初中英语语法非谓语动词61869.ppt

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1、初中英语非谓语动词知识点总结初中英语非谓语动词知识点总结:非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词主要指在句中不能充当谓语，而是充当其他主要指在句中不能充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的动词。非谓语动词有三种：语法功能的动词。非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式动词不定式、动名词动名词和和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词），分词（包括现在分词和过去分词），现在分词和动名词又统称现在分词和动名词又统称为动词的为动词的-inging形式。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化形式。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化.在中考中，对不定式和动名词的考查最多，尤其是疑问在中考中，对不定式和动名词的考查最多，尤其是疑问词词+不定式，不

2、定式作宾补，及只能用动词不定式，不定式作宾补，及只能用动词-inging形式作宾语的形式作宾语的情况。考查形式通常为单选、句型转化、完成句子等。情况。考查形式通常为单选、句型转化、完成句子等。非非谓谓语语动动词词动词不定式动词不定式动名词动名词分词分词基本形式及特点基本形式及特点用法用法注意事项注意事项动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式（1 1）基本形式：）基本形式：to+动词原形动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带（在某些情况下可以不带 to）（2 2）特点）特点 ：A.A.没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化B.可以有自己的宾语和状语可以有自己的宾语和状语动词不定式动词不定式(3)用法用法

3、：A、作主语作主语，如 To learn a foreign language is not easy.=Its not easy to learn a foreign language.注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用it作形式主语，将不作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词定式后置。除动词be外，外，动词动词take也常用于上述结构。也常用于上述结构。B、作表语作表语，如 The important thing is to finish the work on time.动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式作作宾宾语语C、动词动词+to do(下面的下

4、面的11个动词必须准确记忆）个动词必须准确记忆）动词动词+疑问词疑问词+to do动词动词+it(形式宾语）形式宾语）+宾补宾补+to do常见动词有常见动词有 agree,decide,fail（失败）（失败）,hope,wish,want,plan，promise(发誓）发誓）,seem（似乎）（似乎）,expect（期望）（期望）,happen（to do碰巧）碰巧）I dont know what to do.I find it important to learn English.动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式D、作作宾宾补补动词动词+宾语宾语+to do动词动词+宾语宾语

5、+do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg（乞求）（乞求）,invite,warn（警告）（警告）,allow（允许）（允许）,encourage（鼓励）（鼓励）,advise（建议）（建议）等。等。(不带不带 to 的不定式的不定式)注：常用的动词是：感官动词注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice用于用于often的句中；的句中；使役动词使役动词 have,make,let.E、作状语作

6、状语可以表目的、表结果、表原因可以表目的、表结果、表原因F、作定语作定语（必须后置）（必须后置）动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式Ihavesomethingtosay.Itsthebestwaytohelphim.Marryopenedthedoorforhimtocomein(目的）.1、had better 后后2、使让动词、使让动词 make,let,have 用于主动语态时。用于主动语态时。3、感官动词、感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice 用在用在“经常经常”的主动语态时。的主动语态时。4、please 的后面的后面5、Why not/Why dont

7、 you 后后6、情态动词之后。、情态动词之后。在学习动词不定式的时候还有在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点两点要注意哦！要注意哦！1、在、在感官动词感官动词和和使役动词使役动词后作宾补时，不定式后作宾补时，不定式可可省略省略to,但以上词变为但以上词变为被动语态被动语态时，要时，要加上加上to,如如Ialwayssawherplaytheviolin.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.2、动词不定式的否定形式为：动词不定式的否定形式为：not+todoMr.Smithaskedtheboy_(notplay)thiskindofgame.nottoplayPleasehave

8、him_(notdo)somuchhousework.notdo在在“It is+形容词形容词+of sb+不定式不定式”结构中结构中，形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind,clever,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,impolite,honest,naughty等。在“Itis+形容词+forsb+不定式”结构中，形容词通常表示事物的性质，如important,possible,impossible,difficult,hard等。比较比较ItisgoodofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.你真好，帮助我学英语。(强调you的

9、特征=Youaregoodtohelpme.)Itisgoodforyoutogiveupsmoking.戒烟对你有好处。(强调的是giveupsmoking这一行为=Foryoutogiveupsmokingisgood.)It is+形容词形容词+for/of sb+不定式结构不定式结构基本形式及特征基本形式及特征用法用法注意注意基本形式基本形式特点特点动词原形动词原形 +inging 具有名词、动词的一些特征。具有名词、动词的一些特征。用法用法1 1、作主语、作主语Pickingapplesismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.2 2、作宾语、作宾语（1 1）只能接

10、动名词做宾语的动词有）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有missmiss（错过）（错过）,finish,mind,keep,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,spend practice,enjoy,spend,suggest,suggest（建议）（建议）等。等。（2 2）既可接）既可接动词不定式动词不定式又可接又可接动名词动名词作宾作宾语的动词有两类：语的动词有两类：意义区分不大意义区分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer（更喜欢）（更喜欢）等。等。意义不同：意义不同：remember,forget,stop,go on,try等等

