美赛培训论文8501.docx
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1、Formmatiion andd Vaariaatioon oof tthe Greeat Paccifiic GGarbbagee PaatchhAbsttracctIn tthiss paaperr, wwe bbuilld aa moodell byy uttiliize dynnamiic aanallog to exppounnd tthe forrmattionn off thhe ooceaan ggarbbagee paatchh.Our desstinnatiion is to traack thee liitteer ddebrris andd fooreccastt it
2、ts ffutuure conndittionns tto hhelpp maanaggingg itt. AAfteer tthe anaalyssis, wee fiind thaat tthe vellociity of traash allleviiatees aas ttimee gooes on. Trrashh dooes itss mootioon iin ttwo proobabble wayys, onee iss duue tto rresiistaancees ggiveen bby ssea watter, annd aanottherr iss duue tto d
3、dampped vvibrratiion. Byy ussingg cllasssic phyysiccal theeoriies, wee caaptuure maiin mmotiivess prropeelliing traash intto tthe South Paccifiic GGyree. TThatts hoow tthe greeat garrbagge ppatcch fformms.Accoordiing to theemoddel andd thhe iits ressultt, wwe fformmulaate thee moonittoriing proograa
4、m.Comppareed wwithh thhe pphyssicaal ttrutth, thee moodell allso hass soome unssatiisfaactoory asppectts, butt itt haas ssomee reeferrencce.IntrroduuctiionWherre eeverr iss thhe wworllds laargeest dummp? It is loccateed iin tthe Paccifiic OOceaan, aboout onee thhoussandd siix hhunddredd kiilommeteer
5、s wesst oof CCaliiforrniaa, caalleed tthe Greeat Paccifiic OOceaan GGarbbagee Paatchh. Acccorrdinng tto pperttineent datta11, it is tenn miilliion tonns oof ddebrris littterr thhat is pillingg upp thheree, llikee a plaastiic ssoupp whhen peooplee arre llookkingg ahheadd. AAnd 80 perrcennt oof tthe t
6、raash is froom mmainn coontiinennts, 100 peerceent connsissts of useed nnetss orr ottherr fiishiing toools andd thhe ootheer 110 pperccentt off trrashh iss frrom passsinng-bby sshipps. Mosst oof tthe garrbagge iislaandss arre iin ooceaanicc gyyress.Noowaddayss, aa wiide varrietty oof ttechhniccal an
7、dd sccienntiffic proobleems asssociiateed wwithh thhis debbriss maass areecommingg too liightt. BBut unttil noww, nno oone cann reeasoon ooutiits covveraage areea eexacctlyy annd tthe greeat ecoonommic losssess eccoloogiccal imppactt annd tthe Paccifiic OOceaan GGyree haas ccaussed.Longg-teerm efffe
8、cttiveemetthodds aare seaarchhed to objjecttiveely chaaraccterrizeethee Gyyre.Thee occeann cuurreent is tthe mecchannismmof thee Grreatt Paaciffic Oceean Garrbagge PPatcch. In ourr paaperr, wwe wwillltakke tthe souuth paccifiic ooceaan ggarbbagee paatchh foor eexammplee, ffocuusinng oon hhow thee de
9、ebriis llittter driiftss inn thhe ffluiid, asssembbless inn quuanttityy, ddisttribbutees unnderrthee efffecct oof ooceaan ccurrrentts iin.Aftterwwardds, in acccorddancce wwithh ouur mmodeel,wwe pprojjectt prroceessrreassonaablee suuggeestiionss too moonittor thee Gyyre, trrackkingg itts grrowtth.Ass
10、uumpttionns1. Regaardllesss off tiime andd geeogrraphhicaal pposiitioons iimpaactss onn thhe sspeeed oof tthe oceean currrennts, wee coonsiiderr thhe sspeeed aas cconsstannt vvaluue.2. Accoordiing to thee daatumm2, wee deesiggnatte tthe speeed of thee weest winnd ddrifftvp1as 1.44 kmm/h, thhat of Pe
11、rru CCurrrenttvp2as 1 km/h, thaat oof tthe souuth equuatooriaal wwarmm cuurreent as vp33 kkm/hh, tthatt off thhe nnortth AAusttrallia currrennt aas vvp41.44 kmm/h.3. Regaard thee fllow of thee cuurreentss ass sttatiionaary floow aand thee seeawaaterr ass Neewtooniaan ffluiid, whiich meaans thee viis
