高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案第m4109期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、We arrived at our,tired and hungry.A. destinationB. descriptionC. wisdomD. architect答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们到达了目的地，又累又饿。A. destination目的地；B. description描述，说明;C. wisdom智慧；D. architect建筑师。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词作宾语，需要目的地的意思。 应选Ao2、请选出与释义“能力”匹配的单词.A. confidences. competitio

2、nC. competenceD. convenience答案：C解析：考查词汇意思。A. confidence 信心；B. competition 竞争;C. competence 能力；D. convenience 便利。应选 C。3、Though college education leads to more and better employment opportunities, it is not the only for asuccessful future.A. optionB. gorgeC. principle答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管大学教育带来了更多更好的就

3、业机会，但它并不是一个成功的未来的唯一选 择。A. option选项，选择；B. gorge峡谷;C. principle原那么。根据句意可知,句中指大学教育并不是通向成功 的未来的唯,选择，由此可知，空格处应用option,意为选项，选择，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。4、 Sandra Oh, actress of “Killing Eve”, has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a Golden GlobeAward.剽窃，禁止剽窃，为的是确保原创，空处意思应该是“原创性。应选C。29、His naturaland wisdo

4、m made him very popular among the colleagues.A. charityB. chainC. charmD. chart答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。A.charity慈善机构；B.chain链条；C. charm魅力；D.chart图表。根据wisdom可知，他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。应选C项。30、Malala Yousafzai, a(n)of womens rights, became a victim of terrorist attack.A. inventorB. compet

5、itorC. advocateD. composer答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女权倡导者Malala Yousafzai成为恐怖袭击的受害者。A. inventor创造者;B.competitor 竞争者；C. advocate 拥护者，倡导者；D. composer 创作者。根据became a victim of terrorist attack.”可知,Malala Yousafzai是女权的倡导者。应选C。31 Visitors are not permitted anything without.A. touching; permitB. to touch; permit

6、ionC. to touch; permissionD. touching; allowance答案:C 解析: 考查固定短语和名词。句意：访客未经允许不得触摸任何东西。第一空，表示“被允许做某事可知，短语为bepermitted to do sth.；第二空表示未经允许”，应用名词permission,作介词的宾语。应选C。32、 The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to conflicts between countries.10A. tensionB. re

7、gulationC. processD. affection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项协议的签署将缓解国际紧张局势，这可能会结束国家之间的冲突。A. tension 紧张；B. regulation 规那么;C. process 过程;D. affection 喜欢。根据下文“which might bring an end to conflicts between countries”可知，此处表示将会使国际的紧张局势结束。应选A。33 progress he has made since he came to this language school!A. What muc

8、hB. How muchC. What a greatD. How great答案：A解析：考查感叹句。句意：自从他来到这所语言学校以来，他取得了多大的进步啊！分析句子结构可知，此处为感 叹句，句型为：what+a/an+adj.+n.+S+V!,排除B项和D项；此处修饰的名词progress是不可数名词，不用 冠词a限定，排除C项。应选A。34、We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every campers.A. experimentB. entertainmentC. equipmentD. settlem

9、ent答案:C解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道一个好的睡袋是每个露营者必备的装备。A.experiment实验； B.entertainment娱乐；C.equipment装备：D.settlement定居点。睡袋对露营者来说是一件装备，因此空格处 是 equipment,应选 C。35、Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 oclock this evening?A. satisfactions. appointmentC. delightD. convenience答案：D11解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗今.sa

10、tisfaction满意;B.appointment约会,预约， 约定；C.delight高兴；D.convenience方便。分析可知，名词convenience符合句意，作动词suit的宾语。应选 D项。36、Please mind your in public.A. behaviorB. reflectionC. creativityD. sculpture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在公共场合请注意你的举止。A. behavior行为，举止；B. reflection深思；C.creativity创造力;D. sculpture雕塑。由空后in public和句意可知,此处需

11、用名词behavior,表示在公共场合 注意举止。应选A。37、 Id love to, but I have a（an）with my doctor.A. appointmentB. certificateC. sympathyD. basement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很想去，但是我和我的医生有约。A. appointment约会；预约；B. certificate证 明;证明书;C. sympathy同情;D. basement地下室。根据后文“my doctor（我的医生）”可知，我应是与医生 约好了。have an appointment with sb.,固定短语

