2021-2022学年下学期杭州初中英语八年级期中典型试卷1.docx

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1、2021-2022学年下学期杭州初中英语八年级期中典型试卷1一.阅读理解（共5小题）1. （2021 春西湖区期末）In 2010, six people made history when they sailed （航行）across the Pacific Ocean in a boat.Why was this special? Because the boat was made from 12, 500 used plastic （塑料的）bottles, and its name was Plastiki.The journey wasnt easy.They took 128 da

2、ys to sail 9, 000 miles across the ocean from California, USA to Australia.During this time, they lived on the boat, ate food from cans and took showers in sea water.So why did they do it? Because they wanted to draw peoples attention to the problem of plastic waste.The Plastiki project was started

3、by David de Rothschild.In 2006, he read about plastic pollution in the seas and oceans, and learnt that one plastic bottle lasts for 450 years!Plastic waste causes 80% of ocean pollution, kills a million seabirds and 100, 000 fish and other sea animals.Many people think that this plastic waste comes

4、 from ships, but theyre wrong.The amazing fact is that 80% of the plastic in the oceans is made of the rubbish we drop in our streets, parks and beaches.The easiest way to make a difference is to stop using plastic shopping bags and disposable （次性的） water bottles.The great thing is that now millions

5、 of people are doing their own Plastiki in their homes, schools and offices.As David de Rothschild said, We arent scientists, were ordinary people.We want to show that if we work together, we can do something*.（1） Which of the following is right about six peoples journey? A.They took about two month

6、s to sail across the ocean.B.They sailed across the ocean from Canada to Australia.C.They went on the journey by taking an unusual boat.D/fhey ate sea food and drank sea water in the journey.（2） What is the purpose of the journey over the sea? A.To pick up rubbish like plastic bottles under the sea.

7、B.To carry out a scientific research on the sea animals.五.书面表达（共1小题）18. （2021春上城区期末）假定你是李平，你的意大利笔友Julia因为疫情封锁在家 （lockdown）给你发了邮件，对此进行回复，词数80个左右。Dear Li Ping,I have stayed at home for a long time because of COVTD - 19.1 know you also had the lockdown last year.How did you get on with your parents dur

8、ing the lockdown ? Did you do chores at home? Why? What kind of chores did you do?Looking forward to your replyJuliaDear Julia,Yours,Li Ping2021-2022学年下学期杭州初中英语八年级期中典型试卷1参考答案与试题解析一.阅读理解（共5小题）（2021 春西湖区期末湖n 2010, six people made history when they sailed （航行）across the Pacific Ocean in a boat.Why was

9、this special? Because the boat was made from 12, 500 used plastic （塑料的）bottles, and its name was Plastiki.The journey wasnt easy.They took 128 days to sail 9, 000 miles across the ocean from California, USA to Australia.During this time, they lived on the boat, ate food from cans and took showers in

10、 sea water.So why did they do it? Because they wanted to draw peoples attention to the problem of plastic waste.The Plastiki project was started by David de Rothschild.In 2006, he read about plastic pollution in the seas and oceans, and learnt that one plastic bottle lasts for 450 years!Plastic wast

11、e causes 80% of ocean pollution, kills a million seabirds and 100, 000 fish and other sea animals.Many people think that this plastic waste comes from ships, but theyYe wrong.The amazing fact is that 80% of the plastic in the oceans is made of the rubbish we drop in our streets, parks and beaches.Th

12、e easiest way to make a difference is to stop using plastic shopping bags and disposable （一次性的）water bottles.The great thing is that now millions of people are doing their own Plastiki in their homes, schools and offices.As David de Rothschild said, We arent scientists, were ordinary people.We want

13、to show that if we work together, we can do something”.（1） Which of the following is right about six peoples journey? CA.They took about two months to sail across the ocean.B.They sailed across the ocean from Canada to Australia.C.They went on the journey by taking an unusual boat.D.They ate sea foo

