商务英语阅读Unit6-叶兴国.ppt

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1、UNIT 62014.11Business English:A Reading CourseBACKGROUND INFORMATION管理是科学又是艺术。其艺术表现在：成功的管理者对不同的管理对象和管理场景，会演绎出不同特色的“话剧”。领导艺术：是领导的方式方法上表现出的创造性、艺术性。成功的管理者，注意以下几方面：1、提高自身修养，宽容、善待下属，构建和谐美好的工作氛围；2、懂得知人善任；3、必须善于领导；4、永远充满激情，并学会自我舒缓压力；5、不断地给员工激励而非命令。WARM-UP QUESTIONS1.1.As As we we know know it it is is grea

2、t great for for one one to to have have a a dream dream and and a a great great idea,idea,but but it it is is greater greater to to harness harness many many peoples peoples ideas.ideas.How How can can managers managers get get ideas ideas from from many many people people to to make make better bet

3、ter decisions in this information age?decisions in this information age?2.Why can we learn powerful lessons from 2.Why can we learn powerful lessons from powerful people who are even considered bad powerful people who are even considered bad bosses?bosses?Business English:A Reading CourseREADING SKI

4、LLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING Basic reading skills:1)Skimming 1)Skimming 略读：略读：2)Skipping 2)Skipping 跳读：跳读：skimming_and_scanning.docskimming_and_scanning.doc3)Guessing the new words 3)Guessing the new words 猜测生词：猜测生词：Business English:A Reading CourseREADING SKILL

5、S:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING Questions:1.What is word formation?1.What is word formation?2.What are the word formations we often use?2.What are the word formations we often use?Unit 5:Affixation;Compounding;Unit 5:Affixation;Compounding;Unit 6:Conversion;Blending;

6、Shortening;Unit 6:Conversion;Blending;Shortening;Unit 7:Onomatopoeia;Back formation;Formation of nonce words;Loan Unit 7:Onomatopoeia;Back formation;Formation of nonce words;Loan word;Coinage word;Coinage Business English:A Reading CourseREADING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS

7、ENGLISH READING 1.Affixation:1.Affixation:前缀法前缀法 Prefixation:Prefixation:加前缀加前缀 Suffixation:Suffixation:加后缀加后缀2.Compounding:2.Compounding:合成法合成法 Compound Nouns:Compound Nouns:复合名词复合名词 Compound Adjectives:Compound Adjectives:复合形容词复合形容词 Compound Verbs:Compound Verbs:复合动词复合动词 Compound Adverbs:Compound

8、Adverbs:复合副词复合副词 Compound Pronouns:Compound Pronouns:复合代词复合代词 Business English:A Reading CourseUNIT 5READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 3.Conversion:3.Conversion:转化法转化法/Zero derivation/Zero derivation零位派生零位派生 e.g.doctor e.g.doctor 医生医生n.to doctorn.to doctor

9、伪造伪造v.v.4.Blending:4.Blending:混合法混合法/拼缀法拼缀法 1)1)前词首部前词首部+后词尾部后词尾部:teletelecast=television+broadcast cast=television+broadcast 电视广播电视广播 2)2)前词全部前词全部+后词尾部后词尾部:workworkaholic=work+alcoholic aholic=work+alcoholic 工作狂工作狂 3)3)前词首部前词首部+后词全部后词全部:heliheliport=helicopter+portport=helicopter+port首都机场首都机场 4)4)前

10、词首部前词首部+后词首部后词首部:interinterpol=international+policepol=international+police国际警察国际警察5.Shortening:5.Shortening:缩略法缩略法 1)clipped words 1)clipped words 缩略词缩略词 a.front clipping a.front clipping 截头截头teletelephonephone phone phone b.back clipping b.back clipping 去尾去尾 corpcorporation corporation corp c.fron

11、t&back clipping c.front&back clipping 截头又去尾截头又去尾 in influfluenza flu;enza flu;2)acronym 2)acronym 首字母缩略词首字母缩略词WHO World Health OrganizationWHO World Health OrganizationBusiness English:A Reading CourseUNIT 6READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 6.Onomatopoeia6

