高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案第m2449期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、The country was thrown into by the Presidents sudden death.A. chorusB. chaosC. circleD. claim答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为总统的突然离世，整个国家陷入一片混乱。A. chorus合唱队，歌舞队；B.chaos混乱，混沌；C. circle圆圈，周期；D.claim索要、声明。由语意可知，总统突然离世，造成的后果通常 是国家一时无主，所以陷入混乱之中。应选B项。2、 They make to carry brave

2、people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A. transports. vehicleC. transportationD. vehicles答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle车辆,运载工具；C. transportation运输工具。根据to carry brave people into space可知，他们制造运 载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。应选D。3、 Whe

3、n the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at.A. wrongB. troubleC. faultD. difficulty答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发动机发动不起来时，技工检查了所有的部件以找出毛病所在。A. wrong坏事; B trouble麻烦;C. fault故障；D. difficulty困难。由语意可知，发动机无法起动时，必定是机器出故障了。固 定短语at fault译为：出毛病，出故障。应选C。4、 It is generally agr

4、eed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular.30、Seeing the happy of children playing in the park, Im full of joy and confidence in the future of our travelagency.A. sightB. viewC. sceneryD. scene答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场景，我对我们旅行社的未来充满了喜悦和信心。 A.sight 景象;B.view 看法;C.s

5、cenery 风景;D. scene 场景。根据句意分析，children playing in the park 表孩子们在公园里玩耍，是一个动态情况，用scene符合语意。应选D项。31、As expected, the boy who shows great in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport universityfor his talent.A. requirements. respectC. additionD. promise答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，这个在打羽毛球方面大有可为的男孩因其天赋被

6、体育大学录取。A.requirement要求；B.respect尊重；C.addition增力口; D.promise希望,可能性。根据句意，此处表达“那个男 孩在羽毛球方面展现了极大的成功的可能性。应选D项。32、 Many people make a sharp between humans and other animals.A. balanceB. examinationC. distinctionD. conclusion答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把人类和其他动物区分得很清楚。A. balance平衡；B.examination检查；C. distinction区分

7、；D. conclusion结论。根据后文between humans and other animals”指区分人类和其它动物,应 用 distinctiono 应选 Co33、Linda wants to go abroad for further study after graduating from high school, but she needs to ask for her10 parents.A. movementB. professionC. destinationD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达高中毕业后想要出国深造，但是她需要征求父母

8、的许可。A.movement运动；B.profession IRJk； C.destination 目的地;D.permission 准许。结合句意可知,permission准许符合题意，故 选择D项。34、We should respect the peoples religious.A. blossomB. beliefC. poetD. award答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该尊重人民的宗教信仰。A. blossom花朵；B. belief信仰；C.poet诗人；D. award奖励。由religious可知,此处指宗教信仰。应选B项。35、Linda gave us a

9、 vivid of her trip to Mount Lushan after her return.A. directionB. explanationC. imaginationD. account答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达回来后给我们生动地描述了她的庐山之行。A.direction方向；B.explanation解 释；C.imagination想象力；D.account描述。由“of her trip to Mount Lushan可知,句子表示“琳达回来后给我们 生动地描述了她的庐山之行，空格处是描述，应选D。36、To the great of the citiz

10、ens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmedcases.A. relaxations. disappointmentC. reliefD. surprise答案：C11解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令市民大为宽慰的是，除了 136例确诊病例外，没有其他人感染了冠状病毒。A. relaxation 放松；B. disappointment 失望；C. relief 解脱、宽慰；D. surprise 惊讶。结合no one else was infected with the corona

11、virus”可知，知晓无其他人感染冠状病毒，市民肯定大感宽慰。应选C项。37 The US said it was ready to join the between the six countries and Iran.A. translations. determinationC. definitionD. negotiation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国表示，它已准备好参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。A. translation翻译；B.determination 决心；C. definition 定义；D. negotiation 谈判。 根据between the six

