英国文学选读上作家作品完整版教学内容.ppt

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1、英国文学选读上作家作品完整版The 1st period(1590-1595)Henry VI,Part I 史Henry VI,Part II 史Henry VI,Part III 史Richard III 史The Comedy of Errors 错误的喜剧喜Titus Andronicus 泰特斯安特洛尼克斯悲The Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记 喜The Two Gentle of Verona 维洛那两绅士 喜Loves Labours Lost 爱的徒劳 喜Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶 悲The 2nd period(1595-1600)Ri

2、chard II 理查二世 史A Mid-Summer Nights Dream 仲夏夜之梦 喜King John 约翰王 史The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人 喜Henry IV 亨利四世 史Much Ado About Nothing 无事生非 喜Henry V 亨利五世 史The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流娘们 喜Julius Caesar 裘里斯凯撒 悲As You Like It 皆大欢喜 喜Twelfth Night 第十二夜 喜The 3rd period(1601-08)Hamlet 哈姆雷特 悲Troilus and Cre

3、ssida 特洛埃勒斯与克雷西达 悲喜Alls Well That Ends Well 皆成眷属 悲喜Measure For Measure 一报还一报 悲喜Othello 奥赛罗 悲King Lear 李尔王 悲Macbeth 麦克白斯 悲Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼和克莉奥佩特拉 悲Coriolanus 克利奥兰那斯 悲Timon of Athens 雅典的泰门 悲Pericles 佩利克里斯 传奇The 4th period(1609-12)Cymbeline 辛白林 传奇 The Winters Tale 冬天的故事 传奇 The Tempest 暴风雨 传奇 He

4、nry VIII 亨利八世 史Widely regarded as the greatest writer in English Literaturewrote 37 playsabout 154 sonnetsstarted out as an actorBen Johnson wrote He was not of an age,but for all time!the founder of English materialist philosophy.The founder of modern science in England.a representative of the Engl

5、ish renaissance.a well-known philosopher,scientist and essayist.“the young Lord Keeper.”Advancement of Learning(1605)学术的推进New Instrument(1620)新工具论New Atlantis(1626)新大西岛Essays(1597)论说文集Bacons essays cover a wide variety of subjects,such as love,truth,friendship,parents,and children,beauty,studies,ric

6、hes,youth and age,garden,death and many others.Many of his sentences have become wise old sayings.His Essays has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.Bacons essays are famous for their brevity（简洁）（简洁）,compactness（紧（紧凑）凑）and powerfulness.And the neatness,the pr

7、eciseness,the gravity,and the weightiness are the essential qualities of his writings.English poet,preacherHe was the most outstanding of the English Metaphysical PoetsEpithalamions,or marriage songs 颂歌Elegies 挽歌挽歌On His MistressTo His Mistress Going to bedDivine poems 圣歌Holy Sonnets 神圣十四行诗At the Ro

8、und Earths Imagined Corner,BelowDeath Be Not ProudSongs and Sonnets 歌与十四行诗 The Flea 跳蚤The Good-Morrow 早安Break of Day破晓John Milton was an English poet.He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost,which is considered as the greatest English literary epic.William Hayleys 1796 biography called him t

9、he greatest English author.He remains generally regarded as one of the preeminent writers in the English language and as a thinker of world importance.of his writings.3 major subjects:Church government/Divorce/Republicanism1637：Lycidas 利西达斯1650：Areopagitica 为英国人民声辩1667:Paradise Lost 失乐园1671:Paradise

10、 Regained 复乐园1671:Samson Agonistes 力士参孙 Paradise Lost is an epic poem in 12 books of blank verse describing the Christian story of the Fall of Man:the temptation of Adam and Eve by Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden.18th Century Literature:Enlightenment MovementNeoclassicismThe Rise o

11、f the NovelSentimentalist poetryRomanticism English Fiction in the 18th Century Realistic fictionDaniel DefoeJonathan SwiftHenry FieldingSentimentalist FictionSamuel RcihardsonLaurence SterneHe is called“The Father of the English fiction”He is called“The Father of the English fiction”The Life and St