12、，“与某人有约定（预约），应选A项。38、Youve got to start the to get the car going.A. investigationB. engineC. struggleD. performance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须启动发动机才能使汽车开动。A.investigation调查；B.engine发动机：C.struggle斗争；D.performance表现。根据句意表示使汽车开动，可知应填入发动机。应选1239、Although my new cellphone has many it doesnt well.A. functions,

13、 functionB. function, functionsC. functions, functionsD. functionjunction答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为“功能”, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为“运行”，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Aa40、It is to come into your leaders/ office without their permission.A. a good mannerB. a bad mannerC. bad m

14、annersD. good manners答案:C解析：考查固定句型。句意：未经领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，“manner意为“方式，方 法”，名词词性，作礼貌讲时，应用其复数形式manners, It is bad manners to do sth.意为做某事是不礼貌 的”，故空格处应用bad manners。应选C项。41、He fought against the illness with courage and.A. floodB. visaC. plateD. determination答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. f

15、lood洪水；B. visa签证；C. plate盘子；D.determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。42、There are many in your homework, so youd better correct them before you hand it in .A. baseB. errorsC. behaviourD. bad13答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的作业中有很多错误，所以你最好在交上来之前改正。Abase根基，基础；B. errors错误;C. behaviour行为；D. bad坏人，坏事。根据so youd

16、better correct them ”可知,作业中有错误。 应选Bo43、“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with clearly in her voice.A. angerB. confusionC. regretD. panic答案：D解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：“汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。A.anger愤怒, 生气;B.confusion困惑；C.regret后悔,遗憾;D.panic惊慌，恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他

17、母亲是恐 慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：44、You cant take photos without her.A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. permission答案：D解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.adventure冒险；B.fault过错；C.patience耐心；D.permission允许。由You cant take photos without her”可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照”,因此空 格处为“允许，应选D。45、If what your friend comes up with surprises y

18、ou, dont express your immediately.A. regionB. rejectionC. electionD. mission答案：B14解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你的朋友给你惊喜,不要立即表示拒绝。A.region地区；B.rejection拒绝,抛 弃；（Selection 选举；D.mission 任务。根据If what your friend comes up with surprises you”可知，不要拒绝朋友 给你带来的惊喜。应选九46、They were all brave enough to take up arms in of thei

19、r country.A. conflicts. defenceC. contentD. represent答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。A. conflict冲突；B. defence保卫；C.content内容;D. represent代表,动词。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语in defence of,表示保卫, 应选BoIt was to be invited here today.A. great honourB. honouringC. a great honourD. honoured答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：今天被邀请到这

20、里来是极大的荣幸。分析句子结构可知，这是固定句型ltis/was+名词/ 形容词+动词不定式,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式to be invited here,抽象名词honour意为荣幸， 表示具体的事物时候，是可数名词，前面可以用a/an修饰，根据great首字母是辅音音素，因此，应该用a 修饰，即a great honour。应选C项。48、I failed in my to persuade her to go with me.A. attemptB. attackC. thrillD. border答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. a

21、ttempt试图;B. attack攻击;C. thrill激15 动；D. border边界。in ones attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed可知，是试图说服，但失败。应选A。49、What a! I wasnt expecting to see you here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊!我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典,典范；B. characteristic特色;C. certificate 证书；D. c

22、oincidence 巧合。根据后文“I wasnt expecting to see you here.”可知遇见是巧合，应用 coincidence。应选 Do50、Shes battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A. complaintB. consequenceC. conscienceD. composition答案:C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨； B. consequence 结果；C. conscience

23、良心；D. composition 成分。根据whether to tell the police what she saw. 可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。51、To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.A. strengthsB. benefitsC. valuesD. manners答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让团队成员表现得更好，教练首先必须知道他们的长处和缺点。A. strengths 优点；B. bene

24、fits利益：C. values价值：D. manners礼貌。根据后文“and weaknesses可知指优点、长处和缺 点，应用strengths。应选A。52、It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular.16A. gapsB. lengthC. intervalsD. distance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为一本好词典应该定期增加新内容。A. gaps隔阂，代沟；B. length长 度;C. intervals间隔，间歇;D.