12、countries and Iran.“可知， 此 处表示参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。应选D。38、The of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the SundayParade of Citizens, and so on.A. collectionsB. attractionsC. relationsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个城市的吸引人之处有很多，比方它的主题公园、大型露天水幕电影、周日市 民游行等等。A. col

13、lections 收集；B. attractions 吸弓I ； C. relations 关系；D. occasions 场合。根据后文“of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so on可知此处指这个城市的吸引人之处，应用collections。应选B。39、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, bec

14、ause it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. comebackD. cooperation答案：A12解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果，因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outcome结果；B.outline概述；C eback重返；D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛结果。应选A。40、The only way to improve is through hard work and strong.A. confirmationB. r

15、egistrationC. perseveranceD. significance答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：进步的唯一途径是通过努力和坚强的毅力。A. confirmation确认，证实；B.registration登记，注册；C. perseverance毅力；D. significance重要性。根据句意及常识可知，只有通过努力 和坚定的毅力才能取得进步。应选C。41 Life is full of, so we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding.A. choicesB. candlesC. co

16、lorsD. competitions答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活中充满了选择，所以我们必须在做出决定之前仔细地考虑清楚要如何做出选 择。A. choices 选择；B. candles 蜡烛；C. colors 颜色；D. competitions 竞争。根据后文的 we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding可推断，此处指生活中充满了选择”，所以才需要在做出决定之前仔 细地考虑清楚要如何选择。应选A项。42 We have entered into age humans are concerned a

17、bout animal welfare.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. while答案：B解析：13 考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了关心动物福利的时代。先行词age,后接限定性定语从句，先行词在从 句中作时间状语，应用关系副词引导从句。应选B项。43、High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A. AgreementsB. EnvironmentsC. InstrumentsD. Achievements答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A.

18、Agreements同意；B. Environments 环境；C. Instruments 仪器，工具；D. Achievements 成就。The Four Great Achievements 为固定用法，意为“四 大创造。应选D项。44 In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our for him.A. attentionB. respectC. struggleD. request答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。

19、A.attention 注意；B. respect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。 根据“Professor Wang is a learned and kind man可知，在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for（向某人表敬意）可知，选B。45 Still, one thing is clear: speaking a language well needs both fluency andA. accuracyB. magnificenceC. significanceD. stimulat

20、ion答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一点是明确的：即说好一门语言需要既要流利又要准确。A.accuracy准确;B.magnificence华丽；C.significance重要；D.stimulation刺激。根据fluency可知,说好英语应该流利准确。故选Ao1446、The Chinese volleyball team won the World Cup victory, which was beyond our wildest.A. inspirationB. expectationsC. invitationsD. cooperation答案：B解析：考查名词

21、词义辨析。句意:中国排球队赢得了世界杯的胜利，这大大超出我们的预料。A. inspiration灵感；B. expectations期望；预料；C.invitations邀请；D.cooperation合作。根据句意可知，中国排球队赢得世界杯的 胜利，所以这出乎我们的意料，beyond ones expectation表示超出某人的预料，应选B。47、Since you have no child after ten years marriage, you/d better a child from local government forA. adapt; companyB. adapt;

22、friendC. adopt; friendD. adopt; company答案：D解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：既然你婚后十年没有孩子，你最好从当地政府收养一个孩子做伴。adapt v.适应；adopt V.收养；company n.陪伴；friend n.朋友。根据you have no child after ten years，marriage可矢口，第 一空是建议收养(adopt)一个孩子，第二空表示收养孩子的目的，for company为固定搭配，表示做伴。应选 D项。48、I think he was born to be an/a of a newspaper.A. s

23、weatB. editorC. helicopterD. whistle答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为他天生就是当报纸编辑的料。A. sweat汗水；B.editor编辑；C. helicopter 直升机；D. whistle 口哨。结合空后名词newspaper可知,此处指报纸编辑。应选B。49 The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.15A. conceptB. crewC. competenceD. cruelty答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析

24、。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体船员,全体机组人员;C. competence能力；D. cruelty残忍，残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience” 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。50、The map shows the to the base of the mountain, which can be reached in an hour.A. routeB. prospectC. gesture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张地图展示了到山脚的路线，一个小时就能到达。A.

