英语演讲的艺术week-five知识讲解.ppt

《英语演讲的艺术week-five知识讲解.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语演讲的艺术week-five知识讲解.ppt（41页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、英语演讲的艺术week-fiveIt helps you prepare the speech.Decide what youll say in the introduction,how you will organize the main points and supporting materials in the body,and what youll say in the conclusion.Guidelines for the Preparation OutlineState the specific purpose and central idea.Label the introd

2、uction,body,and conclusion.Use a consistent pattern of symbolization and indentation.State main points and subpoints in full sentences.Label transitions,internal summaries,and internal previews.Attach a bibliography.Give your speech a title.State the Specific Purpose and Central IdeaThe specific pur

3、pose statement and the central idea should be separate units that appear before the text of the outline itself.How well you have constructed the speech to accomplish your purpose and to communicate your central idea.Label the Introduction,Body,and ConclusionUse a Consistent Pattern of Symbolization

4、and IndentationSee APS page 120.Visual framework:the pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline that show the relationships among the speakers ideas.State Main Points and Subpoints in Full SentencesA skimpy preparation outline is of little value.Stating main points and subpoints in

5、 full sentences will ensure that you develop your ideas fully.Label Transitions,Internal Summaries,and Internal PreviewUsually theyre not incorporated into the system of symbolization and indentation.Theyre labeled separately and are inserted in the outline where theyll appear in the speech.Attach a

6、 BibliographyBibliography:a list of all the sources used in preparing a speech.It shows all the books,magazines,newspapers,and Internet sources consulted,as well as any interviews or field research you conducted.Give Your Speech a TitleThree requirements for a good speech title:(1)be brief;(2)attrac

7、t the attention of your audience;(3)encapsulate the main thrust of your speech.See APS pages 122-124.Sample Preparation Outline With Commentary.The Speaking OutlineSpeaking outline:a brief outline used to jog a speakers memory during the presentation of a speech.It helps you what you want to say.A c

8、ondensed version of your preparation outline.It should contain key words or phrases,essential statistics and quotations.It should also include cues to direct and sharpen your delivery.Guidelines for the Speaking OutlineFollow the visual framework used in the preparation outline.Make sure the outline

9、 is legible.Keep the outline as brief as possible.Give yourself cues for delivering the speech.Follow the Visual Framework Used in the Preparation OutlineUse the same visual framework as your preparation outline.See instantly where you are in the speech at any given moment while you are speaking.Mak

10、e Sure the Outline Is LegibleIt should be readable at a distance.Use large lettering,leave extra space between lines,provide ample margins,and write or type on only one side of your paper or note card.Keep the Outline as Brief as PossibleIt should contain key words or phrases.It should be the minimu

11、m you need to jog your memory and keep you on track.Give Yourself Cues for Delivering the SpeechDelivery cues:directions in a speaking outline to help a speaker remember how he or she wants to deliver key parts of the speech.One way:by underlining or highlighting key ideas that you want to be sure t

12、o emphasize.Another way:jot down on the outline explicit cues such as“pause”,“repeat”,“slow down”,“louder”,and so forth.See APS pages 126-127:Sample Speaking Outline With Commentary.Using Visual AidsAs the old saying goes,one picture can be worth a thousand words.Visual images can make a speakers me

13、ssage more interesting,make the audience grasp it more easily,and retain it longer.Kinds of Visual AidsObjects and models.Photographs and drawings.Graphs.Charts.Video.The speaker.PowerPoint.Objects and ModelsModel:an object,usually built to scale,that represents another object in detail.View an exce

14、rpt from“CPR”:rescue breathing,presented on Video 12.1.Photographs and DrawingsNeither will work effectively unless theyre large enough for the audience to see without straining.The most effective way to show drawings and photographs is with PowerPoint.View an excerpt from“Machu Picchu:City of the G

15、ods.Graphs Graph:a visual aid used to show statistical trends and patterns.Line graph:a graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space.Pie graph:a graph that highlights segments of a circle to show simple distribution patterns.Bar graph:a graph that uses vertical

16、or horizontal bars to show comparisons among two or more items.Line GraphPie GraphBar GraphCharts Chart:a visual aid that summarizes a large block of information,usually in list form.View the presentation of this chart(APS page 164)in“The United States:A Nation of Immigrants”.VideoMake sure the vide

17、o is not too long.Make sure the video is cued to start exactly where you want it.If necessary,edit the video to the precise length you need.Beware of low-resolution video.The SpeakerDoing a demonstration well requires special practice to coordinate your actions with your words and to maintain eye co

18、ntact with the audience.View an excerpt from“Yoga:Uniting Body,Mind,and Spirit”.PowerPointView“The Great Wall of China”.Video 12.8Tips for Preparing Visual AidsKeep visual aids simple.Make sure visual aids are large enough.Use fonts that are easy to read.Use color effectively.Keep Visual Aids Simple

19、 Visual aids should be simple,clear,and to the point.Make Sure Visual Aids Are Large EnoughA visual aid is useless if no one can see it.PowerPoint:at least 44-point type for titles,36-point type for subtitle,and 28 point-type for other text.Use Fonts That Are Easy to ReadFont:a complete set of type

20、of the same design.Effective:Arial,Comic Sans MS,Verdana,Courier New,Times New Roman,etc.Use Color EffectivelyTips for Presenting Visual AidsDisplay visual aids where listeners can see them.Explain visual aids.Avoid passing visual aids among the audience.Display visual aids only while discussing them.Talk to the audience,not to your visual aids.Practice with your visual aids.Check the room and equipment.Develop a backup plan.The End此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