14、d and drank sea water in the journey.（2） What is the purpose of the journey over the sea? DA.To pick up rubbish like plastic bottles under the sea.B.To carry out a scientific research on the sea animals.C.To help people learn some tips for an enjoyable sail.D.To make people know the problem of the p

15、lastic waste.（3） How does the writer organize Paragraph 4? B A.By telling a story.B.By listing numbers.C.By showing opinions.D.By asking questions.（4） What may people do if they are doing their own Plastiki1,? AA.Turn used plastic into everyday objects and put into use.B.Buy some plastic bags when s

16、hopping in the supermarket.C.Use disposable plastic bottles to drink water in their office.D.Stop people from dropping much food waste in the street.【考点】健康环保类阅读.【分析】本文主要介绍了塑料垃圾的问题，并号召读者将塑料制品循环利用。【解答】(1 )C.理解判断题。根据 Why was this special? Because the boat was made from 12, 500 used plastic (塑料的)bottles

17、, and its name was Plastiki.为什么这很特别？因为这艘船 是由12500块旧塑料瓶子制成的，它的名字叫Plastikio可知他们搭乘了一艘不寻常的船。 应选C。(2) D.细节理解题。根据 So why did they do it? Because they wanted to draw peoples attention to the problem of plastic waste.那么他们为什么要这么做呢？因为他们想引起人 们对塑料垃圾问题的关注。应选D。(3)B.理解判断题。根据 Plastic waste causes 80% of ocean pollu

18、tion, kills a million seabirds and 100, 000 fish and other sea animals.塑料垃圾造成了 80%的海洋污染，杀死了 100万只 海鸟，10万条鱼和其他海洋动物。作者在第四段提出了大量的数据来支撑他的文章，故 选B。(4) A.理解判读那题。根据 The easiest way to make a difference is to stop using plastic shopping bags and disposable (次性的)water bottles.The great thing is that now milli

19、ons of people are doing their own Plastiki n in their homes, schools and offices.最简单的改变方法 是停止使用塑料购物袋和一次性水瓶。最棒的是，现在成千上万的人在家里、学校和办 公室里”做自己的Plastiki%划线的短语根据文章可以推断出是利用塑料废物来循环利用， B, C, D都违背了文章的意思没有倡导循环利用塑料制品，A项Turn used plastic into everyday objects and put into use.把用过的塑料变成日常用品并投入使用。符合文中提到的 塑料废物循环使用。应选A

20、。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选 项，仔细推敲，确定最正确答案。2. （2021 春淳安县期末）In the southern part of the Africa, just north of South Africa, there is a country called Botswana.And in the northwest corner of Botswana is a very unusual area： the Okavango Delta.Delta is usually in the place where a river goe

21、s into a large body of water 一 a lake or sea 一 and slows down.Over many years, the slowing river drops so much silt （泥 沙） at its mouth.As the silt builds up, a fan - shaped area of new land, the delta, appears.An example of such a delta is the great Nile Delta in Egypt.What makes the Okavango Delta

22、so unusual is that the Okavango River doesnt go into a larger body of water.After fanning out into many different small waterways and wetlands across the delta, the river simply disappears, either straightly into air or through the leaves （口十 子）of the plants growing there.If the Okavango River didnt

23、 end in a delta, this area would simply be a very dry part of the Kalahari Desert.But the river fans out, watering thousands of square kilometers.Much of the Okavango Delta is under good protection and is home to a lot of plant and animal life.Few people live in the delta, and tourism is in good car

24、eful control.Visitors come only by air in small groups and stay in tents or small wooden houses.Some different safari companies have rights to operate （经营）in certain areas in the delta.With the help of these companies the delta goes better and better.（1） Which of the following shows the right locati

25、on of the two countries? DBotswanaSouth AfricaA. South AfricaBotswanaB. South AfricaBotswanaC. BotswanaSouth AfricaD.(2) What do we know about a delta according to this passage? AA.Delta usually appears at the mouth of a river.B.Delta is usually a large square area.C.Delta is usually a very dry part

