马王堆导游词3篇.docx

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1、马王堆导游词3篇马王堆导游词3篇本文书目马王堆导游词马王堆导游词湖南长沙马王堆汉墓女尸英文导游词各位挚友：大家好!欢迎参观长沙马王堆汉墓出土文物陈设馆，下面从三个部分给大家进行讲解。前言(略)、照片、模型马王堆汉墓位于长沙市东部地区原马王堆乡，距市中心约4千米。这里地势平坦，地面有土冢两个，它们大小相仿，平地兀起，中间相连，形态颇似马鞍。相传这里是五代时楚王马殷的墓地，故名马王堆。但依据北宋太平寰宇记长沙县的记载，这里是西汉初年长沙王刘发葬其母程、唐二姬的墓地，号曰双女冢。原委马王堆这座奇妙古墓的墓圭人是谁呢?在未发掘之前，实为千古之谜。1971年底，湖南省军区366医院确定在此修建地下病房和

2、仓库。为了协作基建，我们对此进行了考古发堀，这才揭开了这座千年地官的神奇面纱。(模型)马王堆汉墓墓坑模型马王堆共有三座墓，按发觉秩序的先后，分别编为一号、二号、三号。其中一号、二号墓东西方向平行并列，三号墓在一号墓南侧。一号墓墓曰呈方形，下面为斗形墓坑，是典型的西汉墓葬形式。墓口南北长195米，东西宽178米，从封土算有205米深。自墓口向下有4级台阶，墓室北面有一条由地面几乎直达墓底的斜坡墓道。墓中共出土漆本器、纺织品、帛画等各类文物1800余件及一具倮存非常完整的女尸。二号墓墓口和中部为圆形，下面3米处为方形，由于曾经多次被盗，且白膏泥密封较差，故整个墓葬已严峻坍塌，仅残余200余件文物。

3、三号墓与一号墓形制相同，因该墓保存得较好，出土了帛书、帛画、简牍、漆木器、纺织品等1000多件文物。缺憾的是，该墓尸体已经腐烂，仅残存一具骨架。经鉴定，墓主子是一个身高约185米，年龄30岁左右的男性。一号墓填塞物模型一号墓之所以保存得如此完整，主要缘由在于：首先在墓室底部铺垫15厘米厚的白膏泥，棺椁上部及四周填塞厚度约为斗0厘米、重5000多千克的木炭，再在木炭外面填放1.3米厚的白膏泥，白膏泥之上的填土又每隔半米厚时用夯锤夯实一次。墓中放置木炭主要起防潮、干燥作用，墓中少量水分可以被它吸附。白膏泥的学名叫微晶高岭土，是制造瓷器的原料，它有较强的防渗漏和密闭特性。正由于当时实行了这样的筑墓方

4、式，即深埋密封，该墓的尸体、葬具及大量随葬器物才能够完整地保存下来。纪年木牍三号墓出土的这支纪年木牍上有这样一段文十二年二月乙巳朔戊辰，家丞奋移主藏郎中，移藏物一编，书到先质，具奏主藏君。把这段文翻译成现代汉语就是：卜二年二月乙巳朔戊辰，管家奋将随葬品及其一份清单递呈主藏郎中。主藏郎中收到清单后，先后比照实物唱读和验收，最终将结果启奏主葬君。在这支给墓主子去阴曹地府开具的通行证上，有十二年二月乙巳朔的记录。经考证指的是汉文帝十二年二月二十四日，即公元前168年2月24日，这就是三号墓墓主子下葬的精确日期。利苍玉印经过考古发掘，我们发觉马王堆是西汉初期驮侯家族的墓地。从二号墓出土的利苍玉印、软侯

5、之印(铜印和长沙丞相(铜印)来看，二号墓墓主子应当是第一代皲侯、长沙国丞相利苍。他生于战圄末年，死于西汉高后二年(公元前186年)。早年利苍曾跟随汉高祖刘邦参与过秦末农夫起义、楚汉之争，为西汉王朝的建立立下了丰功伟绩。汉初他升任长沙圄丞相，极力巩固中心政权，维护祖圄统一大业，据史记和汉书记载，于惠帝二年四月(公元前193年)以功再封驮侯。f社，是地名，在现在的河南省罗山县和光山县之间。食邑为七百户，与陈平、张良等万户侯相比，是个不太大的侯。但是由于利苍处在长沙国的位置独特，所以家族成员生前甘食美服，享尽人间的荣华富贵，死后也得到厚葬。妾辛追印利苍的夫人葬于一号墓，依据墓中出土的一枚妾辛追的印章