12、range Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe 鲁滨逊漂流记Captain Singleton 辛格顿船长Moll Flanders 摩尔弗兰德斯A Journal of the Plague Year 大疫年日记Roxana 罗克萨娜18th century testament to the superiority of rational civilization over nature and savagery;Puritan spiritual autobiography;A celebration of hard work and fait

13、h Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)Irish satirist best known for Gullivers Travels.A Tale of a Tub 一只桶的故事The battle of the Books 书籍之战The Drapiers Letter 布商来信 A Modest Proposal 一个温和的建议Gullivers Travels 格列佛游记Lilliput小人国Brobdingnag 大人国Laputa HouyhnhnnmsHis language is simple,clear and vigorous“proper words in

14、proper places,makes the rue definition of a stye”There are no ornaments in his writing,but it comes home to the reader Clear and simple dictionVs Augustan ornamentsSimple syntaxEconomy of languagePoet and Painter EngraverDeveloped own mythology/religionFirst major“Romantic”poetThough it is hard to c

15、lassify Blakes body of work in one genre,he heavily influenced the Romantic poets with recurring themes of good and evil,heaven and hell,knowledge and innocence,external reality versus inner.Poetical Sketches 诗的素描诗的素描Songs of Innocence 天真之歌天真之歌The Book of Thel 塞尔书塞尔书The Marriage of Heaven and Hell 天

16、堂和地狱的结合天堂和地狱的结合Songs of Experience 经验之歌经验之歌Visions of the Daughters of Albion 阿尔比昂的女儿们之幻想阿尔比昂的女儿们之幻想The Song of Los 罗斯之歌罗斯之歌Songs of Innocence(19)The Shepherd The Lamb The Chimney Sweeper Holy Thursday Night Spring A Dream On Anothers Sorrow Songs of Experience(26)The Chimney Sweeper The Sick Rose T

17、he Tyger Ah!Sun-Flower(at wikisource)The Lily London A Poison Tree1.use of simple language 2.serious,somber themes 3.lyrical beauty4.symbolism5.mysticism Scottish poet and writer of traditional Scottish folk songs,whose works are known and loved wherever the English language is read.an excellent nat

18、ive poet of Scotlandhis poems written in the Scottish dialect;many lyrics praising nature,love,and friendship,such as“A Red,Red Rose,”“My hearts in the Highland”.ImportanceHe is regarded as a pioneer of the Romantic movement.A cultural icon in Scotland and his influence has long been strong on Scott

19、ish literature.He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland,and is celebrated worldwide.He is the best known of the poets who have written in the Scots language.The poems of Burns are written in the Scottish dialect on a variety of subjects.1)Political poems2)Satirical poems3)Lyrics Poems,

20、chiefly in the Scottish dialect 苏格兰方言诗集The Tree of Liberty 自由树Scots,Wha Hae 苏格兰人Holy Willies Prayer 威利长老的祈祷The Twa Dogs,两只狗My Hearts in the Highlands 我的心在高原A Red,Red Rose 一朵红红的玫瑰John Anderson,My Jo,约翰安德生，我的爱人Auld Lang Syne 昔日时光As well as making original compositions,Burns also collected folk songs f

21、rom across Scotland,often revising or adapting them.His poem(and song)Auld Lang Syne is often sung at Hogmanay(the last day of the year),and Scots Wha Hae served for a long time as an unofficial national anthem of the country.Burns is a many-sided genius.He is not only famous as a lyricist on the th

22、emes of love and friendship and nature,but he is a patriotic poet and a writer of political verse calling for national independence for Scotland and liberty,equality and fraternity for all the people in the world.The greatest thing about Burns is that he is a peasant poet,that he comes from the peop

23、le and therefore can understand the people and share their feelings and thoughts.Burns poetry should be appreciated not merely for its beautiful lyricism,but also for his fiery sentiments of hatred for tyranny and his affectionate sympathy for the common peasant folk of Scotland and for all the oppr