12、.Onomatopoeia拟声词构词法拟声词构词法:1)1)直接直接:音与义基本吻合，能直接产生音义之间的互相联想，使音与义基本吻合，能直接产生音义之间的互相联想，使用频率高。用频率高。A.A.模仿动物的声音模仿动物的声音:grunt:grunt猪猪;croak;croak青蛙青蛙;hiss;hiss蛇蛇B.B.模仿物体的声音模仿物体的声音:rustle:rustle树叶沙沙声树叶沙沙声;hubble-bubble;hubble-bubble冒泡声沸腾声冒泡声沸腾声C.C.模仿人的声音模仿人的声音:giggle:giggle咯咯地笑咯咯地笑;sneeze;sneeze打喷嚏打喷嚏;snigge

13、r;snigger吃吃地笑吃吃地笑2)2)间接间接:非直接模拟事物的发声，但它们特别适合表达某种意义，非直接模拟事物的发声，但它们特别适合表达某种意义，能象征某种概念或意境，引起人们联想。如能象征某种概念或意境，引起人们联想。如m m是低沉的鼻音，是低沉的鼻音，它象征任何低沉声，如它象征任何低沉声，如murmur,mutter,mumblemurmur,mutter,mumble都表示嘟哝声都表示嘟哝声;humhum表示蜜蜂的嗡嗡声表示蜜蜂的嗡嗡声,moan,moan表示哀吟。表示哀吟。7.Back formation7.Back formation逆向构词法逆向构词法:去掉名词后缀构成动词，

14、去掉名词后缀构成动词，如：如：typewrite typewriter;sightsee sightseeing;typewrite typewriter;sightsee sightseeing;televise television televise televisionBusiness English:A Reading CourseUNIT 7READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 8.Formation of nonce words:8.Formation of non

15、ce words:杜撰式构词法杜撰式构词法 杜撰词，又称臆造词、临时语，是为了特定场合的需要而临时造的词。杜撰词，又称臆造词、临时语，是为了特定场合的需要而临时造的词。1)1)变形法：利用谐音来改变词的书写形式，达到以错字引人注意的效果。变形法：利用谐音来改变词的书写形式，达到以错字引人注意的效果。如如:Car Care Kar Care(Car Care Kar Care(汽车保养汽车保养)；Cream Clean Kream Klean(Cream Clean Kream Klean(洗洁膏洗洁膏)2)2)增字法：增添字母或词缀，使词义延伸或变更。如：增字法：增添字母或词缀，使词义延伸或变

16、更。如：Good Goooooood Good Goooooood(太好了太好了)；Literature Litterature(Literature Litterature(垃圾文学垃圾文学)。3)3)减字法：保留原词的发音，舍去不发音的字母或字母组合；语音拼写减字法：保留原词的发音，舍去不发音的字母或字母组合；语音拼写词。如：词。如：Day&Night Day&Nite(Day&Night Day&Nite(日夜营业日夜营业)disk jockey deejay()disk jockey deejay(音乐节目音乐节目主持人主持人)4)4)换字法：换字法：以以“近似近似”创造一种似是而非的

17、效果，有时也常以同音或近创造一种似是而非的效果，有时也常以同音或近音且本身有词义的单元替代某一单词的部分或全部而构成新词。如：音且本身有词义的单元替代某一单词的部分或全部而构成新词。如：penman punman(penman punman(说话模棱两可说话模棱两可)；sleepwalking sleeptalking(sleepwalking sleeptalking(说梦话说梦话)；dictionary pictionary(dictionary pictionary(图文词典图文词典)5)5)音义连动法：利用原词与生造词部分音节互换，构成音义连体的新词，音义连动法：利用原词与生造词部分音

18、节互换，构成音义连体的新词，达到含蓄幽默的效果。如：达到含蓄幽默的效果。如：daily egg daylay egg(daily egg daylay egg(当日下的蛋当日下的蛋);Have a);Have a nice trip,bye-bye!Have a nice trip,buy-buy!nice trip,bye-bye!Have a nice trip,buy-buy!6)6)仿化法：仿照原有的同类词而创造出对应词或近似词。如：仿化法：仿照原有的同类词而创造出对应词或近似词。如：Watergate Watergate Oilgate,Debategate,MonicagateOi

