2023年高考英语核心名词构成的短语大梳理.docx

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1、高考核心名词构成的必考短语大梳理achievementa sense of achievement 种成就感actan act of kindness 善举agreementsign an agreement 签订协议arrive at/come to/reachan agreement（with）（与）达成协议carry out an agreement 执行协议hold to/keep an agreement 遵守协议actionin action在活动中；在运转out of action失去作用；停止运转activityoutdoor/ cultural/ leisure/ class

2、room activities户外/文化/休闲/课堂活动additionin addition另外；加之in addition to 除之外（还）advancemake great advances 取得很大进展technological/scientific/medical advances 技术/科学/医学上的进步advantagea big/considerable/great advantage 大的/相当大的/很大的优势have the advantage of 有的优势take advantage of 利I用advicea piece of advice 一条建议ask/seek

3、 ones advice征求某人的意见 accept/follow/take ones advice 接受某人的 意见affairthe Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部 current/international/business affairs时事/国际事务/商务an expert on foreign affairs 夕卜事专家put ones affairs in order把某人的事务安排 妥当aiddo/give/offer first aid 进行急救 with the aid of在的帮助下;借助于come/go to one*s aid 帮助某人

4、aimachieve/realize ones aim到达目的/实现目标 miss ones aim打不中目标；达不到目的 aim to do sth./aim at doing sth.力求彳故某事 a programme aimed at teenagers 针对青少年的节目airin the air(某种情绪)弥漫在空气中；即将发 生on(the)air正在广播air ones views/complaints 述说看法/怨言alarmraise/sound the alarm 发出警报set the alarm for six把闹钟定在6点alternativehave no alte

5、rnative but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择alternative energy替代能源（指太阳能、风 能、水能等）ambitionachieve/fulfill/realize an ambition 实现抱负amountamounts of/a large（huge）amount of 大量的a small/tiny amount of 少量的amount to到达（某数量）；合计；相当于；at the end of the day 最终；到头来 bring/put an end to 结束；终止 by the end of在结束时;到末为止come to an end

6、告终；结束；完结 in the end最后；终于 make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵；勉强维持生计on end连续地energy(be)full of energy 充满活力environmenta working/learning environment 工作/学习环 境envybe the envy of是令羡慕或嫉妒的对象errorin error弄错了的；错误地eventat all events/in any event不管怎样；无论如何 in the event结果；到头来in the event of/that 如果发生；倘假设examinationtake/si

7、t/do an examination(in.)参力口()考试examplefollow ones example学习某人；效仿某人for example 例如set an example to sb.为某人树立典范take.for example 以为例exceptionwithout exception 毫无例夕卜make an exception 破例exchangean exchange student 交换生an exchange of ideas/information 思想/信息交流 in exchange for 交换foreign exchange 夕卜汇an exchang

8、e rate 汇率excitementin excitement兴奋地；激动地existencecome into existence 开始存在； 产生expectationbeyond(sb.s)expectation(s)出乎(某人)意料 地expensespare no expense(in doing sth.)不惜费用(做某 事)living/household expenses 生活费用/家庭开 支at one*s expense由某人付费/负担费用at the expense of 以为代价eyeBeauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出

9、西施。have an eye for对 有鉴赏力/识别力 keep/have ones eye on 密切注视；监视keep an eye on照看；注意keep an eye out(for)密切注意；留神 shut/close ones eyes to 对视而不见；对置之不理faceface to face面对面地 in the face of面对；不顾 lose face丢脸；失面子 make/pull a face/faces 做鬼脸 to ones face当着某人的面 (be)faced with 面临factas a matter of fact 事实上 in fact其实；实际

10、上failwithout fail必定；总是;务必fancytake a fancy to 喜欢take ones fancy非正式用语引起某人的兴趣fashionin(a).fashion 以的方式faultat fault有责任;有过错find fault(with)找磕儿；抱怨；挑剔ones fault某人的过错favourdo sb.a favour帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favour请某人帮助win ones favour赢得某人的好感/欢心in favour of赞同；支持in ones favour对某人有利fearwith fear害怕地for fear of(doing