12、coositty oof tthe seaawatter is connstaant.4. Conssideer tthe levvel of thee seea iis iin llamiinarr fllow.5. The masss ppoinnts mmotiion in thee seea ccan be infflueenceed bby tthe oceean currrennt nno mmattter howw faar tthe malll ppoinnt iis aawayy frrom it.6. The masss ppoinnts mmotiion is synnt
13、heesizzed by thee suub-mmoveemennt oof pper oceean currrenntreegarrdleess of efffectts oof ootheer ffacttors.The ModdelIn oour moddel, wee wiill utiilizze ddynaamicc annaloog tto eexpooundd thhe fformmatiion of thee oceaan ggarbbagee paatchh.Thee moodell suubsttituutessstrraigght linnes forroceean c
14、urrrennts whiich forrm tthe gyrre, iin tthe moddeltthe oriienttatiion of thee sttraiightt liine reppressenttatiive of thee fllow dirrecttionn annd tthe speeed vallue rettrosspecct tto tthe asssumpptioon NNo.44. SSequuenttiallly, wee siimpllifyy thhe pphyssicaal ttrutth aas tthatt shhownn inn thhe ff
15、iguure 1. (Due to thee chhangge oof tthe dirrecttionn off thhe PPeruu Cuurreent on passsagge, thee siimpllifiied moddel repplacces toww sttraiightt liiness, wwhicch aare of thee saame speeed butt diiffeerennt ddireectiion, off thhe PPeruu Cuurreent.)Figuure 1:tthe Disstriibuttionn off thhe OOceaan C
16、Currrentts iin tthe Souuth Paccifiic OOceaanThenn,ouur mmodeel ttalkks ooverr hoow tthe oceean currrennt eeffeect thee maass poiints mmoveemennt, morre sspeccifiicallly, thhe eeffeect on thee veeloccityy off thhe ddireectiion parralllel to thee liine andd peerpeendiicullar to thee liine.Lets ddisccu
17、sss thhe eeffeect on thee maass poiints vveloocitty oof tthe dirrecttionn paaralllell too thhe llinee fiirsttly.Accoordiing to thee asssummptiion No.3 aand No.4 aand thee reelattivee innforrmattionn3, wwe ccan desscriibe thee occeann cuurreent floow aas oone-dimmenssionnal steeadyy fllow. Onn thhe b
18、basiis oof NNaviier-Stookess Eqquattionn shhow bellowY meeanss thhe mmasss foorcee off thhe ddireectiion Y-aaxiss, iin oour moddel; mmeanns tthe dennsitty oof ssea watter; meeanss thhe kkineemattic visscossityy off seea wwateer, , meeanss thhe ddynaamicc viiscoositty oof ssea watter. Wee caan ssimpp
19、liffy tthe equuatiion aboove andd geet tthe onee beelowwInteegraate andd geet (1)So wwe pplugg toow bbounndarry ccondditiionss (22) sshowwn bbeloow iintoo thhe fformmulaa (11)inteegraal cconsstannt iis ddeteermiinedd ,Sincce, so(2)We ccan makke aa cooncllusiion thaat tthe masss ppoinnts vveloocitty
20、iin tthe dirrecttionn paaralllell too thhe ooceaan ccurrrentt iss thhe ssamee ass thhat of thee occeann cuurreent.Secoondlly wwe ffocuus oon tthe masss ppoinnt veeloccityy inn thhe ddireectiion perrpenndicculaar tto tthe oceean currrennts ddireectiion.Haviing conssulttedsoome matteriialss4,we deccid
21、ee thhat thee occeann cuurreents iimpaact on flooateers in thee diirecctioon pperppenddicuularr too thhe ooceaan ccurrrentts ddireectiion is equuivaalennt tto wwavee daampeed oosciillaatioon.Thee faarthher awaay ffromm thhe wwavee soourcce, thee weeakeer tthe osccilllatiion is, whhichh meeanss inn o
22、uur mmodeel tthatt thhe ssmalllerr thhe ffloaaterrs vveloocitty iin tthe dirrecttionn peerpeendiicullar to thee occeann cuurreents ddireectiion is. Annd tthe vellociity vallue is (3)A meeanss osscilllattionn raangee,; meeanss thhe ddamppingg cooeffficiientt, ; d mmeanns tthe disstannce thee poointt
23、frrom thee soourcce oor tthe linne; thee evvoluutioon mmeanns vveloocitty iis tthe eneergyys evvoluutioon.The disstannce d iis ddeteermiinedd byy thhe fformmulaa beeloww (4) Thhen we shoouldd deecidde tthe equuatiionss off thhe sstraaighht llinees off thhe ooceaan ccurrrentts. Acccorddingg too thhe
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