19、lgate,Debategate,Monicagate；landscape landscape cityscape,riverscape,moonscapecityscape,riverscape,moonscape等。等。Business English:A Reading CourseUNIT 7READING SKILLS:INTRODUCE THE BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT BUSINESS ENGLISH READING 9.Loan word9.Loan word外来词构词法外来词构词法:如：如：karoshi(karoshi(日语日语)：过劳死；：过劳死；w

20、estpolitik(westpolitik(德语德语)：东欧国家的西方政策等。：东欧国家的西方政策等。10.Coinage10.Coinage创新式构词法创新式构词法:如：如：1)1)政治领域：政治领域：Ground ZeroGround Zero世贸废墟世贸废墟,the global coalition against terror,the global coalition against terror全球反全球反恐联盟恐联盟 political pluralismpolitical pluralism政治多元化政治多元化,bushismbushism布什执行的强硬政策等。布什执行的强硬政

21、策等。2)2)经济领域：经济领域：G-7 nations 7G-7 nations 7国集团国集团,cyclic/bubble economy,cyclic/bubble economy循环经济循环经济,bubble,bubble economyeconomy泡沫经济泡沫经济,kick-start,kick-start重新振兴重新振兴 3)3)科学领域：科学领域：domain namedomain name域名域名,remote log-in,remote log-in远程录入远程录入,netiquette,netiquette网络礼仪网络礼仪,virtual communityvirtual

22、 community虚拟社区虚拟社区,roaming,roaming漫游漫游,paternity test,paternity test,亲子鉴定亲子鉴定 liposuction liposuction脂肪脂肪抽吸术等。抽吸术等。4)4)文化生活领域：文化生活领域：MulticulturalismMulticulturalism多元文化多元文化,headhunter,headhunter猎头公司猎头公司,internot,internot逃网一族等。逃网一族等。Business English:A Reading CourseUNIT 7Questions1.What can the word

23、 1.What can the word“sketchsketch”in the sentence“in the sentence“Kaufman handed out pads and pencils and invited Kaufman handed out pads and pencils and invited attendees to sketch the products they wanted.attendees to sketch the products they wanted.”be be replaced by?replaced by?2.What is the poi

24、nt that Mophie2.What is the point that Mophies success best s success best proves?proves?3.What is the main ideas of the text?3.What is the main ideas of the text?Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT A：GOT IDEAS？TEXT A：GOT IDEAS？Notes on the Text:1.Macworld:1.Macworld:由由IDG(IDG(美国国际数据集团美国国际数据集团)举办的

25、举办的MacMac业内最大的展览会。业内最大的展览会。19851985年第一届年第一届MacworldMacworld在旧金山举在旧金山举行，行，20052005年之前年之前MacworldMacworld每年举办两届，每年举办两届，20052005年年9 9月月IDGIDG宣布取消夏季宣布取消夏季MacworldMacworld。MacMac系统是苹果机专用系统，系统是苹果机专用系统，在普通在普通PCPC上无法安装。上无法安装。2.The Bevy a protective case for the iPod 2.The Bevy a protective case for the iPod

26、 Shuffle that multitasks as a key ring,earbud Shuffle that multitasks as a key ring,earbud wrap,and bottle opener has outsold wrap,and bottle opener has outsold MophieMophies other products four to one.s other products four to one.BevyBevy是是 一一款多功能的款多功能的iPod ShuffleiPod Shuffle保护套，可用作钥匙扣、保护套，可用作钥匙扣、

27、插入式耳机保护套和开瓶器，此产品的销售量已达到插入式耳机保护套和开瓶器，此产品的销售量已达到MophieMophie公司其他产品的四倍公司其他产品的四倍。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT A：GOT IDEAS？Notes on the Text:3.I needed to hit the shelf with a new product 3.I needed to hit the shelf with a new product within four weeks after each new iPod model within four weeks