11、)sth./for fear(that)生怕；以免 infear(ofsth.)恐惧(某事);担忧(某事) without fear(ofsth)不畏惧(某事)firecatch fire 着火play with fire 玩火set.on fire/set fire to 使燃烧；放火烧under fire遭到炮火袭击；受到严厉批评/责难flashin/like a flash很快地；马上fleshflesh and blood 血肉之躯 in the flesh活生生地；本人focusin focus焦点对准的；清晰的out of focus焦点未对准的；模糊不清的 focus（.）on/

12、upon 集中（）于；聚焦（）于followingthe following以下人员；以下事物foolmake a fool of 愚弄make a fool of oneself 干蠢事；出洋相footdrag ones feet拖拉；行动缓慢on foot步行set foot in/on进入；访问；参观stand on ones own feet 独立自主forcein force（法律等）有效；在实施中formerthe former.the latter.前者后者fortunemake a fortune 发财;发迹friendbe/make friends（with）（与） 交朋友k

13、eep friends with与保持友好关系make friends again言归于好;重修旧好frontin front（of）在（外部的）前面；在（）面前in the front（of）在（内部的）前部fruitbearfruit（树等）结果；（计划等）成功funfor fun为了玩乐in fun闹着玩地have fun玩得开心make fun of取笑；拿开玩笑futurein future 今后in the (nearjfuture 在(不久的)将来have a/no future有/没有前途；有/没有未来 there is a/no future in sth.某事有/没有前途g

14、oalachieve/attain/reach ones goal 实现目标set a goal设定目标groundgive/lose ground退让； 让步； 失利groupa group of 一群(组)guardon guard站岗；值班；保持警惕off (sbs) guard不提防；丧失警惕guidanceunder the guidance of sb./under ones guidance在某人的指导下in horror恐惧地to ones horror/to the horror of sb.使某人感至U惊恐的是hospitalbe taken to hospital 被送往

15、医院hourwork long/regular hours工作时间长/工作时间固定by the hour按小时/钟点hour by hour时时刻刻地keep early/late hours早睡早起/晚睡晚起houseat ones house在某人家里move house 搬家humo(u)ra sense of humour 幽默感huntera bargain hunter淘廉价货的人a job hunter 求职者hono(u)ra man of honour品德高尚的人a matter/point/question of honour 道义上的事have the honour of

16、(doing)sth.有幸彳故某事in honour of sb./in ones honour 为向某人表示敬意；为纪念某人be/feel honoured to do sth.做某事感到荣幸 hopebe beyond hope(of)没有(的)希望in the hope of/in hopes that/in the hope that怀着的希望I hope so/not.我希望是/不是。hope to do sth,希望做某事hope for the best做最好的打算；希望某事顺利horrorhurryin a/ones hurry 匆忙； 急于in no hurry 不着急ide

17、aI have no idea.我不知道come up with an idea 想至U个主意illnesssuffer from a serious illness 患重病 recover from an illness从病中恢复过来 impacthave an impact on 对有影响importanceattach importance to 对重视the importance of的重要性be of great importance to sb.对某人很重要 impressionleave/make an impression on sb./leave sb.with an imp

18、ression 给某人留下印象inchby an inch/inches 差一点儿；险些 inch by inch缓慢地；一点一点地influenceunder ones influence在某人的影响下 a bad influence on对的不良影响injurysuffer(from)an injury 负伤a head/leg/knee injury头部/腿部/膝盖受伤 personal injury 人身伤害instantfor an instant 一时 the instant(that) 就intelligenceaverage intelligence 智力平平intellige

19、nce quotient (IQ)智商intentionhave no intention of doing sth.没打算做某事 with the intention of 为了interesthave/develop/take an interest in 对产生兴趣show/lose interest in对表现出/失去兴趣be of no interest to sb.某人对不感兴趣places of interest 名月生introductionmake the introductions 作介绍invitationat the invitation of sb.应某人的邀请 re

