of the thousands of anonymous craftsmen who, over a cenlury and a half, realized a vision so grand in its structural ambition and so delicate in its hand-chiselled detail.（当看到那拱形的天花板时，没有人不会想到那些成

34、千上万的手艺人们，他 们经过150多年，实现了如此宏伟的结构野心和如此精致的手工雕刻细节）”可知，此处主要强调时间对巴黎圣母院的洗礼，G 选项的 u Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence though war, revolution and Nazi occupation binds the present to the past.（它经历了 850年的政治动乱战争、革命和纳粹占领 仍然存在，将现在与过去联系在一起）”也是讨论时间，与前句逻辑一致，应选G。【20题详解】根据空格后句“Time is die architec

35、t, the naiion ishe builder.（时间是建筑师，国家是建造者）”可知,主要谈 论的是时间对建筑的影响和改造，E选项的Ari is often transformed as it is being made.（艺术往往在创作过程 中发生变化）”与后句逻辑一致，应选E。第三局部 语言知识应用（共三节，总分值55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。We have all heard the dangers of helicopter parenting. Remaining too 2

36、1 in a kids life, especially throughout college, can lead to depression, lack of self-reliance and feelings of entitlement.Superficially, this wisdom is 22 .But some academics and educators now say they see signs of a troubling backlash（反冲）.The concern: warnings that moms and dads should 23 *thc ove

37、r parenting trap- are discouraging parents from getting involved at all.Yes, parents can be intrusive 24, there are increasing examples of parents refusing to set up whenstudents genuinely need （heir family. One mom kept 25 about her sons signs of depression until right before he failed a semester.

38、She did not want to helicopter in”.That means colleges, which have spent the past decade learning to 26 parents who get too involved, now have a different 27. But the solution to both is the same: devising ways to 28 moms and dads into the rightkind of 29 role.Much of this began because schools were

39、 forced to cope with a generation of students 3（） with their parents like never before, thanks to smartphones. And with 31 in education soaring, university leaders havestarted to view parents as investment partners. Most or them have paid for this education fbr their children or gone into debt for t

40、his education. And in some sense, they are 32 to know and be assured that colleges are33 their childrens welfare.Crucially, parent - outreach programs have also served as buffers （缓冲）,34students -or worse, theirprofessors - the discomfort of the nagging . At the University of Maryland, for example,

41、the parent office has handled 35 for weekly academic - progress reports, which do not exist in higher education. Parents just want to knowthey have a place to go where someone will listen to their concerns.But now, with some moms and dads cautious of even contacting (he school in (he Hrst place, tho

42、se same programs are being used to encourage a more balanced 36, often via blogs, email and Facebook. Parents arc nowadvised to be a guide, while acknowledging that the 37 owns the Journey. That means asking questions,listening to answers, being patient and trusting kids to 38 their own problems . B

43、u( if issues39, or if a student is in serious mental or physical danger, it also means hopping in the chopper, at least fora little while .When you think about it helicopters are useful tools J says Chelsea Petree, who is launching a parent -outreach program They can see things we on the 40 can t se

44、e and get to emergencies quicker than we can . They can swoop in when needed . The key is that they go back up21.A.independentB.involvedC.attachedD.enclosed22.A.soundB.efficientC.sufficientD.bound23.A.setB.senseC.avoidD.ensure24.A.BesidesB.SimilarlyC.ActuallyD.However25.A.alertB.quietC.informedD.con

45、cerned26.A.cope withB.identify withC.turn downD.settle down27.A.attitudeB.problemc.approachD.nature28.A.channelB.coinc.circulateI).chain29.A.supportiveB.informativec.neutralD.superior30.A.communicatedB.matchedc.obsessedD.connected31.A.complaintsB.costsc.demandsD.sufferings32.A.entitledB.deservedc.su

46、bjectedD.reduced33A.keeping track ofB.taking care ofc.looking forward toD.taking part in34.A.costingB.winningc.grantingD.sparing35.A.distractionB.passionc.demands1).priorities36.A.dietB.budgetc.approachD.passage37.A.collegeB.parentc.professorD.student38.A.restoreB.resemblec.resolveD.revolve39.A.decl

47、ineB.existc.ariseD.persist40.A.surfaceB.groundc.panelD.craft【答案】21. B22. A23.C 24. D25. B26. A 27. B28. A29. A 30. DB32. A 33. B34. D 35. C36. C37. D 38. C39. D40. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章论述了直升机式教育的危险是：过多地参与孩子的生活，尤其是在整个 大学期问，可能会导致抑郁，缺乏自立和自以为是，而令人担优的是：有关父母应防止“过度养育陷阱” 的警告，让父母根本不愿参与其中，这意味着，在过去的十年里，大学花了大量的时间来学习如何教育那 些过于投入的家长，而现在，大学却有了不同的麻烦。现在家长被建议要多问问题，多倾听，要有耐心， 并相信孩子们能够解决自己的问题。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过多地参与孩子的生活，尤其是在大学期间，会导致抑郁、缺乏自立能力和 优越感。A. independent独立的；B. involved有关的；参与;C. attached附加的;D. enclosed封闭的。根据“We have all heard th