初中英语语法课件 状语（含非谓语动词 独立主格）.pptx

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1、状语阅读：阅读：可以先删除，将主干的意思弄明白后，再将状语的意思加入进去。定义：定义：作用：作用：修饰、限定动词（v）和形容词（adj）；修饰、限定整个句子。在句中的位置不固定。可以用“，”隔开。位置：位置：表达动作、形容词的程度，方式等；表达整个句子所处时间、地点、条件、原因等。1.adv2.Ving短语短语3.Ved短语短语4.to do5.介词短语介词短语6.nShestudyhard.Imissyoumuch.(歌曲:bigbigworld)Iamverytired.Suddenlyitbegantorain.Wegotoschoolat 7 oclock.Hewrotewith a

2、red pencil.To be a teacher,IshouldgiveallIhavetomystudents.Myfatherwassurprisedto hear the news.Shesattherereadingastorybook.Readingintently,hedidntnoticethecomingdanger.Seen from the hill,thecitylooksverybeautiful.Surprised at what happened,Tomdidntknowwhattodo.A结构也可以充当定语7.独立主格独立主格This morning abri

3、ghtstardroppedintothedeepocean.1.Classes here are much more fun and very different from classes in China.2.Im happy to live in Canada.3.For material things,its possible that youll care about every little thing.4.I feel so thankful for those who have encouraged me at every step of the way.5.One brigh

4、t morning I decided to clean my flat,including washing the windows on the inside.6.That was quite an important lesson for me.7.Thank you for coming to attend the graduate ceremony.8.First of all,Id like to congratulate all the students who are here today.9.You are so full of energy and thirsty for k

5、nowledge.10.And some of you were a little difficult to deal with.11.But today,youve all grown up so much and I am so proud of you.12.Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.13.Youll have many difficult tasks behind you.14.Youllmakemistakesalongtheway,butthekeyistolearnfromyourmistakesandn

6、evergiveup.15.Choosewiselyandberesponsibleforyourdecisionsandaction.16.Oneday,Mr.Liwasreadingabookinhisofficeafterschool.17.Tohissurprise,aballflewinsuddenlyandhurthimonthehead.18.Lookingattheball,hewonderedwhattodowithit.19.Everyyearinautumn,somebirdsflyoverChicagoontheirwaytothesouth,andcomebackth

7、enextspring.20.Birdsfindtheirwaybylookingatthestarsinthesky.21.Sometimestheyflytoothercountries.状语从句状语从句 表时间：when,as,as soon as,while；表地点：where，wherever,anywhere,everywhere；表原因：because,since,as,for；表目的：so that,in order to 表结果：so that,sothat,suchthat表条件：if,unless,as long as,only if等；表让步：though,althou

8、gh,even if,even though,while,no matter等Eg.When I was young,I listen to the radio,waiting for my favorite song.作用：作用：修饰整个句子。修饰整个句子。形式：形式：连接词（连接词（when/while/as等）等）+句子（完整）句子（完整）引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有(很多很多)：表时间：when,as,as soon as,while；表地点：where，wherever,anywhere,everywhere；表原因：because,since,as,for；表目的：

9、so that,in order to 表结果：so that,sothat,suchthat 表条件：if,unless,as long as,only if等；表让步：though,although,even if,even though，while，no matter等引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有(很多很多)：1.I couldnt speak any English at all when I arrived here.2.Money can make you happy,only if you spend it in a clever way.3.This is a

10、time when love is innocent when two people come together for love,rather than a house,car or a good job.There are no pressures from parents to get married as they are still young.4.It is a time when they can choose who they love and how they live away from outside pressure.Even though the relationsh

11、ip may break up,it will bring sweet memories in later years.5.Last year,she met a Chinese student on a plane.分析句子成分分析句子成分6.Money can make you happy,only if you spend it in a clever way.7.There was a woman who lived there,whom I had never met,yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon,se

12、wing or reading.8.When it comes to experiences like trips,you wont think like that.9.She hurried to a drugstore with the money in her hand.10.If you buy a nice pen,and someone else buys one with less money,youll feel unhappy.11.Kelly will go to Atlantic City to compete for Miss American.12.I remembe