20、ceive an invitation to 收到去的邀请issuethe environmental issue 划;境问题an important issue 重要问题jamtraffic jam 交通阻塞jobapply for/quit a job 求职/辞职be out of a job 失业joketell jokes讲笑话make a joke about sb.开某人的玩笑play a joke/jokeson 戏弄； 拿开玩笑Youre joking!你在开玩笑吧！journeyset out on a journey 出发去旅行 go on/make/take a jour

21、ney 去旅行a safe journey平安的旅途joyjump for joy高兴得跳起来to ones joy让某人高兴的是 judgementmake a judgement on 对作出评价in ones judgement 在某人看来keya key to的钥匙/答案/要诀a key figure/key points 关键人物/要点kindall kinds of各种各样的a kind of一种；有几分；稍稍 kind of有点儿;有几分kindnessdo sb.a kindness 帮某人忙kingdomthe animal kingdom 动物界knowledgehave

22、a good knowledge of 通晓have no knowledge of 对无所矢口to(the best of)oneapos;s knowledge 据某人所知labo(u)rLabour Day劳动节skilled labour 熟练工人lacka lack of 缺少for lack of因缺少lack(for)nothing 什么也不缺landby land陆路languagespoken/written language 口语/ |弓面语 body/sign language肢体语言/手语 master a language 掌握一门语言in length 长度a le

23、ngth of 长度；一段lessonhave/take lessons in 上课do ones lessons 做功课give.lessons/give lessons in 教课learn lessons from从 中吸取教训 teach sb. a lesson给某人一个教训letterwrite a letter to sb.给某人写信 answer/reply to a letter 回信a capital/small letter 大/小写字母lifea matter of life and death 生死仅关的事lose ones life 丧生in ones life 一

24、生lead/live a.life 过的生活all ones life 终生；一辈子bringto life使苏醒过来；使更生动come to life苏醒过来；变得活跃laughterburst into laughter突然大笑起来 lawobey/observe the law 守法break the law 违法law and order 法治leadbe in the lead 领先take the lead 领先lectureattend/go to a lecture 听讲座give/deliver a lecture on history 作历史讲座lefton ones Ie

25、代在某人左边lengthlifttake the lift 乘电梯give sb.a lift悄某人一程；让某人振奋起来 lift ones hand 举手lift ones spirits使某人开心起来lightbright/dim light明亮/暗淡的光线turn on/off a light 开/关灯 bring.to light 将曝光;揭露come to light 显露； 暴露throw/cast light on/upon 说明；使人了解 as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛light up照亮；喜形于色limitcity limits市区范围a time/sp

26、eed limit时间/速度限制within limits在某种范围内；适度地linea straight line 直线hold the line别挂断 cross the line 出界the finishing line 终点线stand/wait in line站队/排队等候in a line 一排be lined with排列着/排满了line up(使)整队；(使)排成行linkclose link between.and.和之间的密切联系rail/road/telephone link 铁路/公路/ 线路listmake a list列单子operate/run a machin

27、e 操作机器machineryagricultural/industrial machinery 农业/工业机 械mailby mail通过邮寄mainlandChinese mainland 中国大陆majority(be)in the majority 占大多数 the majority of 大多数malla shopping mall 购物中心livingmake/earn a living 谋生； 度日loadfull load工作满满的heavy study loads沉重的学业负担loads of/a load of 很多lossa sense of loss 失落感hair/h

28、earing/weight loss 脱发/听力丧失/体重减轻loss of memory/memory loss 失忆loss of life 死亡make a loss of 损失at a loss感到迷惑；不知所措at a loss for words不知说什么才好luckgood luck(with sth.)祝你()好运manualthe user manual 用户手册manual labour体力劳动marchon the march 行军中go on a march参力口游行marginprofit margins 利润率markan ink mark 墨渍full marks

29、 总分值hit/miss the mark命中/未命中靶子；达成/未达成目标leave ones mark on对产生久远/显著的影响lunchhave/eat lunch 吃午饭 at lunch在吃午饭machinemarketat the market在市场上come onto the market 进入市场 on the market被供应；在出售 marketinga marketing service/strategy/tool 营销服务/策 略/手段maskput on/wear a gas mask戴上/戴着防毒面具massa mass of/masses of 众多； 大量a

