语法课件:状语从句知识讲解.ppt
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1、语法课件:状语从句状语从句引导词例句 地点状语 从句 where,wherever Make a mark where you have a question.在你有 问题的地方标个记号。Sit wherever you like.坐在你喜欢的地方。条件状语 从句(真实/非真实)if(不能用whether替换),unless,so/aslong as,on conditionthat,so/as far as,ifonly(if)If he is not in the office,he must be out for lunch.如果他不在办公室,那一定是出去吃午饭了。You may bor
2、row the book so long as you keep it clean.你可以借这本书,只要你让它保持干净。原因状语 从句 because,since,as He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.昨天他必须待在家里,因为他病了。Since everyone is here,now lets begin.大家都 到齐了,现在开始。结果状语 从句 so that,so.that,such.that He was so excited that he jumped from the sofa.他如此激动以至于他从沙发上跳了
3、下来。续表状语从句引导词例句 目的状语 从句 so,so that,in order that,in case(以防,以免)Speak clearly,so that they may understand you.说清楚些以便他们都能听懂。He left early in case he should miss the train.他 早早地离开,以防误了火车。让步状语 从句 although,though,as,even if/though,however,whatever,whether.or,no matterwho/when/what.Child as he is,he knows
4、a lot.尽管他还是个孩子,他却知道很多。Whatever(No matter what)you say,Ill never change my mind.不管你说什么,我都不会改 变主意。比较状语 从句 than,so/as.as,themore.the more.I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.我犯的错误比你犯的多得多。The busier he is,the happier he feels.越忙他觉 得越快乐。方式状语 从句 as,as if/though,theway,rather than.You must do the
5、 exercise as I show you.你必须 按照我教你的去做练习。He acted as if nothing had happened.从他的举 止行为看,似乎什么也没发生过。续表状语从句讲解一、时间状语从句1when,while,as的特殊点(1)表示带有规律性的“每当”或从句和主句的动作存在先后关系时,一般用when。(2)when可用作并列连词,意为“在那时,突然”,常用于下列句式:be about to do-when;be doing-when;be on the point of doing-when;sb.had just done sth.when-(3)表达“随
6、着”或“一边一边”的含义时,一般用as。(4)as作“当时候”解,从句的谓语一般不可是状态动词。(5)while从句的谓语动词不可是短暂性的。【例1】_ the days went on,the weather got worse.AWith BSince CWhile DAs答案D【例2】_ you are at home alone,please dont leave the door open.AUntil BWhile CBefore DAs答案B2表示“一就”的时间状语从句(1)as soon as常用一般现在时表将来。(2)hardly/scarcely.when.或no soon
7、er.than.结构中,主句谓语用过去完成时,从句谓语用一般过去时。把no sooner 和 hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序(3)表 示 时 间 概 念 的 副 词 充 当 连 词,如:immediately,directly,instantly等。(4)“the瞬间名词”,如:the moment,the minute,the second等。【例3】Just use this room for the time being,and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available.(2010安徽)Aas soon
8、as BunlessCas far as Duntil答案A【例4】She had _ sat down _ the telephone rang.Ahardly;than Bhardly;whenCno sooner;when Dno sooner;as答案B【例5】I went to see him _ I heard from him.Awhen BwhileCas Dimmediately答案D3以time结尾的短语引导时间状语从句every/each time,(the)next time,(the)last time,the first time,any time,by the t
9、ime等短语也可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。【例6】I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.Afirst time Bfor the first timeCthe first time Dby the first time答案C【例7】I seem to remember that _ we met I did most of the talking.Athe last time Bevery timeCat the time DA and B答案D4since引导时间状语从句的用法(1)主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。(2)若从句谓语动词是
10、延续性的,表示动作的终止;若从句谓语动词是短暂性的,则表示动作的开始。(3)固定句型:It is/has been段时间since一般过去时。【例8】Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?Yes,since she _ the Chinese Society.Ahas joined Bjoins Chad joined Djoined答案D【例9】What was the party like?Wonderful.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.Aafter Bwhen Cbefore Dsince答案D【
11、例10】Do you smoke?_.Its three years since I smoked.AYes,I do BYes,I dontCNo,I dont DNo,I do答案C5until/till引导时间状语从句的用法(1)用于肯定句中,主句的谓语动词是延续性的,表示相应动作结束的时间。如:He worked until five oclock.他一直工作到五点钟。(2)用于否定句中,主句的谓语动词一般是短暂性的,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到才”如:He didnt begin to work until five oclock.直到五点钟他才开始工作。【例11】A good
12、 storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.Auntil Bunless Cwhen Dafter答案A注:not.until可用于强调句或倒装句中。如:I didnt know it until he came back.It was not until he came back that I knew it.强调句Not until he came back did I know it.倒装句6once引导时间状语从句的用法once引导时间状语从句时含
13、有条件意味,译为“一旦”。【例12】_ they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.(2010北京)AAs BWhile CUntil DOnce答案D7before引导时间状语从句的用法表示“在之前”。常用的句型:It will be some time before.意为“要过一段时间才”。It was long before-很久才 It wasnt long before-不久就-【例13】John thinks it wont be long _ he is
14、ready for his new job.(2010陕西)Awhen Bafter Cbefore Dsince答案C【例 14】Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.Awhen Buntil Cbefore Dafter答案C注:before的反义词是after,两者可以转换。如:We had stayed here four days before we went home.After we had stayed here four days,we w
15、ent home.8whenever的用法whenever表 示“无 论 何 时”,相 当 于 every time/each time。【例15】_ I come to Beijing,I call at my teachers home.ABy the time BWhileCWhenever DWhen答案C/D二、条件状语从句1引导条件状语从句的连词主要有if“如果”,unless“除非”(=if-not),as/so long as“只要”,on condition that“只 要”,supposing“假 设”,providing/provided“倘若”等。【例16】Our h
16、oliday cost a lot of money.Did it?Well,that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves.(2010江西)Aas long as BunlessCas soon as Dthough答案A【例 17】The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story.(2010全国)Aor Bunless Cbut Dwhether答案B【例18】The bell is rung _ there is a fire.Aeven Bthat Cif Dalthou
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