必修五unit5语法：从句中的省略.ppt

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1、省略复 合 句 中 的 省 略一、一、状语从句中的省略状语从句中的省略 由由whenwhen，whilewhile，as,onceas,once，wheneverwhenever引导的时间状语引导的时间状语从句；或由从句；或由ifif，unlessunless引导的条件状语从句；由引导的条件状语从句；由thoughthough，althoughalthough，even if even if，even thougheven though引导的让步状语从句；引导的让步状语从句；由由as thoughas though，as ifas if，asas引导的方式状语从句；由引导的方式状语从句；由wh

2、ereverwherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是itit或与主句的主语相或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有同，且在谓语中含有bebe时，常省略从句的主语和时，常省略从句的主语和bebe。(1)1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词主语和系动词be,be,这时从句中可出现如下结构这时从句中可出现如下结构:连词连词(as,as if,once+(as,as if,once+名词名词)Once(he was)a teacher,he now works in a g

3、overnment office.Once(he was)a teacher,he now works in a government office.连词连词(though,whether,when)+(though,whether,when)+形容词形容词Work hard when(you are)young,or youll regret.Work hard when(you are)young,or youll regret.连词连词(when,while,though)+(when,while,though)+现在分词现在分词 While(I was)walking along th

4、e street,I heard my name called.While(I was)walking along the street,I heard my name called.连词连词(when,if,even if,unless,once,until,than,as)+(when,if,even if,unless,once,until,than,as)+过去分词过去分词连词连词(as if,as though)+(as if,as though)+不定式不定式He opened his mouth as if(he were)to speakHe opened his mouth

5、as if(he were)to speak.高考链接：1.When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.A.introducing B.introduced C.introduce D.being introduced 2.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited BA3.The man we followed suddenl

6、y stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing B.having seen C.to have seen D.to see 4.Generally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.A.when taking B.when taken C.when to take D.when to be taken DB5.Unless _ to speak,you should remain

7、silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited 6.When _,the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed AA7.Though _ money,his parents man-aged to send him to university.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lac

8、ked in 8.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun CD(2)当从句主语是当从句主语是 It,谓语动词有含有系动词谓语动词有含有系动词be时时,可以把可以把 it系动词系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词（一起省略。此时构成连词（if，unless,when，whenever）+形形容词的结构。如：容词的结构。如：Unless（it is）necessary，youd better not refer

9、 to the dictionary.另外另外,我们还可以用我们还可以用so或或not代替上文内容代替上文内容,此时可有此时可有if+so/not。Get up early tomorrow.If not(you dont get up early),you will miss the early bus.He may not be at home then,if so(he is not at home),leave him a note.(3)在在than或或asas引导的从句中引导的从句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。情况下被省略。He has

10、made greater progress than(he did)before/ever.He came home earlier than(he was)expected.She works as hard as young people.二、在限定性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词that，which,whom可以省略；在以the same.as和such.as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which；在含被动语态的定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，可以省略关系代词和be,省略之后,变成过去分词短语作定语。高考链接：9.You

11、 re always working.Come on,lets go shopping._ you ever want to do is going shopping.A.Anything B.Something C.All D.That 10.Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.he explained B.what he explained C.how he explained D.why he explained CA11.What surprised me was not what

12、 he said but _ he said it.A.the way B.in the way that B.C.in the way D.the way which 12.It is easy to do the repair._ you need is a hammer and some nails.A.Something B.All C.Both D.Everything 13.Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you.A.something B.anything C.all

13、D.that AAC三、宾语从句中的省略三、宾语从句中的省略1 1）由）由which,when,where,howwhich,when,where,how和和why why 引导的宾引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去语从句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词只保留引导词。Please pass me one of these books,I dont care which(you pass me).2)2)在在I Im afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,m afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,I guessI guess等开头的作答句中，后面

14、跟等开头的作答句中，后面跟so so 与与 not not 分分别用于肯定或否定宾语是，宾语从句可省去。别用于肯定或否定宾语是，宾语从句可省去。-Do you think it will rain?-I hope not(that it will not rain).3.及物动词后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。They said(that)she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever.不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号to在在 expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,pre

15、fer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish，afford等后面。如等后面。如:I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want to.在在have,need,ought,be going,used等后面。等后面。在某些形容词在某些形容词pleased,glad,happy，eager，ready，willing等后面。等后面。-Will you join the game?-Id be glad to.否定形式的省略用否定形式的省略用not to。如果不定式中含有如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,通常保留通常保留be,

16、have,和和have been。如。如:-He hasnt finished yet.-Well,he ought to have.在在see，watch，hear，feel，observe，notice，listen to等感官动词或短语及等感官动词或短语及make，have，let等使役动词之后等使役动词之后cant/couldnt help but do sth.只好做某事只好做某事（have no choice but to do sth.)Have you ever been to the seaside?-No,we cant afford to(go to the seasid

17、e).高考链接：14.As youve never been there before,Ill have someone _ you the way.A.to show B.show C.showing D.showed 15.Ill be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?Not at all,_.A.I have no time B.Id rather not C.Id like it D.Id be happy to 16.Does your brother intend to study German

18、?Yes,he intends _.A./B.to C.so D.that BDB17.Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?_.A.Yes,Id like to go to the Grand Theatre B.Id like to,but I have an exam tomorrow C.No,I wont D.Thats right 18.You should have thanked her before you left.I meant _,but when I was leaving I couldn

19、t find her anywhere.A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing to BB 在if引导的虚拟条件句中 在if引导的虚拟语气条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首，省略if。高考链接：19._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will 20._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the fi

20、lms so often.A.If it is not B.Were C.Had it not been D.If they were not BC 在否定结构中 由nor，neither等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。高考链接：21.I didnt know what was on his mind at the time,nor did _.A.anyone B.anyone else C.no one D.no one else 22.Of the making of good books there is no end;neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives.A.there is B.there are C.is there D.are there BC23.I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible!_.A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I B