28、 after each new iPod model dropped.dropped.在每款销售疲软之后的四周内，我得再创造在每款销售疲软之后的四周内，我得再创造出一款新产品出一款新产品。4.He sold the Mophie product line and rolled the 4.He sold the Mophie product line and rolled the proceeds into Kluster,a virtual forum that allows proceeds into Kluster,a virtual forum that allows consumer

29、s and businesses to collaborate on the consumers and businesses to collaborate on the design of products and services.design of products and services.他卖掉了他卖掉了MophieMophie的的生产线，然后将收入投入到一个允许消费者和企业协作生产线，然后将收入投入到一个允许消费者和企业协作来设计产品和服务的虚拟论坛来设计产品和服务的虚拟论坛KlusterKluster。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT A

30、：GOT IDEAS？Notes on the Text:5.Red Bull:5.Red Bull:红牛公司，是全球最早推出且最成功的能量饮红牛公司，是全球最早推出且最成功的能量饮料品牌之一。料品牌之一。19661966年年,红牛维生素功能饮料诞生于泰国红牛维生素功能饮料诞生于泰国,迄今已迄今已有有4040余年的发展历史。为了提升知名度并且塑造其运动形象余年的发展历史。为了提升知名度并且塑造其运动形象,红牛公司一红牛公司一 直非常热衷于极限运动与赛车运动的赞助直非常热衷于极限运动与赛车运动的赞助,是一级是一级方程式赛车红牛车队以及红牛二队的拥有者。方程式赛车红牛车队以及红牛二队的拥有者。6.

31、Facebook:6.Facebook:（脸谱）是创办于美国的一个社交网络服务网（脸谱）是创办于美国的一个社交网络服务网站，于站，于20042004年年2 2月月4 4日上线。主要创始人为美国人马克日上线。主要创始人为美国人马克 扎克伯扎克伯格。刚开始时格。刚开始时 只对高校学生开放只对高校学生开放,它严格限制注册它严格限制注册,需要在制定需要在制定 的大学的大学IPIP地址范围内上网才能注册成功。这种机制保证了用户地址范围内上网才能注册成功。这种机制保证了用户的纯净，从而形成了校内网的特色，即的纯净，从而形成了校内网的特色，即“真诚真诚”和和“信任信任”大多数用户都是有真实姓名、真信息和真照

32、片。大多数用户都是有真实姓名、真信息和真照片。Business English:A Reading CourseQuestions1.What are the common traits of bad bosses?1.What are the common traits of bad bosses?2.What kind of person spends least time in examining 2.What kind of person spends least time in examining himself?himself?3.According to the author,w

33、hat should we learn from 3.According to the author,what should we learn from bad bosses?bad bosses?Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT B：SEVEN USEFUL LESSONS YOU CAN LEARN FROM A BAD BOSSTEXT BNotes on the Text:1.And amongst the most consistent groups of all 1.And amongst the most consistent group

34、s of all are those who spend least time in any kind of are those who spend least time in any kind of introspection:the extreme extroverts,the loud,introspection:the extreme extroverts,the loud,slap-you-on-the-back hearty types,the arrogant,slap-you-on-the-back hearty types,the arrogant,the pompus,th

35、e selfish and the self-centered the pompus,the selfish and the self-centered the people who,if they become bossed,are the people who,if they become bossed,are most likely to prove to be bad ones.most likely to prove to be bad ones.1.1.那些行为方式最稳定的人很少进行自我反省，他们是那些行为方式最稳定的人很少进行自我反省，他们是极端的性格外向者，他们说话的嗓门很大，

36、毫无拘束极端的性格外向者，他们说话的嗓门很大，毫无拘束地拍打你的后背表示赞许，傲慢自负又自私自利地拍打你的后背表示赞许，傲慢自负又自私自利如如果他们做老板的话，结果多半是不好的老板。果他们做老板的话，结果多半是不好的老板。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:2.2.all of these(and many more)hold to all of these(and many more)hold to their actions so tenaciously and are so their actions so t

