2021-2022学年四川省遂宁中学校高二下学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2021-2022学年四川省遂宁中学校高二下学期第一次月考英语试题考试时间：120分钟总分值：150分考前须知:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名和准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。2 .选择题用2B铅笔在对应的题号涂黑答案。主观题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔答在答题卡上对应 的答题区域内。3 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第I卷（选择题共70分）第一局部：听力（共两节，总分值30分） 第一节（共5小题；每题L 5分，总分值7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10

2、秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Guest and receptionist.B. Boss and secretary .C. Manager and waitress.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Black Smith Hotel. Good evening! Can I help you?M: Yes. Im calling to book a room for Next Sunday.2 .

3、【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers talking about?A. Kevins good fortune.B. Kevins present occupation.C. Kevins current studies.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 M: I heard that Kevin has just finished his studies abroad and is now working at Google.W: I heard that, too. He must be making a fortune now.3 .【此处可播放相关音

4、频，请去附件查看】What will the man probably do next?A. Sew the clothes.B. Dry the clothes.C. Wash the clothes.【答案】B驱赶大象，是因为大象具有兴旺的嗅觉。应选c项。【26题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段 “But in the case of the treated ones, we found that they would show immediate signs of unease or uncertainty, and they9 d eventually back off from t

5、hem.（但对于经过处理的袜子来说，我们发现 它们会立即表现出不安或不确定的迹象，最终会退缩）”可推知，当大象发现一只装有化学物质的袜子时， 它们会感到焦虑。应选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段 uresearchers think they have a good tool to discourage elephants: honeybee pheromones （研究人员认为他们有一个阻止大象的好工具：蜜蜂信息素）”以及最后一段uThe team hung white socks treated with the mixture as well as untrea

6、ted control socks around elephants, and then observed the animabehavior.（研究小组将用这种混合物处理过的白色袜子以及未经处理的对照袜子挂在大象周围，然后 观察它们的行为）”可推知，本文主要介绍了大象嗅觉灵敏，讨厌化学物质，研究人员通过研究和实验，找 出了阻止大象搞破坏的好工具一一蜜蜂信息素。所以读者最有可能在一本科学杂志上读到这篇文章。应选B 项。CCalifornia has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be publi

7、shed Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）.The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada

8、 Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead au

9、thor of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）.But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with

10、 another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers fi

11、gured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）.Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors d

12、riving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.28. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in Calif

13、ornia.B. The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.29. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B. Banning woodcutting.C.

14、 Limiting housing development.D Fire control measures.30. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Dampness of the air.31. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Californias Forests: Where Have All th

15、e Big Trees Gone?B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonWhy Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?C. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California【答案】28.A29. D 30. C 31. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。根据一项研究显示，自20世纪30年代以来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，而气 候变化似乎是其主要因素。【28题详解】主旨大意题。第二段中，作者用具体数据说

16、明了大树损失在各个地区的严重程度，没有任何地区幸免或不 受影响，应选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句 Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）.可知，对野火的控制使得加利福尼亚的森林里挤满了小树，与 大树争夺资源，也就是对野火的控制是善意的，但对大树产生了不利的影响。应选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。 根据最后段 the biggest factors driving

17、up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.可知，造成加州水资源短缺的最大因素是温度升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更 多的水分，以及更早的融雪，这减少了旱季对树木的供水量。应选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，自20世纪30年代以

18、来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，文章分析了引起该现象 的几个主要因素。全文围绕“加州森林的大树都去哪儿了 ”话题展开，应选项A。DMetal-organic frameworks （MOFs） are compounds（化合物;复合物）that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely.The Arizona desert is reall

19、y dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration （脱水）within three days, unless he had one of Omar Yaghis next-generation water harvesters, who is a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. Although daytime wetness is only about 10 percent, this rises to 40 percent at nigh

20、t, which means theres enough water in the atmosphere to support life - if it can be transformed into liquid form.Thats exactly what Yaghis invention does. Its about the size of a small microwave oven, designed to suck the water from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using

21、 only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a MOF, which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules （分子）onto the surface of its internal small holes. Warm it up and get the water, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water

22、. nA device the size of a washing machine could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household,n says Yaghi.These crystalline （结晶的）groups of metals linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surfac

23、es. In this way, MOFscling toa variety of liquids and gases.MOFs work thanks to their distinctive structure. In fact, one MOF the size of a sugar cube has so many small holes that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely stable, light and have many different

24、uses: their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to give what its holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.32. Why is the Arizona desert mentioned in the second pa

25、ragraph?A. To introduce water harvesters.B. To stress the importance of water.C. To show the severity of its condition.D. To express the urgent need for water there.33. What plays a vital role in water harvesters?A. Solar energy.B. Water molecules.C. Metal-organic frameworks.D. MOFs* internal small

26、holes.34. Which can explain the phrase cling to underlined in paragraph 4?A. Give off.B. Turn into.C. Hold onto.D. Break down.35. What will probably be covered in the following paragraphs?A. The future of the MOF technology.B. Other uses of the MOF technology.C. The improvement to the MOF technology

27、.D. Possible limitations of the MOF technology.【答案】32.A33. C 34. C 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了金属有机骨架(MOFs)的用途，结构和性能。【32题详解】推理判断题。由第二段 “The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration (脱水)within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghis next

28、-generation water harvesters.”可知，亚利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何没有水的人都会在三天内死于脱水。除非他们有奥马尔亚 吉的下一代水收集器，所以奥马尔亚吉的下一代水收集器可以解决沙漠中缺水的问题。故判断出第二段 提到亚利桑那沙漠是为了介绍水收集器。应选A。【33题详解】.细节理解题。由第三段“What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework (MOF).” 可知，使它工作的是一种称为有机框架(MOF)的特殊的材料，所以金属有机框架在水收集器中起着至关重要 的作用。应选c。【