30、 mass protest大规模的抗议mass production 批;量生产mastera past master at doing sth.做某事的专家a masters degree 硕士学位a Master of Arts/Science 文科/理科硕士matcha basketball match 篮球比赛a match point（网球比赛等中的）决胜分；赛 点 meet ones match遇到对手strike/light a match 擦亮火柴materialraw materials 原材料reading/writing/teaching materials 阅读/写作/

31、 教学材料mattera personal/private matter 私事What is the matter（with you）?（你）怎么 了 ?to make matters worse 更糟糕的是a matter of关乎的事情no matter与疑问词连用无论；不管take matters into ones own hands 亲自处理meansa means of communication 种通信工具by means of正式用语借助；依靠by no means决不； 一点也不measureweights and measures 度量衡safety measures 平安

32、措施take measures采取措施meata piece of meat 一块肉mediamass media群众传媒medicinetake the medicine 吃药meetingat the meeting 在会上 have/hold a meeting 开会 attend a meeting 参力口会议membera family/group/team member 家庭成员/组员 /队员memoryloss of memory 失忆have an excellent memory for 对有极佳的记忆力childhood memories 儿时的回忆memory stick

33、/memory card 闪存盘/存储卡 flash memory闪存；闪速存储器in memory of 为了纪念menuon the menu在菜单上mercyhave mercy on/ upon 对仁慈； 宽恕at the mercy of完全受支配；任凭摆布messWhat a mess!真是乱七八槽！make a mess of把 并得一团槽mess up弄脏；弄乱；弄槽messagetake/leave a message 传话/解言text messages 短信get the messags领悟；理解；明白（别人的暗示)metera gas meter煤气表a taxi me

34、ter出租车计价器methoda teaching method 教学方法middlein the middle of在当中；在的中途minutea ten-minute ride 10 分钟的车程Do you have a minute?你有时间吗?(at)any minute 随时in a minute马上；立刻just a minute/moment/second 等一下the last minute 最后一亥the minute/moment(that) 就this minute立亥U；马上wait a minute/moment/second等一会儿；等一下midnightat mi

35、dnight 在午夜 burn the midnight oil(工作/学习)到深夜；开夜车mindbe of the same mind意见相同；保持原来的意 见bear/keep.in mind 将记在心中change ones mind 改变主意come into ones mind掠过/进入某人的脑海 have sb./sth.in mind(for sth J(对某事)心中有 合适的人选/想做的事make up ones mind作出决定;下定决心on ones mind挂在心上的，惦念的;某人心 里所想的put/set/turn ones mind to/set ones mind

36、 on 集中精力做minea mine of information(about/on sth.)(关于某 事物的)大量信息的来源a gold mine 金矿mine for gold 开采黄金ministerthe Prime Minister 首相;总理the Minister of Foreign Affairs 外交部长ministrythe Ministry of Education 教育部mirrorlook at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 a wing mirror装在车外侧面的后视镜mistakelearn from ones mistakes从某人的

37、错误中吸 取教训admit(to)/make a mistake 成认/犯错误 by mistake错误地；无意地 mistake.for 把错当成misunderstandingclear up a misunderstanding 澄清误会modela plastic model of a plane 塑料飞机模型 the latest model of a swimsuit 泳装的最新款 式a role model for young people 年轻人的典范 be modeled on/after 模仿；仿照momentat this/that moment 就在这/那时 from

38、that moment on 从那以后 (at)any moment(now)马上；立亥(J (at)the last moment(在)最后一刻 at the moment此刻；目前 for a moment 片亥U； 一会儿 for the moment 暂时；目前 in a moment马上；立即one moment.the next 一会JL过一会JLthe moment(that)引导时间状语从句，相当于连词 as soon as(就)moneyearn/save money 挣/存钱collect/raise money 筹款monitorthe monitor of the co