26、 of a desert.D.Delta is not a good place for wildlife to live in.(3) What does the underlined word disappeared” mean in the 2nd paragraph? BA.Came out.B.Went away.C.Got off.D.Picked up.(4) Why do some safari companies have rights to operate in the Okavango Delta! DA.Because they can make more people

27、 live in the delta.(5) ecause they can help visitors go there not only by air.C.Because they can develop these areas by building factories.D.Because they can protect the delta better by proper developing.【考点】史地常识类阅读.【分析】本文主要介绍了奥卡万戈三角洲的形成以及开展。【解答】(1 )D .细节判断题。根据第一段In the southern part of the Africa,

28、just north of South Africa, there is a country called Botswana在非洲I南部，也就是在南非的北部，有一个叫做 博茨瓦纳的国家。可知，博茨瓦纳在南非的北部。应选D。（2） A.推理判断题。根据第一段Delta is usually in the place where a river goes into a large body of water a lake or sea and slows down.Over many years, the slowing river dropsso much silt at its mouth.A

29、s the silt builds up, a fan - shaped area of new land, the delta,叩pears”三角洲通常出现在河流进入湖泊或海洋的大水域并流速减慢的地方。多年来，这条减速的河流在河口落下了很多淤泥。随着泥沙淤积，扇形的新陆地一一三角洲就出现 了。可知，三角洲通常出现在河口。应选A。（3） B.词义猜想题。根据画线词后文either straightly into air or through the leaves （叶子） of the plants growing there”要么直接进入到在空气中，要么进入到生长在那里的植物的叶 子中。可推

30、知,画线词disappeared意为“消失，went away”与此同义。应选B。（4） ）D.细节推理题。根据最后一段With the help of these companies the delta goes better and better”在这些公司的帮助下，三角洲地区开展得越来越好。可推知，一些狩猎公司有权在 奥卡万戈三角洲经营，是因为他们可以通过适当的开发更好地保护三角洲。应选D。【点评】这篇阅读生词较多，话题对学生来说很生疏。在做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏 览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅 读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再

31、回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。3. （2021 春钱塘区期末）You probably already know that exercise can help you stay healthy.Are you healthy? Even if you are, there are several reasons that you should exercise.First.exercise can give you energy（力量）.When you are tired during the day and you cant study or work, dont take a shor

32、t sleep.Take a walk or go for a run instead.Researchers looked at 70 different studies about exercise and fatigue （疲劳）.In the studies, people who didnt exercise started to exercise.As a result.They felt less fatigue.They didn*t feel tired during the day.Over 90 percent of the studies showed the same

33、 results.Second, exercise can help you sleep better.Exercising makes your body temperature higher.Your temperature goes back to normal about five to six hours after you exercise.You become sleepy at this point because the drop in temperature tells your body that its time to sleep.Also, exercise can

34、reduce stress.When you exercise, you have to pay more attention （注 意）to your body, so you cant think about you stressful thoughts too much.Finally, studies show that exercise is good for your memory.Exercising can improve your memory and make it easier to learn new things.Regular exercise can improv

35、e your life in so many ways.It can make you feel better, lookbetter, and do more.So why are you sitting there reading? Go out and exercise!(1) What can make you feel less tired ? CA.Reading books.B.Stopping exercising.C.Going for a run.D.Taking a short sleep.(2) What does the underlined word reduce”

36、 most probably mean? A A.Make something less.B Make something higher.C Make something stronger.D.Make something worse.(3) Whats the purpose (目的)of the text? BA.To show the reasons of getting tired.B.To ask people to take exercise.C.To solve the problems of reading.D.To tell people to keep healthy.(4

37、) Which of the following shows the structure of the text?(p-paragraph)DD.【考点】健康环保类阅读.【分析】本文介绍了锻炼的好处。即使你健康，你也有几个理由应该锻炼。作者列举了 锻炼有助于改善睡眠，能减轻压力，缓解紧张等几点好处。【解答】(1) C.细节理解题。根据文中 In the studies, people who didnt exercise started to exercise.As a result.They felt less fatigue.They didnt feel tired during the