29、34题详解】词句猜想题。由第四段 u These crystalline cluster （结晶群）of metals, such as aluminum or magnesium, linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surface. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases. ” 可

30、知，这些由有机分子连接的金属结 晶群，例如铝或镁，可制成具有极高吸收能力的材料，将特定分子吸到其外表。可知划线词所在的句子意 思是MOF就是通过这种方式紧紧吸附各种液体和气体。第四段中划线词 clingto”意思是hold onto “紧紧抓 住”的意思。应选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.v 可知迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的MOF被生产用于各类实际应用中，所以我们通过短文最后一段的内容 可以判断出，接下来的段落可能会涉

31、及MOF科技的其它用途。应选B。【点睛】根据上一段的内容来判断下一段的内容是解决判断题的重要的切入点。这一般适用于推测短文最 后一段之后段落的内容。在这样的判断出，短文最后一段通常会以问题的方式留下疑问，或者以陈述句的 形式给读者留下一个悬而未决的问题。这个时候以问题的方式留下疑问或者以陈述句的形式给读者留下一 个悬而未决的问题就是下一段要讨论的内容。由最后段“More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.?可知迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的MOF被生产用于各类实际应用中。所

32、 以我们通过短文最后段的内容可以判断出，以下段落可能会涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故小题4的正确选 项为B选项。第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What Is Emotional Eating?Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfyinghunger.36 Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of bor

33、edom or downed cookie after cookiewhile preparing for a big test? But when done a lot - especially without realizing it - emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings.37 One of the biggest myths about emotional

34、eating is that its caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when theyre stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentines Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes

35、 emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. 38Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done.39 Ifs not easy to unlearn“ patterns of emotional eating. But it ispossibl

36、e. And it starts with an awareness of whats going on.Were all emotional eaters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that caus

37、e it remain.40 Thats why it helps to know the difference between physical hungerand emotional hunger.Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.A. Believe it or not, weve all been there.B. If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfo

38、rt.C. One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards.D. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like.E. Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.F. Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals,

39、 while girls go for chocolate and ice cream.G. More often, though, its the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.【答案】36.A37. E 38. G 39. B 40. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了情绪化进食是用吃来排解心中的情绪，但并非都是消极的情绪。 情绪化进食对健康有危害，所以要注意控制。【36题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句Have you ever finish

40、ed a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test?（你曾有过准备考试前是否因为无聊而吃完一大袋薯 片。）可知,A项Believe it or not, weve all been there.（信不信由你,我们都曾这样过。）符合上下文逻辑， 应选Ao【37题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings.可知，我们

41、中没有多少人把饮食和感情联系在一起；根据后句One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that ifs caused by negative feelings.可知，情绪饮食最大的误解是它是由负面情绪引起的。E项 Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it. （T 解驱使情绪进食的因素可 以帮助人们采取措施改变情绪。）符合上下文逻辑，应选E。38题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句Sometimes

42、emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.可知，有时情绪化的饮食与重大的生活事件有关，比方死亡或离婚。G项More often, though, its the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.（然而, 更多的时候，每天都有 无数的压力促使人们去寻求食物的抚慰。）符合本段文意。应选G。【39题详解】 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段用小孩子的举例，前一句说如果小时候孩子

43、被用糖果奖赏，长 大就容易保持这样的习惯，B 项 If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.（相应地说 如果孩子在哭的时候得到饼干作为抚慰，那就会把饼干和抚慰联系在一起）是对上文的进一步解释，故B项 符合题意。【40题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段讲这样做的危害，D选项也是讲危害。后面的th就s why支撑了 D 选项的观点。上句 “The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone,

44、 the feelings that causeitremain.（情绪化进食的麻烦是一旦没有了吃的乐趣，但想吃东西的感觉还在。）这样的话，你经常 会因为吃了你喜欢的食物而感到不舒服。因此D项And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like.是上文开展的结果。应选D。【点睛】该题型对学生的考查总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二, 把握微观信息间关联性，即空格前后句间关系。该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡 性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上

45、下文逻辑意义）三类。对于此类题型的解答，可以将整个文段首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思。答题过程中，根据所提供的答 语或是后文进行作答，同时，精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。如第1、2和3小题就是通过分析空前后的句意而得出正确答案。另外可分析选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义， 近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。如此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的 标点来判断该句在文章的位置。从而选择正确的答案。做题过程中也可以使用排除法，将选项带到文章中 逐一的作答，答完后注意通读检查是否符合逻辑，语义顺畅。第II卷（非选择题共80分）第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总

46、分值45分）第一节（共20小题；每题L5分，总分值30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确 选项。Before I turned JO, I lost my parents. My siblings （兄弟姐妹）left Hyderabad after my relatives 41them, but I insisted on slaying back to continue my 42, And I began to deliver newspaper to 43myself. T would be up every morning b

47、y 5 a. m. and 44 five kilometers to the newspaper office. By 6 a. m., I would be 45 my copies of the Urdu Daily. The area I was 46 for spanned 3 kilometers. After distributing the 47. I would rush home, quickly eat and be off to high school.One wintry morning in 1945.1 got home after my 48 to find a

48、 boy of my age at my doorstep. He 49himself as Afzal and said his father wanted to see me.I was greeted at the door by Afzals mother, Nazeem. Afzals father, Mr. Kader,50 us as Nazeemserved me tea and snacks. Nazeem gently asked me about my daily 51. I told her about my morningjob and school. They were 52 that I had to walk so much in one day. Later, as I was about to leave, Mr.Kader 53 into another room, and when he reappeared, he was 54 a new bicycle. This isfor you! he said.It took a few seconds for this act of kindness to 55. I didnt realize that 56 wererolling down my face.