名词性从句笔记.ppt

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1、Noun Clauses Period 3 名词性从句考点及应用名词性从句考点及应用名名词词 性性从从句句1.1.主语从句主语从句2.2.宾语从句宾语从句3.3.表语从句表语从句4.同位语从句谓语动词/介词主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句名词同位语从句同位语从句系动词 I.名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词连接词：that、if、whether不作成分不作成分无意义无意义2.连接代词连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever,whatever3.连接副词：连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否是否”作状语作状语作主

2、作主/宾宾/表表看看从句从句中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用that.一找二查三选：从句从句：缺少什么成分缺少什么成分：意思适合的连接词意思适合的连接词连词选择总原则：连词选择总原则：.语序问题语序问题.连接词连接词that,what,which,whether,if,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whoseverwhen,where,why,how.it 作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语的用法形式宾语的用法.时态问题

3、时态问题7.同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别.名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气.主谓一致问题主谓一致问题重重点点II名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳:8.8.含有插入语的名词性从句含有插入语的名词性从句名词性从句在句中要用名词性从句在句中要用_语序语序,从句从句的引导词必须始终置于的引导词必须始终置于_ 1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what will man look likeB.what man will look likeC.man will look like what D.what look w

4、ill man like陈述陈述总结归总结归纳纳：2.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they wereC.how excited were they D.they were how excited 从句句首从句句首考点考点1 1语序问题语序问题2.Our physics teacher once told us that light _（travel）faster than sound.travels总结总结归纳：

5、归纳：c.c.主句的动词用主句的动词用一般现在时一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选从句谓语可根据需要选用用各种各种时态时态1.He said that he will go to the station.3.Tom says thatMary_(go)abroad last year and _(be)there for nearly 5 months.a.a.主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，时，从句谓语动词用从句谓语动词用过去过去的某种时态的某种时态b.b.主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，时，从句表示从句表示客观事实，格言，谚客观事实，格言，谚语语等等 ，从句谓语动词从句谓语动词用用一

6、般现在时一般现在时wenthas beenwould考点考点2 2时态问题时态问题何时开会还没有决定。何时开会还没有决定。When the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。When the person was murdered and why he was murdered_(is/are)still unknown.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般一般用用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从

7、句作主语，谓语动词则用从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用动词用_形式。形式。总结归总结归纳：纳：单数单数复数复数hasWhen they will start and where they will go_(be)still unknown.何时何地开会还没有决定。何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.arehas单数单数考点考点3 主谓一致问题主谓一致问题基本句型基本句型：It is+形

8、容词、名词、过去分词形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)do a.It is important(necessary,natural,strange,advisable etc)+that b.It is a pity(a shame,no wonder etc)+that c.It is suggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted etc)+that1.Itisorderedthathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.It

9、isstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold总结总结归纳：归纳：考点考点4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气 a)a)主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气We suggested that the meeting _A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff总结总结归纳：归纳：表示表示建议、要求、命令建议、要求、命令,坚持坚持等等动词动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order后

10、的从句谓语动词用后的从句谓语动词用_注意注意suggest当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“讲时，讲时，insist表表示示“坚持认为坚持认为”之意时，之意时，从句按需要来选择时态从句按需要来选择时态(should)+do/bedoneThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe_(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.was考点考点考点考点4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 b)b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气a.IwishI_(know)theanswernow.b.Iwishhe_(pa

11、ss)theexamyesterday.c.IwishI_(fly)tothemooninafewyears.对现在虚拟时对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时从句中谓语用过去时对过去虚拟时对过去虚拟时，用用had过去分词过去分词对将来虚拟时对将来虚拟时，用用would(might等等)动词原形动词原形knewhadpassedwouldfly总结归总结归纳：纳：考点考点考点考点4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 b)b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在在 suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advi

12、ce 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即拟语气，即_1.His suggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.A.stoppedB.didntstopC.stopD.notstop总结总结归纳：归纳：(should)+do/bedone考点考点考点考点4 4 4 4虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 c