38、 day.可知，在研究 中，不锻炼的人开始锻炼。结果，他们感觉不那么疲劳，白天也不觉得累。所以去跑步 能让你感觉不那么累。应选C。(2)A.词义猜想题。根据文中Also, exercise can reduce stress.When you exercise, you have to pay more attention (注意)to your body, so you cant think about you stressful thoughts too much.可知，另外，运动可以减少压力，当你运动的时候，你要多注意你的身体，这样你 就不能想太多有压力的想法。所以带下划线的单词”red

39、uce”最可能是使减少的意思。应选 Ao(5) B.主旨大意题。根据文中 Regular exercise can improve your life in so many ways.It can make you feel better, look better, and do more.So why are you sitting there reading? Go out and exercise!可知，有规律的锻炼可以在很多方面改善你的生活。它可以让你感觉更好， 看起来更好，做得更多。那你为什么坐在那里看书呢？出去锻炼吧！所以文章的目的是 要求人们锻炼身体。应选B。(6) D.文章结构

40、题。根据 Even if you are ，there are several reasons that you should exercise. 可知，即便你是健康的，你也有几个理由应该锻炼。可知，第一段提出了锻练；由下文 的First, Second, Also, Finally分述了锻炼的好处，2/3/4/5小段是并列的；最后是总结， 此本文采用了总分总的结构。应选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内 容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4. (2021 春上城区期末)Have you ever dropped your

41、 phone in water? If so, youYe not alone -a third of people throw away their phones because of water damage (毁坏).Well, I cant promise anything, but today Im going to tell you how to save a wet phone.First, you must get the phone out of the water as soon as possible.Every second its in the water, the

42、more likely It is to be too damaged to repair.So, dont stand there shouting Oh no!” Just save it right away.Next, you must switch （翻开或关掉） the phone off right away to stop water damaging the electrical circuit (电子电路).If it was off when it got wet you must leave it off.Switching it on at this point is

43、 the worst thing you could do.Now, dry out the outside of the phone.Then gently shake the phone, so that any water inside has a chance to come out.After that, you need to dry out the inside of the phone as much as possible.Get some uncooked rice and put it in a box or bag, and put the phone in the m

44、iddle of the rice.Close the box or bag so that the air cant get in, and then leave it for about 48 hours.While its drying out, you mustnt keep opening it to see whafs happening.lt takes time!After 48 hours you can take it out and try switching it on.You might be lucky and find the phone is working p

45、erfectly!But, be careful!You should back up everything on your phone as soon as you can because there may still be a problem and it could stop working again later.Anyway, good luck, and take care of your phones!(1) What does the underlined word jt* in Paragraph 3 refer to? AA.The phone.B.The water.C

46、.The worst thing.D.The electrical circuit.(2) Which of the following shows the correct order of the instructions? C a.Switch the phone off right away to protect the circuits.b.Switch the phone on and back up everything quickly.c.Dry out the inside of the phone as much as possible.d.Get the phone out

47、 of water as soon as possible.A.a - b - c - dB.a - d - b - cC.d - a - c - bD.d - c - b - a(3) How does the writer organize Paragraph 5? BA.By asking questions.B.By listing steps.C.By giving examples.D.By using numbers.(4) What is the writers purpose in writing this passage? B A.To explain why phones

48、 drop in water.B.To introduce how to save a wet phone.C.To tell people when to repair wet phones.D.To advise where to solve phone problems.【考点】日常生活类阅读.【分析】本文主要介绍了手机进水之后应该怎么办。【解答】(1) A.词义猜想题。根据第三段 Next, you must switch the phone off right away to stop water damaging the electrical circuit接下来，你必须关掉手机以防止水损伤电子电路， 据此判断这种情况下翻开手机是你能做的最糟糕的事情，据此猜想it代指手机，应选A。(2) C.细节理解题。根据第二段 First, you must get the phone out of the water as soon as possible.首先，你必须尽快把手机用水里拿出来，根据第三段Next, you must switch the phone off right away to stop water damaging th