11、3、作表语、作表语His favorite sport is playing basketball.4 4、作定语、作定语 finishing line（终点线）（终点线）1 1、动名词的、动名词的 复合结构为：复合结构为：名词所有格名词所有格形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+动名词动名词Doyoumind_thewindow?a.metoopenb.Iopenb.c.myopeningd.mineopeningc2 2、动名词的习惯用语：、动名词的习惯用语：a.Its no usedoingsth.b.cant helpdoingsth.禁不住做某事。禁不住做某事。c.feel likedo

12、ingsth.d.be busydoingsth.e.No doing动名词和不定式的用法区别：无论做什么成分：动名词都表示动名词都表示“正在正在”或或“一贯一贯”不定式表示不定式表示“一次一次”或或“将要将要”基本形式：动词原形基本形式：动词原形+inging基本形式：基本形式：规则动词加规则动词加ed ed 或或不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词developing countrydeveloped country现在分词用法及意义：1，表示正在进行2，表示伴随状态过去分词用法及意义：作定语：1，前置定语表示已经完成2，后置定语表示被动Hiding from the rain and

13、 snow Hiding from the rain and snow Trying to forget but I wont let go Trying to forget but I wont let go Looking at a crowded street Looking at a crowded street Listening to my own heart beatListening to my own heart beatSo many people all around the world So many people all around the world Tell m

14、e where do I find someone like you girl Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your soul Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand before Im old Give me your hand before Im old Show me what love is-havent got a clue Show me what love is-have

15、nt got a clue Show me that wonders can be true Show me that wonders can be true They say nothing lasts forever They say nothing lasts forever Were only here today Were only here today Love is now or never Love is now or never Bring me far away Bring me far away Take me to your heart take me to your

16、soul Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand and hold me Give me your hand and hold me Show me what love is-be my guiding star Show me what love is-be my guiding star Its easy take me to your heartIts easy take me to your heartStanding on a mountain high Standing on a mountain h

17、igh Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky I should go and see some friends I should go and see some friends But they dont really comprehendBut they dont really comprehendDont need too much talking without saying anything Dont need too much talking

18、without saying anything All I need is someone who makes me All I need is someone who makes me wannawanna sing sing1.Thankyouforussowell.A.toteachB.teachesC.taughtD.teaching2.IoftendosomeonSundays.A.washedB.towashC.washingD.washes3.TheboyJackinClassOneismybrother.A.callB.tobecalledC.callingD.called4.

19、Itoftentakesmehalfanhourhome.A.WalkingB.towalkC.walkedD.walks5.Dontforgethercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give6.IthinkitisimportantEnglishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned7.Thefunnystorymadeusallhard.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed8.Ourteachertoldushardatourlessons.A.toworkB

20、.workC.workingD.worked9.Couldyoutellmethisnewspaper?A.toreadhowB.howtoreadC.whattoreadD.whatread10.Idontknownext.A.whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.tohowdoit11.Myhairistoolong,soImusthaveitthisafternoon.A.cutB.cutsC.cuttingD.cutted12.Rememberlateforclassagain.A.nottoB.benottoC.nottobeD.nottocome13.MrS

21、mithaskedthemanthequeue(跳队夹塞）.A.notjumpB.didntjumpC.nottojumpD.tonotjump14.Whynotwithus?Yousee,itsvery.A.go;interestedB.go;interestingC.togo;interestedD.going;interesting15.Whatabouttothecinematonight?-Thatsagoodidea.Idlikewithyou.A.going;goingB.togo;togoC.going;togoD.go;going16.Everyonehereisbusyre

22、adforthecomingentrancetests（入学考试）.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.gets17.weveworkedfortwohours.Letsarest.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.stoppinghaving18.Wouldyoumindmeafavor（帮我一下）？A.doB.togoC.doingD.did19.MrWangaskedmehim.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping20.PleasetellJimnotlateagain.A.toB.beC.tobeD.bet

23、o23.Pleasedontforgettome,willyou?A.towriteB.writingC.write22.Theboywantshisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.A.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked21.MissYangaskedtheboy,thebabywassleepingintheroom.A.tostoptosingB.tostopsingingC.stopsingingD.stoptosing25.Itsaboutsixoclock,Lets_suppernow.A.stophavingB.tostophavingC.s

24、toptohaveD.tostoptohave26.Wedbetter_ontheroad.Acarmayhitus.A.nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.dontplay24.Motherdecided_Tomawayfromschool（辍学.A.tokeepnotB.keepnotC.nottokeepD.notkeep29.Ioftenseethemwithsomeforeigners.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked30.Hesayslifewontbeworthwithoutlove.A.liveB.livingC.livi

25、ngD.tolive27.LiuMeihelpedtheTurnerstheirticketsonthetrain.A.pickB.lookupC.pickupD.looklike1.31.ThismorningIsawamanonthestreetonmyway.A.lives;thereB.lived;toschoolC.lying;toschoolD.tolie;home.32.Hehasgivenuptennissincehewasill.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.plays33.-willyoucometothenetbarwithme?-sorry,Mymotheralwaystellsmethere.A.notgoB.nottogoC.goD.togo34._DoyoustillremembermesomewhereBeijing?-Yes,ofcourse.Twoyearsago.A.toseeB.seeC.seeingD.saw35.Parentsmustwarntheirchildren.A.toplaywithfireB.nottoplaywithfireC.ofplayingfireD.playingfire