2022年南京体育学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年南京体育学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. Chi

2、na was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句

3、说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错误。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organiz

4、e these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with theprogress in each.【答案解析】译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常是在家吃饭。试题分析: 此题考查副词意义辨析。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、 比拟地；C持续地、不间

5、断地；D完全地。第18题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water; or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that

6、 comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs （冰ill） and glaciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B、

7、About 97 per cent.C、Exactly 3 per cent.D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第19题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以

8、免。10第20题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第21题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chair

9、mans suggestion.A、stimulatedB perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】 动词的词义选取。第22题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer no

10、t to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.11A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens inte

11、rests and questions.D Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an ar

12、t, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第24题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心

13、：bear in mind或者keep in mind12第25题【单项选择题】This is good reading habits are not only an important study skill for thestudent, but also an important life skill for anyone.A、thatB、whyC、whereD、when【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。分析句意，空格处用why比拟好。why引导表 语从句。第26题【单项选择题】2008.04 Fish is and expensive at this time of the

14、year in this area.A、in large measureB、to the minimumC、in short supplyD、to the maximum【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供应不 足，价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货缺乏。第27题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of thei

15、r own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed t

16、his program. They are able to use their own rich13 imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official7 and planning group make all the design decisio

17、ns for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who vi

18、sits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为“帮助，与help同义。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 Many researchers, whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels （分贝）.They say such a limit is a greater dange

19、r than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A、 They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B、 They will protect animals from harmful noises.C、 They will try to set a limit

20、of 120 decibels.D、 They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises.本段的最后一句话是 答案的出处。第29题【单项选择题】14【阅读判断】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually ea

21、t turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第30题【单项选择题】概括大意Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all c

22、ontain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients （滋养）to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Ounces of Water Needed Per Day

23、B、Importance of WaterC、Water in Our BodyD The Function of Water【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过介绍水在我们身体里的含量、水存在身体的那些部位及水的一 些功能来证明水的重要性。因此选择Bo第31题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceived15C、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析

24、】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第32题【单项选择题】阅读选择War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with a

25、nimals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence c

26、an not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditi

27、ons have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by s

28、ocietyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human16 violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to

29、 aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第

30、34题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】

31、答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。”此处solely的表述是错误的。17第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to sch

32、ool. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children wh

33、o are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选Do第36题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D

34、野心、抱负。第37题【单项选择题】/ she is quite experienced in the work.A、As she is youngB、As young she isC、Young as she is18D、Young as is she【正确答案】c【答案解析】这是让步状语从句的倒装形式，相当于Although she was young。第38题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文

35、】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第39题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well. A、nourishedB stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第40题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been re

36、alized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals 19B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology

37、.C Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第3题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natura

38、l look which perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B.制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第4题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没

39、 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。2deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过

40、关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第41题【单项选择题】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation

41、【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查名词辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第42题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the

42、jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.20A、 they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they dese

43、rted their cities and moved to new ones.D they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进彳亍了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第43题【单项选择题】【2009.01 He has deep love for the people and loy

44、alty to the country.A、intenseB、initialC、instantD、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第44题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很

45、快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险21第45题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictab

46、le by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal st

47、imulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches,而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只 不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第46题【单项选择题】from readers.2007.04 The book fair has received a positiveA、resultB、 responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，