25、distance距离。结合句意表达定期”用at regidar intervals。应选C。53、Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the rest of the century.A. concernB. signalC. strategyD. accident答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； signal信号,预兆;strategy策略；accident意外事故。根据上文的look forward展望”可推断，领导层想

26、要展 望未来，制定策略。应选C。54、Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out acrosslong distances.A. occupationB. applicationC. qualificationD. composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation 职业，占领;B. application 运用；C. qualificati

27、on 资格,授权;D. composition 作文。根据句子结构 和意思可知，这里需要的是“5G技术的广泛运用的意思，考查“运用”对应的名词，在句子中做介词短语“Due to的宾语。应选B。55、His hard work made him very successful in his job.A. NP AdjpB. NP AdvpC. Adjp NPD. NP NP答案：C17解析：考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意：他的努力工作使他在工作上非常成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful,该短语在句中作宾

28、语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job.是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。18A. distinctionB. discriminationC. descriptionD. determination答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓(Sandra Oh)是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.distinction 荣誉，勋章；B. discrimination 区别,歧视；C. description 描写;D. determination 决心，果断。这是一个Award (奖项)，她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合

29、语境，应选Ao5、Friends can be divided into many. Some are say-hello friends who I call acquaintances. Some are profit- related friends; some are true friends.A. portionsB. qualitiesC. varietiesD. ranges答案：C解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意：朋友可以分为很多种类。有些是打招呼的朋友，我称之为熟人。有些是与利益有 关的朋友；有些是真正的朋友。A. portions局部；B. qualities质量；C. var

30、ieties种类；D. ranges范围。根据 “Some are say-hello friends who I call acquaintances. Some are profit-related friends; some are true friends.“可知， 朋友会被分成很多种类。应选C。6、Mr. Brown thought it would be a good idea to have from his workers to improve his plan.A. summariesB. admissionsC. commentsD. connections答案：C解析：考

31、查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗先生认为征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划是个好主意。A. summaries总结；B admissions 准许进入;C. comments 意见，评论;D. connections 连接。根据from his workers to improve his plan.可知，此处表示征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划。应选C。7、The stronger the is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.A. motivationB. contributionC. pressureD. possib

32、ility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个人学习外语的动力越强，他就会学得越快。A. motivation动力；B.contribution 贡献；C. pressure 压力;D. possibility 可能性。根据后文“the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language”可知，此处指学习外语的动力越强，就学得越快，应用motivation,应选A。8、Typically, a mountain range will be the boundary between the area of two poleis （城邦）o

33、r a of water,because Greece has the sea winding through it everywhere.A. stretchB. pickC. profileD. division答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：比方，一座山脉,就能成为一种典型的城邦之间边界，由于希腊四处邻海，一段水域也 可以成为边界。A.stretch（土地;水域）一片；一段；B.pick挑选;选择；C.profile概述;简介;D.division分 开；分隔。此处指把一段水域作为分界线，应选A。9、When the ship was about to sink, the capt

34、ain had no but to give orders to abandon the ship.A. timeB. powerC. optionD. strength答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当船即将漂浮时，船长别无选择，只能下令弃船。A.time时间；B. power力量；C.option选择；D. strength力气。固定短语have no option but to do sth.意为“除了 别无选择“，该空应该填 名词option,符合句意及其语法结构。应选C项。10、As senior three students, we had better follow the

35、 as much as possible from our teachers and parents;although they are a bit nagging （唠叨）,indeed we are expected to make in all aspects.A. advice; progressB. advices; progressC. advices; progressesD. advice; progresses3答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：作为高三的学生，我们尽可能多地听取老师和家长的建议；虽然他们有点唠叨，但我们确 实有望在各方面取得进步。advice （建议）和prog

36、ress （进步）都是不可数名词，应选A。11、I bought the dress for only fifty yuan at the sales.Really ? It was a real. How I wish I would have such a good chance!A. goalB. bargainC. exchangeD. business答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我在减价时只花了五十元买了这件衣服.一一真的？真划算。我多么希望我有 这样一个好机会! A.goal目标：B. bargain廉价货;C. exchange交换;D. business生意。根据

37、后文How I wish I would have such a good chance!”可知回答者认为这件衣服很划算，短语a real bargain合算的交易”。应选Be12、His rude behavior was really a, which made his friends embarrassed.A. virtueB. visionC. leisureD. disgrace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B.vision 视力，视觉；C. leisure 闲暇；D. disgrace 耻辱，丢脸

38、。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassed”可 知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。应选D。13、During the pandemic, my mom expressed her about my health.A. complaintB. concernC. curiosityD. doubt答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：疫情期间，妈妈对我的健康表示担忧。A. complaint抱怨：B. concern担忧；C.curiosity好奇;D. doubt怀疑。根据前半句During the pandemic可知，因为在疫情期

