20212022学年上海市晋元高级中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2021-2022学年上海市晋元高级中学高二上学期期中考试英 语试题L Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. Afte

2、r you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation take place?A. At the airport.B. In a hotel.C. At the Customs.D. At atravel agency

3、.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 M: I just got off the plane coming here from the airport. My secretary told me that she had already made room reservation for me. Which room is mine?W: Im sorry. We had no record for your reservation. Let me check it again, will you?Q: Where does the conversation take place?2 .【此处可播放相

4、关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the man feel about the exam?A. He is confident.B. He is not prepared.C. He lacks confidence.D. He dislikes it.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 W: I have never seen you have such confidence before an exam.M: Its more than confidence. Right now I feel that if I get less than an A, it will be the fau

5、lt of the exam, not me.Q: How does the man feel about the exam?3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】According to the man, how many students passed the exam?A. 1060.B. 1016.C. 530.D. 560.【答案】C【解析】【原文】 W: How many students passed the College English Test last term in your school?typing a passcode, even if your face i

6、s 34. Just one expensive little catch: You need an AppleWatch-and it needs to be unlocked and on your wrist.Ive followed the developments of this crucial, 35 struggle for nearly a year now. Last April, there was an effort to create Face ID-compatible (兼容的)masks. (Surprise! They didnt catch on.) Soon

7、 after, with iOS 13.5, Apple made the passcode screen come up faster when the phone cant see your face. (Ifs still a 36.)Compared with those, this new watch- 37 solution is almost as good as the naked-face real thing. It is fast and easy to set up. Fve been testing a pre-release 38 for the past few

8、days, unlocking my iPhone while wearing all sorts of masks, in all sorts of conditions.Heres whats happening behind the scenes: The array of sensors in that notch (凹 口)at the top of your iPhones screen-what Apple calls the TrueDepth camera-tries to 39 you as usual. If it cant see your nose and mouth

9、, it looks fbr your unlocked watch to unlock your iPhone. If it doesnt see any faceor sees a(n) 40 face it doesnt think is yoursit stays locked.【答案】31. C 32. H33. D34. A35. G36. J37. K38. B39. F40.1【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了苹果公司因为疫情要带口罩，开发出了在不用输 入密码、脸不清楚的情况下，就能在解锁的技术。31题详解】考查动词。句意：这是苹果公司在iPhoneX上推出面部识别

10、功能时的一句真正的执行引用。 作从句的谓语，结合句意表示“推出”应用动词introduce,此处描述过去发生的事情应用一 般过去0寸。故填introduced。应选C。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：这句话完全是编造出来的，反映了现在面部识别系统的崩溃，因为口罩是 必不可少的衣服。作宾语，结合句意表示“崩溃”应用名词breakdown,不可数。故填 breakdowno 应选 Ho【33题详解】考查名词。句意：在陌生人和同事面前输入密码可能存在平安风险。此处为短语in full view of,表不“完全在的视野之内”。故填view。应选D。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：随着iOS 14.5的

11、更新一一周四通过苹果公司的公开测试版软件程序发布, 预计将在今年春天广泛发布一一你可以不用输入密码解锁你的iPhone,即使你的脸不清楚。作表语，结合句意表示“不清楚”应用形容词unclear。故填unclear。应选A。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：近一年以来，我一直在关注这个至关重要的、改变生活的努力的开展。 修饰后文名词struggle,结合句意表示“改变生活的”应用形容词life-altering,作定语。故 填 life-altering o 应选 G。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：这仍然是一种痛苦。作表语，结合句意表示“痛苦”应用名词pain,不定 冠词提示用单数。故填pain。

12、应选J。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：与那些相比，这种依赖手表的新解决方案几乎和裸面真品一样好。修饰 后文名词solution,结合句意表示“依赖”应用形容词dependent,作定语。故填dependent。 应选Ko【38题详解】考查名词。句意：过去几天，我一直在测试一个预发布版本，在各种条件下戴着各种面具解 锁iPhoneo作宾语，结合句意表示“版本”应填名词version,不定冠词提示用单数。故填 version o 应选 B。39题详解】考查动词。句意：下面是幕后发生的事情：在你的iPhone屏幕顶部的凹槽里的一系列传感 器一一苹果称之为TrueDepth摄像头一一试图像往常一样识