24、essed and the lowly,whether in his lyrics and narrative poems or in his political verse and verse-satires.There can be no doubt that Burns deserves to be considered the greatest poet Scotland has ever produced.Burns is a great master of language;he expresses himself with depth of emotion in simple a

25、nd musical language of lyrical song and he uses playful words and ironic phrasing in the description of Scottish peasants and their ways of life and in his sarcastic thrusts at the hypocrisy and egoism of the ruling class and the clergy.English Romanticism begins in 1798 with the publication of Word

26、sworth and Coleridges The Lyrical Ballads and ends in 1832 with Walter Scotts death.William Blake and Robert Burns also belong to this literary genre,though they live prior to the Romantic period.English Romanticism is a revolt of the English imagination against the neoclassical reason.The key words

27、 of English Romanticism are nature and imagination.They place the individual at the center of artThey argue that poetry should be free from all rules.Interest in folklore and medieval timesThe romantic period is an age of poetry.Lake poetsActive romanticistsWilliam WordsworthSamuel Taylor ColeridgeR

28、obert Southeya major English Romantic poet Poet Laureate:“桂冠诗人”with Coleridge helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with the 1798 joint publication Lyrical Ballads.抒情歌谣集The Prelude is considered as the declaration of Romanticism.Old forms broughtback to poetry:The Nursery RhymeBibl

29、ical/ScripturalThe popular ballad New subjects forpoetry:Children and womenCommon folks and peasantsPsychological aberrations and altered mental statesIdiocy and madness The nature and purpose of poetry itself The GothicLyrical BalladsPoetry is the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge;it is the

30、impassioned expression which is in the countenance of all Science.“Lyrical ballads 抒情歌谣集Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey 丁登寺杂咏Ode:Intimations of Immortality 不朽颂The Solitary Reaper 孤独的收割女Lucy Poems 露西The Prelude 序曲 He defined poetry as the spontaneousoverflow of powerful feelings arisin

31、g from emotionrecollected in tranquility.English lyrical poet,critic,and philosopher,whose Lyrical Ballads,written with Wordsworth,started the English Romantic movement.Although Coleridges poetic achievement was small in quantity,his metaphysical anxiety,anticipating modern existentialism,has gained

32、 him reputation as an authentic visionary.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 古舟子咏Christabel克里斯塔贝尔Kubla Khan 忽必烈汗Biographia Literaria 文学传记positive romantic poetspositive romantic poetsGeorge Gordon,Lord ByronGeorge Gordon,Lord ByronPercy Bysshe ShelleyPercy Bysshe ShelleyJohn KeatsJohn Keatsthe subjecti

33、vism,the subjectivism,The political lyricism,The political lyricism,idealism.idealism.human being admiration for nature human being admiration for nature The The most renowned English-language poet of his daymost renowned English-language poet of his day.His best-known works are the narrative poems

34、His best-known works are the narrative poems Childe Childe Harolds PilgrimageHarolds Pilgrimage and and Don JuanDon Juan.Byrons fame rests also on his life,which featured Byrons fame rests also on his life,which featured extravagant living,numerous love affairs,debts,extravagant living,numerous love

35、 affairs,debts,separation,allegations of incest and bisexuality and an separation,allegations of incest and bisexuality and an eventual death from fever after he travelled to fight on eventual death from fever after he travelled to fight on the Greek side in the Greek War of Independence.the Greek s

36、ide in the Greek War of Independence.1816:Byron settles in Geneva,near Percy and Mary 1816:Byron settles in Geneva,near Percy and Mary Shelley,and Claire Clairmont.Shelley,and Claire Clairmont.1817:begins work on 1817:begins work on ManfredManfred.Leaves for Venice.Leaves for Venice.Continues work o

37、n the third and fourth cantos of Continues work on the third and fourth cantos of Childe Childe HaroldHarold.Sells Newstead Abbey for 94,500Sells Newstead Abbey for 94,5001819:First two cantos of 1819:First two cantos of Don JuanDon Juan.1819:Meets Countess Teresa Guiccioli and her 1819:Meets Counte