39、间,所以空处需用名词concern,表示妈妈对我的健康担忧。应选Be14、One day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close with death.A. confusingB. combinationC. criticizeD. encounter答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当他正开着大卡车的时候，他和死神有一个亲密接触。A.confusing adj.难 以理解的;B bination n.结合（体）n.联合（体）；C.criticize v.批评,指责;D.encounter n.遭遇，偶遇。 根据句

40、子结构可知，这里需要名词，被形容词close修饰，做动词had的宾语，分析句子意思可知，他是卡车 司机，正在开车的时候应该是很危险的事情发生，所以是和死神有一个亲密接触，意思符合句意。应选D。15、The car factory has produced a new car of high quality; its only is that it uses a lot of petrol.A. advantages. profitC. mistakeD. drawback答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家汽车厂生产了一款高质量的新车；它唯一的缺点是耗油量大。A. advantage有

41、利条件，优势;B. profit利益，好处；C. mistake错误，过失;D. drawback缺点，不利条件。由语意可知,新 车有一个缺点，drawback符合语境，在句子作主语。应选D项。16、To get the job, the had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the Great BarrierReef.A. operatorsB. candidatesC. conservationistD. manager答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了得到这份工作，应试者必须制作一个简短的视频，展示他

42、们对大堡礁了解多 少。A. operators操作人员;B. candidates候选人,应试者;C. conservationist自然环境保护主义者;D.manager经理。根据前文“To get the job”可知,此处指应试者。应选B项。17 Xingyi is one of the most beautiful in Guizhou.A. citiesB. cityC. snackD. snacks答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴义是贵州最美丽的城市之一。city：城市；snack：小吃。根据。ne of +名词复数, 排除B,C,再由句意选择A。18、His primar

43、y concern is not with his own, but he focuses on how much more he can help others, revealing （展现）a fine character.A. independenceB. mannerC. entertainmentD. welfare答案:D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最关心的不是自己的幸福，而是他能帮助别人多少，展现出他的优秀品质。A.independence 独立；B. manner 方式，举止；C. entertainment 娱乐；D. welfare 福祉，福利。根据help other

44、s” 和revealing a fine character可知，他最关心的不是他自己的幸福。应选D。19、This morning, Jenny was praised by our English teacher because of her good in the Englishcompetition.A. performB. performingC. performedD. performance答案：D解析：考查名词词性转换。句意：今天早晨，詹妮被英语老师表扬了，因为她在这次英语竞赛中的良好表现。分析 可知空格处是名词作宾语，指英语竞赛中的良好表现，故应用名词performance,

45、此处为不可数名词。应选D 项。20、Well, if you insist on eating so much, you will have to suffer the.A. consequencesB. exercisesC. evidenceD. exchanges答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：好吧，如果你坚持吃这么多，你将不得不承当后果。A. consequences后果；B.exercises练习;C. evidence证据;D. exchanges交换。根据句意可知,吃的太多会对健康造成不好的影响,由 此可知，应该是不得不承当“后果。应选A项。21 The sunset wa

46、s a very beautiful.A. sightB. registrationC. nationD. volunteer答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：日落是非常美丽的景色。A. sight景色;B. registration注册;C. nation国家；D.volunteer志愿者。由上文Fie sunset可知，日落是美丽的景色，应选A。22、We have moved into a three-room flat so far. Our room is between.A. Marys and HelensB. Mary and HelensC. Mary and Helen

47、D. Mar/s and Helen答案：A解析：考查名词所有格。句意：目前，我们已经搬进了一个三居的公寓。我们的房间就在Mary和Helen的中间。根 据前句a three-room flat (三居的公寓)，可知有三间卧室，我们和Mary以及Helen每人一间卧室,所以我们 的房子才能在她们俩人的之间(between) o A项表示Mary和Helen分别有一间卧室。应选A项。23、Now that some endangered species are disappearing from the world at an alarming speed, its crucial to rai

48、se peoples of protecting our planet.A. comprehensionB. consciousnessC. conscience 答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于一些濒危物种正以惊人的速度从世界上消失，提高人们保护地球的意识至关 重要。A. comprehension理解力；B. consciousness意识，观念；C. conscience良心，良知。根据句意可知,濒 危物种正以惊人的速度从世界上消失，由此可知，应该提高人们保护地球的意识，“consciousness意为“意识, 观念”，名词词性，“raise ones consciousness of.意为提高某人的意识”。应选B项。24、I hold a firm that the visiting team （客队）wil