6、可以得知她的姓名叫辛追。虽然贵为侯爵夫人，她却经验了早年丧夫、晚年丧子的锥心之痛，于汊文帝后元一年(公元前163年)左右撒手人寰，死时大约50多岁。依据女尸和t形帛画上辛追的形象，我们请西安超人雕塑探讨院复原了一个中年驮侯夫人的蜡像，再现了辛追当年的风采。马王堆导游词马王堆导游词（2） | 返回书目各位挚友：大家好！欢迎参观长沙马王堆汉墓出土文物陈设馆，下面从三个部分给大家进行讲解。前言（略）、照片、模型马王堆汉墓位于长沙市东部地区原马王堆乡，距市中心约4千米。这里地势平坦，地面有土冢两个，它们大小相仿，平地兀起，中间相连，形态颇似马鞍。相传这里是五代时楚王马殷的墓地，故名“马王堆”。但依据北

7、宋太平寰宇记长沙县的记载，这里是西汉初年长沙王刘发葬其母程、唐二姬的墓地，号曰“双女冢”。原委马王堆这座奇妙古墓的墓圭人是谁呢？在未发掘之前，实为千古之谜。1971年底，湖南省军区366医院确定在此修建地下病房和仓库。为了协作基建，我们对此进行了考古发堀，这才揭开了这座千年地官的神奇面纱。（模型）马王堆汉墓墓坑模型马王堆共有三座墓，按发觉秩序的先后，分别编为一号、二号、三号。其中一号、二号墓东西方向平行并列，三号墓在一号墓南侧。一号墓墓曰呈方形，下面为斗形墓坑，是典型的西汉墓葬形式。墓口南北长195米，东西宽178米，从封土算有205米深。自墓口向下有4级台阶，墓室北面有一条由地面几乎直达墓底

8、的斜坡墓道。墓中共出土漆本器、纺织品、帛画等各类文物1800余件及一具倮存非常完整的女尸。二号墓墓口和中部为圆形，下面3米处为方形，由于曾经多次被盗，且白膏泥密封较差，故整个墓葬已严峻坍塌，仅残余200余件文物。三号墓与一号墓形制相同，因该墓保存得较好，出土了帛书、帛画、简牍、漆木器、纺织品等1000多件文物。缺憾的是，该墓尸体已经腐烂，仅残存一具骨架。经鉴定，墓主子是一个身高约185米，年龄30岁左右的男性。一号墓填塞物模型一号墓之所以保存得如此完整，主要缘由在于：首先在墓室底部铺垫15厘米厚的白膏泥，棺椁上部及四周填塞厚度约为斗0厘米、重5000多千克的木炭，再在木炭外面填放1.3米厚的白

9、膏泥，白膏泥之上的填土又每隔半米厚时用夯锤夯实一次。墓中放置木炭主要起防潮、干燥作用，墓中少量水分可以被它吸附。白膏泥的学名叫微晶高岭土，是制造瓷器的原料，它有较强的防渗漏和密闭特性。正由于当时实行了这样的筑墓方式，即深埋密封，该墓的尸体、葬具及大量随葬器物才能够完整地保存下来。纪年木牍三号墓出土的这支纪年木牍上有这样一段文“十二年二月乙巳朔戊辰，家丞奋移主藏郎中，移藏物一编，书到先质，具奏主藏君。”把这段文翻译成现代汉语就是：“卜二年二月乙巳朔戊辰，管家奋将随葬品及其一份清单递呈主藏郎中。主藏郎中收到清单后，先后比照实物唱读和验收，最终将结果启奏主葬君。”在这支给墓主子去阴曹地府开具的“通行

10、证”上，有“十二年二月乙巳朔”的记录。经考证指的是汉文帝十二年二月二十四日，即公元前168年2月24日，这就是三号墓墓主子下葬的精确日期。第一部分 走进轶侯家“利苍”玉印经过考古发掘，我们发觉马王堆是西汉初期驮侯家族的墓地。从二号墓出土的“利苍”玉印、“软侯之印”（铜印和“长沙丞相”（铜印）来看，二号墓墓主子应当是第一代皲侯、长沙国丞相利苍。他生于战圄末年，死于西汉高后二年（公元前186年）。早年利苍曾跟随汉高祖刘邦参与过秦末农夫起义、楚汉之争，为西汉王朝的建立立下了丰功伟绩。汉初他升任长沙圄丞相，极力巩固中心政权，维护祖圄统一大业，据史记和汉书记载，于惠帝二年四月（公元前193年）以功再封驮

