2022年宾语从句与介词宾语从句.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -1. 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.2. 构成：关联词 + 简洁句3. 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1) 从属连词 that .如：He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒适.I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了.注： that 在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情形下都可以省略.在以下情形下,that不能省略.A. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.an

2、d 连接两个宾语从句, that 宾语从句放在and 的后面时,that 不能省略.大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom 特别可怕.B. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.that 引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that 不能省略. 对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人.C. That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe.that 从句位于句首时, that 不行省略. 我简直不信任他曾说过这样的话.D. We decided, in view of his

3、 special circumstances, that we would admit himfor a probationary period. 主句谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语,that 不行省略. 鉴于他的特别情形,我们打算应允他一段试用期.(2) 从属连词if/whether.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -如：I doub

4、t whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会胜利.I don t know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮忙我.(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词where, when, how, why.如：Who or what he was, Martin never learned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道.I wonder what he s writing teo ambout.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事.I ll tell y

5、ou why I asked you to come.我会告知你我为什么要你来.You may do what you will.你可做任何你想做的事.宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语.如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快.I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的的方.I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么.Your success will largely depend upon what you do an

6、d how you do it.你是否胜利将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做.有时介词可以省略.如：I don t care for who marries him.我不管谁跟他结婚.Be careful as to how you do that.你要留意做这件事的方式.说明：1. 假如宾语从句后仍有宾语补足语,就用it 作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置.如：We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.我们认为小王昨可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2

7、 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -天没来是古怪的.He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已说明他不会屈服.2. 作介词的宾语：连词 that 引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在 except, but, in 后.其他一些介词的宾语从句假如由连词 that 引导,就需用 it 先行一步,作形式宾语.如：He is a good student except that he is carele

8、ss.他是一个好同学, 只是有点马虎.You may rely on it that I shall help you.你可以盼望我会帮忙你的.介词宾语不行以用which来引导,而要用what来引导.如： Are you sorry for what youve don你e.为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？3. 某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等,连词 that 可省略.如：I am not sure what I ought to do.我不能

9、确定我该做什么.I m afraid you don t understand what I s恐aid怕. 你没领悟我说的意思.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I m surprised that I didnhat tbseefoerea.ll t我好古怪,我以前没看到过.Mother可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到兴奋.4. 连词 whether or no或t if 引导的宾语从句if 和 whether 引导的宾语从句可以

10、互换使用,但whether常和 or not 连用, if 一般不与 or not 连用.如：I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假.用 if 引导宾语从句假如会引起歧义,应防止使用if 而用 wheter .试比较：Please let me know if you want to go. Please let me know whether you want to go.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑

11、资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -if 从句可懂得为宾语从句,意为“请告知我你是否想去”.此句又可懂得为条件状语从句意为 “假如你想去的话,请告知我一声”.5. 宾语从句的否定转移.在 think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式.如：I don t think you are right.我认为你错了.I don t believe they have finished their work yet.

12、我信任他们仍未完成他们的工作.I don t suppose he cares, does he. 我想他不在意,是吗？6宾语从句的时态变化规律：(1) 当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可依据需要用任何时态.(2) 当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范畴内的任何时态.但客观真理除外.如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说的球围着太阳运行.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载