13、别你。结合句意表示“识别”应 填动词identify,上文为短语try to do sth.。故填identify。应选F。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果它没有看到任何面孔，或者看到一张它认为不是你的没有蒙面的面 孔，一一它就会保持锁定状态。修饰后文名词face,结合句意表示“没有蒙面的”应用形容 词unmasked,作定语。故填unmasked。应选I。IIL Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases

14、marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In Dads Army, a British s万com (情景喜剧)about a home-defense Force, Sergeant (i) Wilson would often cast doubt on his commanders various orders with the phrase “Do you think thafs wise, sir?” His doubt, although

15、often ignored, was usually 41.Many employees must be tempted to imitate Sgt. Wilson when they see their bosses head down the wrong track. But caution often leads workers to keep silent for fear of appearing foolish and offensive and 42being at high risk of losing their jobs.A culture of silence can

16、be dangerous, argues a new book The Fearless Organization, by AmyEdmondson, a professor at Harvard Business School. Some of her cases are from the 43 industry, where staff felt too powerless to make any changes due to their ranks. One was its deadliest accident: a crash between two Boeing-747s in th

17、e Canary Islands occurred in 1977 when a co-pilot felt unable to 44 his captain into changing the decision to take off. Another case was that of the Columbia space shuttle in 2003; an engineer who may have diagnosed damage to the shuttles wing before the flight felt unable to speak as he was “too 45

18、 at NASA.In a corporate culture based on 46 and obedience, it may appear that targets are being achieved. But in the long run the effect is likely to be counterproductive （适得其反的）.Studiesshow that fear 47 learning. And when faced with a problem, scared workers find ways of48 it or getting around it w

19、ith inefficient practices.The solution is to create an atmosphere of psychological safety whereby workers can speak their minds. It does not mean that workers, or their ideas, are 49 criticism, or that they should complain continuously. In a sense, this method is the 50 of Toyotas lean manufacturing

20、“ process, which allows any worker who spots a problem to stop the production line.Pixar, the production firm, created what it called a Braintrusf, to give 51 to film directors. The rules were that advice should be constructive and about the idea, not the person, and that filmmakers should not be 52

21、 in response.And psychological safety is not about whistleblowing （检举）. Indeed, if an employee feels theneed to act as a whistleblower by speaking to external 53, it suggests employers have notcreated an environment within the firm where criticism can be 54. Nor is such a cultureonly about safety or

22、 avoiding mistakes. As mundane （单调的）tasks are automated, and workers rely on computers for data analysis, the added value of humans will stem from their 55But as Ms. Edmondsons book demonstrates, it is hard to be either constructive or creative if you are not confident about speaking out.41. A. just

23、ifiable ridiculous42. A. on the whole contrary43. A. airline advertising44. A. tempt45. A. offensive46. A. imitationcompetition47. A. motivatesB. pointlessB. in conclusionB. manufacturingB. reasonB. ambitiousB. fearB. facilitatesC. subjectiveC. as a resultC. serviceC. trickC. aggressiveC. efficiency

24、C. maintainsD.D. on theD.D. guideD. humbleD.D. prevents48. A. spoiling exploiting49. A. related todependent on50. A. equivalent criticism51. A. priority feedback52. A. optimistic53. A. authorities whistleblowers54. A. rejected questioned55. A. competitiveness selflessness【答案】41. A 42. C56. A. spoili

25、ng exploiting57. A. related todependent on58. A. equivalent criticism59. A. priority feedback60. A. optimistic61. A. authorities whistleblowers62. A. rejected questioned63. A. competitiveness selflessness【答案】41. A 42. CB.polishingC.maskingB.safe fromC.concerned withB.objectC.argumentB.motivationC.ac

26、cessB.objectiveC.defensiveB.elementsC.divisionsB.eliminatedC.voicedB.inventivenessC.carefulness43. A 44. B45. D46. B 47. D53. A 54. C 55. BD.D.D.D.D. passiveD.D.D.48. C 49. B50. A 51. D 52. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了谨慎往往导致员工保持沉默，因为害怕显得愚蠢和无 礼，从而处于失去工作的高风险。文章通过两个航空行业的案例，说明了沉默的文化可能是 危险的，指出一个以恐惧和服从为基础的企业文化从