11、侯。f社，是地名，在现在的河南省罗山县和光山县之间。食邑为七百户，与陈平、张良等万户侯相比，是个不太大的侯。但是由于利苍处在长沙国的位置独特，所以家族成员生前甘食美服，享尽人间的荣华富贵，死后也得到厚葬。“妾辛追”印利苍的夫人葬于一号墓，依据墓中出土的一枚“妾辛追”的印章可以得知她的姓名叫辛追。虽然贵为侯爵夫人，她却经验了早年丧夫、晚年丧子的锥心之痛，于汊文帝后元一年（公元前163年）左右撒手人寰，死时大约50多岁。依据女尸和T形帛画上辛追的形象，我们请西安超人雕塑探讨院复原了一个中年驮侯夫人的蜡像，再现了辛追当年的风采。湖南长沙马王堆汉墓女尸英文导游词马王堆导游词（3） | 返回书目mawa

12、ngdui is located in the eastern outskirts of changsha, about 4km from downtown changsha,in the preceeding centuries, it was bured here, hence the name mawangduiformerly there were two eastern mounds here closely linked together.from 1972 to early 1974, chinese archacological workers unearthed three

13、tombs of the wester han dynasty here and achieved tremendous results that attracted wide attention at home and abroad.they excavated more than 3000 cultural relied and a well-preserved female corpse from the tombs.according to seals unearthed from tomb no2chancellor to the prince to changsha,seal of

14、 the marquis of daiwe know that the mawangdui was burial ground of licang , chancellor to the prince of changsha statte and mqrquis of dai in the early western han dynasty and his family.according to the historical records , licang died in the secong year of the reign of empress lu . the occupants i

15、n tomb no3 were believed to be his son. unearthed from the tomb was a wooden tablet with the burial bate, which readsthe first day of the second month in the twelfth year after careful textual research this was indentified as the twelfth year of reign of the han emperor wen ci . the corpse in tomb n

16、o1 is that of licang wife, whose personal name , according to an unearthed seal, was xingzhui, a study of conclusion that tomb no1 dates from about the 6th dacade of the 2nd century b,ca little later than tomb no3 tomb no1 is the best preserved, and most of the relies showed here were excavated from

17、 this tomb.now , i will introduce this thing to you one by one:these are figurines 162 wooden figurines were unearthed from tomb no1 and 104 form tomb no3 , they fall into three categories:attendants, musicians and odd-jobservants. no doubt , they represent the numerous servants enslaved by the marq

18、uis of dai, which reveal the parasitic life of the family.now , pls look at these instuments, an intact zither with 25 strings, pipes composed of 22 pierced bamboo sticks and a set of pitch pipes were found in tomb no1 , in addition , a zither , a t- stringed harp, pipes and bamboo flutes were excav

19、ated from tonb no3 . strinkingly bamboo reads were found inside . the pipes found in tomb no3 , there is a silvery point on each reed, which controls the pitch, this is the material evidence of the earliest reeds , ever used in wind instruments in the world.these are weapons:they wre excavated from

20、tomb no3, there are 38 weapons altogether, including bows a crossbow, arrows , an arrow seabbard, a weapon stand , halberds, pared with the weapon of the warring state period, the bow , the crossbow and arrows were somewhat improved so that arrowscould travel futher, along with the garrison map. the

21、y help us to get an idea of the military situation in chansha state.we know that china is a very big agricultural state, and long long ago, when people lived in western han period , there had come into being somewhat developed cultivation and animal husbandry. look ,all these things were excavated f

22、rom the tombs . the agricultural produce includes rice , wheat , barley, soybean, red peas, hemp seeds, vegetable;the animal produce includes deer , oxen, goats , sheep, pigs, bares ,chickens , fishes and even chicken eggs.well. lacquer ware, so beautiful! 184 pieces of lacquer ware were unearthed f

23、rom tomb no1 and 316 pieces from tomb no3, they includ tripods vases, square vases, boxes , toilet boxes, pitchers, ladles, cups, caved cup - containers, an armreat, a screen, a game tool and a dustpam , most of them r made of a wood base coated in lacquer, and some of a bamboo or hemp base, the des

24、igns, either painted in lacquer or pasted or incised with very fine strokes, were done in smooth and graceful.lines with gorgeous color, the exquisitely wrought lacquer wares indicate the highly developed state of lacquer crafts- manship and a side light on the economic situation of the early han dynasty. now, we have seen the areound parts of the first hall, pls follow me to the central past . here you can see the silk fabrics.