38、ss Teresa Guiccioli and her Carbonari family.Carbonari family.1821:Publishes another mystery play,1821:Publishes another mystery play,CainCain.Robert Southey follows with his comment on“the Robert Southey follows with his comment on“the Satanic School.”Satanic School.”Byron publishes Byron publishes

39、 The Vision of JudgmentThe Vision of Judgment a rebuttal to a rebuttal to Southey.Southey.1823:Joins the Greek war of independence.1823:Joins the Greek war of independence.Falls ill in 1824 and dies in April at the age of 36.Falls ill in 1824 and dies in April at the age of 36.one of the major one o

40、f the major EnglishEnglish Romantic poetsRomantic poets is critically regarded among the finest is critically regarded among the finest lyric poetslyric poets in the in the English languageEnglish language Shelley was famous for his association with Shelley was famous for his association with John J

41、ohn KeatsKeats and and Lord ByronLord Byron.The novelist.The novelist Mary ShelleyMary Shelley was his second wife.was his second wife.(1811)(1811)The Necessity of AtheismThe Necessity of Atheism (1813)(1813)Queen MabQueen Mab(1817)(1817)The Revolt of IslamThe Revolt of Islam,(1817)(1817)The Revolt

42、of IslamThe Revolt of Islam,(1819)(1819)The CenciThe Cenci,(1819)(1819)Ode to the West WindOde to the West Wind (1820)(1820)Prometheus UnboundPrometheus Unbound,(1820)(1820)To a SkylarkTo a Skylark (1821)(1821)AdonasAdonas (1821)(1821)A Defence of PoetryA Defence of Poetry(first pub in 1840)(first p

43、ub in 1840)Ode consists of five cantos written in terza rima（三行诗）.Each canto consists of four tercets(ABA,BCB,CDC,DED)and a rhyming couplet(EE).The Ode is written in iambic pentameter.Most of Shelleys poetry reveals his philosophy,a combination of belief in the power of human love and reason,and fai

44、th in the perfectibility and ultimate progress of man.His lyric poems are superb in their beauty,grandeur,and mastery of language.Although Matthew Amold labeled him an“ineffectual angel,”20th-century critics have taken Shelley seriously,recognizing his wit,his gifts as a satirist,and his influence a

45、s a social and political thinker.On his desire,the following lines were engraved on his tombstone:“Here lies one whose name was writ in water.”On First Looking into Chapmans Homer 初探恰普罗译荷马“Sleep and Poetry”睡与诗Endymion 安狄米恩Lamia,Isabella,The Eve of St.Agnes,and Other Poems.拉米亚，伊莎贝拉。圣。亚尼节前夜及其他诗歌includ

46、ing:Ode on a Grecian Urn,希腊古瓮颂”Ode on Melancholy,忧郁颂 Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂 Ode to Psyche普赛克颂”Lyrics:To Autumn秋日颂(歇颂)Unfinished:Hyperion希波里恩（海波里安）His poetry is always sensuous,colorful and rich in imagery,which expresses the acuteness of his senses.Sight,sound,scent,taste and feeling are all taken

47、in to give an entire understanding of an experience.He has the power of entering the feelings of others.either human or animal.His poetry,characterized by exact and closely knit construction,sensual descriptions,and by force of imagination,gives transcendental values to the physical beauty of the wo

48、rld.She called her work:“a fine engraving made upon a little piece of ivory only two inches square”Three or four families in a country village is the very thing to work on(Three or four landed gentry families in a village with their daily routine life:calls,walks,picnics,conversations,parties,balls,

49、marriages)Sense and Sensibility,1811 理智与情感Pride and Prejudice,1813 傲慢与偏见Mansfield Park,1814 曼斯菲尔德庄园Emma,1815 爱玛Persuasion,1817 劝导Northanger Abbey,1817 诺桑觉寺Realistic,With keen observation and penetrating analysis.Extravagant use of dialogues.Typically neoclassical language,simple,easy,naturally lucid

50、 and very economical.satirereligious hypocrisyreligious hypocrisythose who preach one doctrine but live by those who preach one doctrine but live by anotheranother The Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge would became The Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge would became the model for Lowood,t