27、长远来看是不利于开展的。而解决方法 是营造一种“心理平安”的气氛，让员工可以畅所欲言。41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的怀疑，虽然经常被忽视，但通常是合理的。A. justifiable 情有可原的；B. pointless无意义的；C.subjective主观的；D. ridiculous可笑的。根据后文 “Many employees must be tempted to imitate Sgt. Wilson when they see their bosses head down the wrong track.”提到，当许多雇员看到自己的老板走上了错误的道路时，他们一定忍不住

28、 要模仿威尔逊中土，可见威尔逊中土的怀疑其实是合理的。应选A。【42题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：但谨慎往往导致员工保持沉默，因为害怕显得愚蠢和无礼，从而 处于失去工作的高风险。A. on the whole基本上;B. in conclusion总之；C.as a result结果;D. on the contrary 相反。 结合上文 “But caution often leads workers to keep silent for fear of appearing foolish and offensive and可知，员工因为害怕显得愚蠢和无礼，导致结果自己失 去工作，所以往往

29、保持沉默。应选C。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的一些案例来自航空行业，那里的员工因为自己的级别而感到 无力做出任何改变。A. airline 航空公司；B. manufacturing 制造；C. service 服务；D. advertising 广告。根据后文的案例“a crash between two Boeing-747s in the Canary Islands occurred in 1977”可知，是航空行业的案例。应选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个是最致命的事故：1977年，两架波音747飞机在加那 利群岛坠毁，当时一名副驾驶觉得无法说服机长

30、改变起飞决定。A. tempt引诱；B.reason说 月艮，推理；C. trick 欺骗；D. guide 指导。根据上文 u staff felt too powerless to make any changes due to their ranks” 和后文“his captain into changing the decision to take off” 可知， 员工因其 级别而感到无力做出任何改变，所以副驾驶无法说服机长改变起飞决定。短语reason into表 示“以理劝说使之相信或使之做某事”符合语境。应选B。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一个例子是2003年的

31、哥伦比亚号航天飞机；一位工程师可 能在飞行前就已经诊断出飞机机翼的损伤，但由于他在NASA “太谦虚”，导致他没有发言 权。A. offensive无礼的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.aggressive好斗的；D. humble谦虚的。 根据上文“staff felt too powerless to make any changes due to their ranks” 可知，员工因其级别 而感到无力做出任何改变，这名工程师感觉自己没有发言权，是因为在NASA “太谦虚”（地 位低）。应选D。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个以恐惧和服从为基础的企业文化中，目标似乎正在

32、实现。 A. imitation 模仿;B. fear 恐惧;C. efficiency 效率;D. competition 竞争。结合后文 uStudies show that fear可知，此处指以恐惧和服从为基础的企业文化。应选B。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究说明恐惧会阻碍学习。A. motivates促使；B. facilitates促进; C. maintains 保持；D. prevents 阻止，阻碍。根据后文 “getting around it with inefficient practices可知，恐惧会让员工掩盖事实，或者用低效的方法绕过问题，可见恐惧会阻

33、碍学 习。应选Do【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当面对一个问题时，受到惊吓的员工会想方法掩盖它，或者用低 效的方法绕过它。A. spoiling损坏；B. polishing抛光；C. masking掩盖；D.exploiting开发。 根据后文uor getting around it with inefficient practices v可知，面对问题，受到惊吓的员工会 想方法掩盖它，或者用低效的方法绕过它。应选C。【49题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这并不意味着员工或他们的想法可以免受批评，或者他们应该不 断抱怨。A. related to 有关；B. safe from 免

34、于；C. concerned with 关心；D. dependent on 依赖。此处是在解释上文 “The solution is to create an atmosphere of psychological safety” whereby workers can speak their minds.” 以及 “It does not mean that workers, or their ideas” 提 到的，营造一种“心理平安”的气氛，让员工可以畅所欲言，但这不意味着员工或他们的想 法可以免受批评，或者他们应该不断抱怨。应选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说