25、route路线；B.prospect前 景；C. gesture姿势。根据句中which can be reached in an hour”可知，地图应该是展示了到山脚的路线，沿着 这条路线，一个小时就能到达山脚，route意为路线，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。51 The university will reach its of 5,000 students next September.A. accounts. benefitC. targetD. process答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这所大学明年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标。A. account账户；B.bene

26、fit利 益；C. target目标；D.process过程。由reach”和5,000 students next September”可知，句子表示“这所大学明 年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标,因此空格处是目标，M target,应选C。52 Some experts claim that the of students should cover more aspects, such as activity involvement andteamwork contributions.A. admissionB. assessmentC. awarenessD. ambition答案：

27、B16解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专家称学生评估应该包含更多方面，例如参与活动和团队贡献。A. admission成认；B. assessment 评估；C. awareness 意识；D. ambition 抱负。zzsuch as activity involvement andteamwork contributions.”可知，此处是指对学生的评估。应选B。53 Every Cannon digital camera we sell comes with a two-year.A. guarantees. safetyC. protectionD. promise答案：A 解析

28、: 考查名词辨析。句意:我们出售的每台佳能数码相机都有两年的保修期。A. guarantee保修；B. safety平安；C. protection 保护；D. promise 承诺。根据Cannon digital camera we sell及two-year”可知，出售的相机产品会有保修期。应选A。in the morning.54 The sunrise is a beautifulA. traditionB. gravityC. sceneD. dessert答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：早晨的日出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tradition传统；B.gravity重力；C.s

29、cene景色；dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。55、More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast in private rooms.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的旅行者于私家住房中寻求带有早餐的住宿。A. accommodation住宿；B.occupation工作；C.equipment设备；D. furniture家具。根据句意，此处指“住宿，应该用

30、名词 accommodation在介词for后作宾语。应选A项。1718A. gapsB. lengthC. intervalsD. distance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为一本好词典应该定期增加新内容。A. gaps隔阂，代沟；B. length长 度；C.intervals间隔,间歇；D.distance距离。结合句意表达“定期用at regula门ntervals。应选C。5、You can take as many as you like because they are free of.A. chargeB. fareC. moneyD. pay答案：A解析

31、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以想拿多少就拿多少，因为他们是免费的。A.charge费用；B.fare车费；C. money钱；D.pay薪水，工资。根据上文“because they are free of表示免费短语为free of charge,应选A。6、Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out acrosslong distances.A. occupations. applicationC. qualificationD. comp

32、osition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation职业，占领；B.application运用；C.qualification资格，授权；D. composition作文。根据句子结构 和意思可知，这里需要的是5G技术的广泛运用的意思，考查运用对应的名词，在句子中做介词短语Due to的宾语。应选B。7、 The couples kindness gave me a deep and reminded me of the best things about Christmas.A. impressi

33、onB. expressionC. descriptionD. collection答案：A 解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇的善良给我留下了深刻的印象，让我想起了圣诞节最美好的事情。A.impression EJ象；B. expression 表达；C. description 描述；D. collection 收集, 收藏品。 根据and reminded meof the best things about Christmas.”可知,impression 印象，符合题意。应选 A 项。8、As a who has left college for over half a year

34、; Marry finds it challenging to get a good job after herA. graduate; graduatingB. graduation; graduatingC. graduation; graduate .D graduate; graduation答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：作为一名离校半年以上的毕业生，玛丽觉得毕业后找份好工作很有挑战性。A第一空处前 为不定冠词a,设空处应为名词单数形式，根据句意，表示毕业生应用名词graduate；第二空处前为形容词 性物主代词，设空处应为名词，结合句意，此处表示毕业，应用名词graduation。应