13、)c)c)c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气1.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeting.itIt找出下列句子中的错误找出下列句子中的错误总结归总结归纳：纳：当当主主语语从从句句较较长长，而而谓谓语语较较短短时时，常常常常将将从从句句_，而而用用it作作为为形形式式主主语语置置于于

14、句句首首。it 也可作形式宾语也可作形式宾语。后置后置形式宾语形式宾语形式主语形式主语考点考点考点考点5 it5 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语that we spent so much moneyon these books.when and where we will hold oursports meeting.用用it it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1)It is 名词名词 从句从句 It is a fact that 事实是事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸非常荣幸 It is common kno

15、wledge that 是常识是常识(2)It is 形容词形容词 从句从句 It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是(3)It 不及物动词不及物动词 从句从句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎(4)It be+过去分词过去分词 从句从句 It is reported that 据报道据报道 It has been proved that 已证实已证实 It is said that 据说据说 We think it important t

16、hat we learn a foreign language.We consider it our duty to clean our classroom every day.该句型中的该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：6122结构结构 6 指主句中常用的动词：指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1 指的是形式宾语指的是形式宾语it；2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；2 指的是真正宾语的两种形式：不定式短语，指的是真正宾语的两种

17、形式：不定式短语，that 引引导的宾语从句。导的宾语从句。1._ is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.2.He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.（07年天津卷）年天津卷）A.this B.that C.it D.these _ is known to us all,the 2012Olympic Games will take place in London._ is known to us al

18、l is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.A.It B.What C.As D.WhichItAsWhat总结归总结归纳：纳：_等同类词等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而而_等等只能引导让步状语从句。只能引导让步状语从句。whateverno matter what_ you go and _you do,Ill be right here waiting for you.whereverwhateverNomatterwherenomatterwha

19、t任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。_ought to turn off the light.他所有的东西都被日本士兵占领了。他所有的东西都被日本士兵占领了。_was seized by the Japanese soldiers.WhoeverleavestheroomlastWhateverhehadb)whatever/whoever/无论无论,不管不管however/whomever/whichever/考点考点考点考点6 6 连接词连接词连接词连接词 让步状语从句让步状语从句1.（09湖南）湖南）2She is very dear to us.We

20、have been prepared to doit takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever2._,mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A.However late he is B.However he is late C.No matter how late he is D.No matter how he is late3_wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(浙江浙江 20

21、08)A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever D.WhoExercisesThathewantstogothereisobvious.Iamsurethathewillcometomorrow.Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus.Theresultisthatwewonthegame.无无无无宾语从句中宾语从句中可省可省，其余，其余不可省不可省是否是否无无主语，主语，宾语，宾语，表语表语什么什么1）that 与与whether 的区别的区别()1.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_ac

22、ureforAIDSwillbefound.(05广东卷广东卷)2.Wedoubt_hewilldefeattheothers.3.Theproblemis_wehaveenoughtime.4.Itdoesntmatter_youcomeornot5.Italldependson_theskyisgoingtoclearup.6.Hedoesntknow_tostayornot.A.ifB.thatC./D.whetherwhether/ifwhetherwhatthatwhetherwhetherwhether2）whether 和和if的区别的区别That表确定表确定whether表是否

23、表是否只能使用只能使用whether 不用不用if 的情况：的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.直接加动词不定式只能用直接加动词不定式只能用whether（to do）g whether or not 直接连用时不用直接连用时不用if1._(What/That/whether)wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（08山东卷）山东卷）2._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.what;thatC.That;tha

24、tD.That;what3._madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhatwhetherBWhatthatCThatwhatDThatbecauseWhat与与that的区别的区别缺少成分缺少成分即主，宾，表语时用即主，宾，表语时用what考点考点连接词连接词c).that/whether/whatWhatwhether4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）天津）A.whatB.whichC.t

25、hatD.where1.（08重重庆庆卷卷）33.Allpeople,_theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however2.（08北京卷）北京卷）Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whotheplace高考链接高考链接3.(09浙江）浙江）10Isthereanypossibility_youcouldpickmeupattheairport?Noproblem.A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what