35、，这种方法相当于丰田的“精益生产”流程，即 任何发现问题的工人都可以停止生产线。A. equivalent对等；B.object物体；C.argument争 论；D. criticism 批评。 根据后文 “of Toyotas lean manufacturing process, which allows any worker who spots a problem to stop the production line” 可知,此处是在把“心理平安”气氛 等同于丰田的“精益生产”流程，即任何发现问题的工人都可以停止生产线。应选A。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：制作公司皮克斯创立了

36、一个所谓的“智囊团”，为电影导演提供 反应。A. priority 优先；B. motivation 动机；C. access 入口； D. feedback 反应。根据后文 “advice should be constructive and about the idea,可知，“智囊团”主要是为了导演提供反应和建议 的。应选D。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：规那么是，建议应该是建设性的，是关于想法，而不是关于人的, 电影制作人不应该做出生气的回应。A. optimistic乐观的；B.objective客观的；C. defensive 生气的,防御的；D. passive 被动的

37、。根据上文 advice should be constructive and about the idea, not the person可知，“智囊团”要对想法提供建设性建议，而电影制作人不能做出生气的 回应。应选C。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，如果一名员工觉得有必要通过与外部权威对话来充当举 报人，这说明雇主没有在公司内部创造一个可以表达批评意见的环境。A. authorities当局， 权威；B. elements 元素；C. divisions 分类；D. whistleblowers 举报人。根据后文“it suggests employers have not

38、created an environment within the firm” 可知，因为雇主没有在公司内部创 造一个可以表达批评意见的环境，所以员工才寻求外部权威的帮助，来充当举报人。应选Ao 【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，如果一名员工觉得有必要通过与外部权威对话来充当举 报人，这说明雇主没有在公司内部创造一个可以表达批评意见的环境。A. rejected拒绝；B. eliminated 消除；C. voiced 表达；D. questioned 质疑。根据上文 “where criticism can be” 可 知，此处指表达批评意见，voice符合语境。应选C。【55题

39、详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着日常工作的自动化，以及工人依赖电脑进行数据分析，人类 的附加值将源于他们的创造力。A. competitiveness竞争力；B. inventiveness创造性；C. carefulness 仔细；D. selflessness 无私。呼应后文 “But as Ms. Edmondsons book demonstrates, it is hard to be either constructive or creative if you are not confident about speaking out. ” 指人类 需要提供创造力，应选B。Sect

40、ion BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unflnished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Everyone wou

41、ld agree that it is parents5 job to teach their kids right from wrong. The rise in teen crime suggests that some parents are failing at these tasks. To correct the problem, lawmakers in some states require parents to serve jail time when their children get into serious trouble again and again. The l

42、awmakers hope that this punishment will motivate parents to take their responsibilities seriously.Supporters of these laws believe that the threat of jail will scare parents into paying more attention to their teens behavior than before. They think that these parents would be happy to let the state

43、try to straighten out their kids juvenile detention centers (少管所)，because the centers took the responsibility off the parents, shoulders. With the new laws, the responsibility is put back on the parents. The hope is, a supporter said, that if parents are held legally responsible, theyll work harder

44、to keep their youngsters in line.”However, many people think the laws are unfair. They argue that parents should not be punished for the criminal acts of their children, unless it can be shown there is a contributory fault on the parents part.People who oppose parental responsibility laws also belie

45、ve that punishing parents wont create a change in the kids behavior. These people argue that parents may not be at fault. The children of good parents can fall in with the wrong kids and get into trouble, they say. Worse yet, if mom is in jail, there may be no one at all to control her kid. .The unf

46、ortunate fact is that jailing a parent punishes the rest of the family. The jailed parent cannot work to help support the family and may also be fired from a job for missing too much work. Furthermore, little evidence exists to support the idea that the threat of punishment improves a parents abilit

47、y to control a teenager. Opponents of parental responsibility laws say that parents who are in this situation need help, not a jail sentence.56. The phrase “keep their youngsters in line” (in Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning toA. get their kids to stay at homemake their kids behave wellB. help the

48、ir kids make a livingD. require their kids to queue in publicWhich of the following sentences may best end Paragraph 4?A. So, they believe that ifs easy fbr mom to control her kids behavior.B. So, they believe that mom should be jailed for her contributory fault.C. So, they believe that lack of moms control may then lead to more crime.D. So, they believe that moms control has a negative effect on her kids behavior.57. Opponents of parental responsibility laws think