35、选D。9、 Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangement答案：c解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B.tailor裁剪；C.guarantee保证；担保；D. arrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知,此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为在保修期内。应选C。10 Despite such a big difference in towards what o

36、ne eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regardthe Chinese food as something special.A. attitudeB. meansC. pointD. sight答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但毫无疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude态度；B. means方法；A point观点;D.sight视野,视力。短语attitude towards表示“对 的态度 符合句意。应选A项。11 If we want to achieve succ

37、ess or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A. positiveB. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage答案：c解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的;B. advantage优势（名词）；C.negative消极的;D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的we shouldnt focus too much

38、 on”可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选Co12、The managing director of this department took the for the accident, although it was not really hisfault.A. guiltB. responseC. blameD. conservation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不是他的错。A.guilt内疚；B.response 答复；C. blame 责任;D. conservation 节约。根据下文“although it wa

39、s not really his fault.”可知，这 个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当的责任。应选C项。小提示：13、 In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment答案：D 解析: 考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更平安的环境。A. system体系，系统;B. method方法；C.investment投资；D.environm

40、ent环境。根据常识可知,保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安 全的实验环境(environment)。应选D项。14 J.K. Rowling, the of Harry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB. hintC. posterD. author答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者JK罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B.hint暗示; C poster海报;D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知，J.K. Rowling是哈利波特的作者,用名词author, 意为作

41、者。应选D项。15、 My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.A. driverB. dancerC. teacherD. writer答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B.dancer舞蹈演员；C. teacher教师；D.writer作家。根据句中She teaches history very well”可知，我妈妈历史教得非常好，因此她 是一名教师。应选C项。16、I missed the first of the play.A. sce

42、neB. novelC. envelopeD. patience答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我错过了这出戏的第一幕。A.scene场景；B.novel小说；C.envelope信封；D.patience耐心。根据of the play可知，此处指的是戏剧的第一幕，应选A。小提示:17、 I wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他写了一封信，对他的体贴关怀表示感谢。A. a

43、chievement成就；B.agreement同意；C.attention注意力;D. appreciation感谢。结合句意可知,此处是表达对别人体贴的感激, 用appreciation符合题意。应选用18、Keep quiet, son! I need complete when Im working.Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again.A. silenceB. trustC. controlD. strength答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一安静点，儿子！我在工作时需要绝对的沉默。一一对不起，爸爸。我不会再发 出声响了。A.sil

44、ence寂静,沉默；B. trust信任;C.control控制;D.strength力量。由语境中父亲要求安静和 儿子做的回答不难推断，父亲想要安静的工作环境。应选A。19、Her own experience as a child was marked with adversity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults.（找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释）A. fortuneB. hardshipsC. prideD. kindness答案：B解析：考

45、查名词。句意：她的童年经历充满了逆境和不顺一一小时候她被幼儿园拒收，就连大人都用难听的名字称 呼她。A. fortune 运气；B. hardships 逆境，艰难；C. pride 自豪；D. kindness 善行。根据后文“she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults”可知，她的童年是充满挫折和不顺的,所以划线词所 指的也应该是这种意思，与B选项含义相同。应选B项。20、 In a, two or more speakers express two or more opposing

46、views.A. challenges. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点。A.challenge 挑战；B. schedule 计戈U表；C. opportunity 机会；D. debate 辩论。根据后文two or more speakers express two or more opposing views提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点，可知是在 辩论中。应选D。21、 He is a wonderful of mine and w

47、e can talk for hours on end.A. componentB. committeeC. communityD. companion答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会；C. community 社区;D. companion 同伴。根据前文“He”及后文we can talk for hours on end” 可知，此处指同伴；伙伴。应选D项。22、You should have asked for your parentsbefore you go out fo

48、r a whole night.A. permissions. excitementC. admissionD. encouragement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B.excitement激动；admission 成认；D. encouragement 鼓励。根据空后“before you go out for a whole night.”可知,因为要外出 待一整晚，所以空处需用名词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。23、 It was a great for Alice to be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists.A. functionB. requestC