37、enaciously and are so blind to what they are doing that they will blind to what they are doing that they will provide some of the best lessons in what not provide some of the best lessons in what not to do that you will ever be offered.to do that you will ever be offered.所有这些人所有这些人(还有更多的还有更多的)是如此顽固地

38、是如此顽固地 坚持他们的做坚持他们的做法法,并且对他们正在做的一并且对他们正在做的一 切又是如此缺乏判断力切又是如此缺乏判断力,他们将他们将给我们提给我们提 供一些最好的经验教训供一些最好的经验教训,让我们知道推荐我们去让我们知道推荐我们去做的那些事中哪些是不能做的。做的那些事中哪些是不能做的。Business English:A Reading CourseTEXT BNotes on the Text:3.Since you can,it3.Since you can,its an advantage you s an advantage you can use for all itcan

39、 use for all its worth.s worth.既然你能（学到教训），这就是你不既然你能（学到教训），这就是你不妨利用的优势。妨利用的优势。for all it for all its worths worth不管好坏，不管怎样不管好坏，不管怎样Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESI.T T F T FII.C D B B BIII.B C B D BIV.1.成品成品2.生产周期生产周期 3.市场（营销）战略市场（营销）战略4.销售员销售员 5.经营理念经营理念6.去年在去年在Macworld大会上，考夫曼没有按惯

40、例做摊大会上，考夫曼没有按惯例做摊位展示，而是拿出本子和笔，请参加者按自己的意愿设位展示，而是拿出本子和笔，请参加者按自己的意愿设计产品。计产品。7.为了保证产品达到他严格的要求，考夫曼常在机器前为了保证产品达到他严格的要求，考夫曼常在机器前等待零件的完成。等待零件的完成。“不行不行”、“很好很好”、“还行还行”、“差不多差不多”，这些话常挂在他嘴边。，这些话常挂在他嘴边。8.我为你制作一个录像怎么样？那样你就不用派人去了，我为你制作一个录像怎么样？那样你就不用派人去了，只需要送出说明如何安装的只需要送出说明如何安装的DVD就行了。就行了。Business English:A Reading

41、CourseTEXT ATEXT BI.Discuss 1.Their behavior is arrogant,quick-tempered and controlling.Their motives are typically selfish and manipulative.They show little concern for others and few signs of understanding why others dont trust them.Most of all,they are quire unaware of their failings and the impa

42、ct they have on their subordinates not only do they see no need to change,they often make their high-handed behavior a source of pride.Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESTEXT BI.Discuss 2.People who are extremely extroverted,loud,slap-you-on-the back hearty,arrogant,pompous,selfish an

43、d self-centered spend least time in examining themselves.Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESTEXT BI.Discuss 3.See how much effort bad bosses have to use to make things happen their way.See how others react to them.Look at the effect bad bosses have on trust.See the effect of their rig

44、idity.Take some time to consider what survival in the lifestyle of a bad boss demands.Observe the way bad bosses are regarded by those above them.Consider many more situations where a bad boss has taught you a valuable lesson.Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISESTEXT BII.1.exert oneself

45、 2.Not only 3.was unaware of4.consistency5.adept e acrossIII.1.这就是符合我们为什么会将某个行为评论这就是符合我们为什么会将某个行为评论为为“那不像是你做的那不像是你做的”或或“这完全与你的性这完全与你的性格不符格不符”。2.这是否会使你想尽力工作，或者使你只付这是否会使你想尽力工作，或者使你只付出保证你的安全和事业前途所需的努力？出保证你的安全和事业前途所需的努力？3.你曾多少次看到一个差劲的领导把一个原你曾多少次看到一个差劲的领导把一个原本可以成功的东西毁掉，只是因为他或她不本可以成功的东西毁掉，只是因为他或她不愿意承认并改变一

46、个糟糕的决定？愿意承认并改变一个糟糕的决定？Business English:A Reading CourseKEYS TO EXERCISES1.Try to remember new words and expressions in Unit 6;2.Make a summary for Part IV Supplementary Reading with no more than 50 words;3.Finish Part V Test Yourself on P75,five minutes for each passage.4.Preview new words and expressions in Unit 7.Business English:A Reading CourseAssignment