39、mputer 计算机的显示器monthmonth after month/month by month 月复一月/逐月*monthly a monthly magazine 月干llmoodin a good/bad mood 心情好/不好be/feel in the/no mood for sth.有/没有心情做某事be/feel in the/no mood to do sth.有/没有心情 做某事moralsocial morals社会公德moral standards 道德标准motivationimprove/increase students motivation 增强学生的积极性

40、mountainclimb a mountain 爬山mountain roads/villages 山路/山村a mountain of/mountains of 大量的； 大堆的mouthkeep ones mouth shut保守秘密；守口如瓶mouthfula mouthful of food 一 口 食物moviesee/go to a movie看电影/去看电影musica piece of music 一首乐曲turn up/down the music 调高/低音乐mysterysolve a mystery 解开谜团 a man of mystery 神秘的男子namesig

41、n ones name 签名have a good name for 因而有名气the biggest names 大牌明星by the name of 名叫的in the name of在名下；以的名义；代表(in sb.s/sth.s name)make a name(for oneself)/make ones name 成名；知名under the name of 以为笔名name.after以的名字命名nationan independent nation 独立的国家 the Chinese nation 中华民族nationalityBritish nationality 英国国籍

42、natureby nature天生地；出于本性地in ones nature 本性如此navyjoin the navy加入海军necessityout of necessity 出于需要neckthe neck of a bottle 瓶颈needlea needle and thread 针线nervenerve cells/endings 神经细胞/末梢get on ones nerves 令某人焦躁networka network of railways 铁路网a social network 社交网TV networks 电视网newsa piece of news 一条新闻the

43、latest news 最新消息No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。newspapera daily/weekly newspaper 口/周报in the newspaper 在报纸上nightin/during the night 在夜里far/late/deep into the night 直到深夜at night在晚上all night(long)整夜night and day/day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日noisemake a noise/make noises 吵闹noonat noon在中午normalabove/below norm

44、al高/低于正常水平go back/return to normal 恢复正常northin the north(of)在(的)北方noseblow/pick ones nose 鼻鼻涕子have a runny nose 流鼻涕notemake a note of 记录notes to/on a text 课文注释a five-pound note 一张5英锈的钞票 compare notes(with sb.)(与某人)交换意见/ 信息 make/take notes记笔记take note of 注意as noted above 如上所述 note down记下；记录numbera te

45、lephone number 号码nurserya nursery school 幼儿园nutritionpoor nutrition 营养不良objectan object of study 研究对象occasionon this/that occasion在这种/那种场合 social occasions 社交活动on occasion有时；偶尔on the occasion of 在之际occurrenceeveryday occurrences 每天发生的事offencean offence against society 妨害社会的罪行officeat the office在办公室a

46、 booking/post office 售票处/邮局 leave/take office辞职/就职；上任 office hours办公时间；营业时间 officer a customs/police officer 海关官员/警 官openingthe opening of a shop 店铺开张 opening hours营业时间the opening ceremony 开幕式等于；意味着amusementthe amusement park 游乐场with/in amusement 津津有味地analysiscarry out/do an analysis of 对作分析backback

47、 to back 背靠背back and forth来回地；反复地back sb.up支持某人bagbe in the bag十拿九稳；稳操胜券balancekeep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡a balance between.and.和之间的平衡bargaina real bargain 真廉价settle/close/conclude/strike a bargain 成交；达 成协议make a bargain达成交易basison a regular basis定期地；经常地on the basis of在的基础上bathhave/take a bath 洗澡

48、behalfin behalf of sb./in ones behalf 为帮助某人 on behalf of sb./on ones behalf 代表某人； 为帮助某人；为了某人，因为某人beingbring into being 带来come into being 开始存在for the time being 暂时beliefa firm/strong belief 坚定的信念beyond belief令人难以置信belongingspersonal belongings 个人财物belta safety/seat belt 平安带fasten the seat belt 系上平安带tighten ones belt非正式用语勒紧裤腰带过日子benefitbe of benefit to 对有益for ones benefit/for the benef