13、r meeting all of you when you were just starting Grade 7 at school.13.Although youve all worked very hard over the last three years,none of you did it alone.14.If you have to go your separate ways now,I hope that youll come back to visit our school in a few years time.15.As you set off on your new j

14、ourney,you shouldnt forget where you came from.16.As it got dark,it was time for him to leave for home.17.The next morning,as Mr.Li opened the office door,he found the same piece of paper on the floor.18.People turned off their lights in the citys tallest building so that thousands of birds could ge

15、t their winter homes.19.Lights in tall buildings are so bright that birds may mistake them as stars.20.Many birds like to have their baby birds in the same “house”they lived in last year,so they fly back there.21.We have fewer birds today because there are fewer places for birds.状语从句和定语从句的区别：状语从句和定语

16、从句的区别：状语从句：When I was young,Ilistentotheradio,waitingformyfavoritesong.当我年轻时，我会听收音机，等待我最喜欢的歌曲。定语从句：1988wasthe year whenhewasborn.（when=in the year）1988是是那一年，在那一年那一年，在那一年他出生了。他出生了。Thiscrossmarksthespotwhereshedied.（where=at the spot）Thesearethereasonswhywedoit.（why=for the reasons）区别：定语从句中的“which，wha

17、t，where等”前有其所代表的词，一般与其紧靠；而状语从句中的“where,when,because等”与句子主干没有任何关系。五大基本句型2.主语+谓语3.主语+谓语 +宾语1.主语+系动词+表语4.主语+谓语 +宾语1+宾语25.主语+谓语 +宾语+宾语补足语名词性结构名词性结构（4种）种）只要是名词的，上面的4种名词性结构就可以填充进去。介词短语介词短语是作是作后置定语后置定语，还是作，还是作状语状语Step 1先看介词短语前面是否是名词，若不是名词，则当做状语，若是，则看step2.Step 2根据介词短语的意思，看是否是用来修饰其前面的名词的，若是，则做后置定语，若不是，则做状语。

18、对于A结构都适用and:连接两个相同的组分或句子，并常常引起省略；连接两个相同的组分或句子，并常常引起省略；代表着并列的终止。代表着并列的终止。but:连接两个相同的组分或句子，并常常引起省略；连接两个相同的组分或句子，并常常引起省略；I have four sisters,Alan,John,Jenny and Lucy.非谓语动词非谓语动词7.独立主格独立主格与与非谓语动词非谓语动词定义定义动词的非谓语形式，在句中不能充当谓语。形式形式动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词哦，原来它们三就叫非谓语动词啊，以前都见过嘛！表示表示:完成时态，或被动语态完成时态，或被动语态完成时态：I have fin

19、ished my homework.被动语态：She was hurt by a football.She was born in 1991.作用作用充当主语、表语、充当主语、表语、宾语宾语充当定语充当定语充当状语充当状语将动词名词化将动词名词化定语从句的简化定语从句的简化连接两个具有相同主语的句子连接两个具有相同主语的句子1.To smoke in public is killing other peoples lives.2.My job is planting trees.3.I love watching movies.1.There is a child who is playing

20、 computer games.1.There is a child playing computer games.2.There is a bridge which is covered by snow.2.There is a bridge covered by snow.1.Shi Minrui is a boy.Shiminrui always play electronic games.2.Being a boy,Shi Minrui always play electronic games.Shiminrui,a boy,always play electronic games.可

21、以省略可以省略being规则规则am,is,arebeingwas/werehaving beingdo/doesdoingdidhaving donebe done(被动语态)done充当状语充当状语选择要充当状语的句子，去掉其主语，动词做如下变化：选择要充当状语的句子，去掉其主语，动词做如下变化：方法：方法：主动主动主动用ing,被动被动用doneShe,(being)a teacher,likes her students.There was a woman who lived there,whom I had never met,yet I could see her seated b

22、y her window each afternoon,sewing or reading.(2016随州）Lisa(,)born in 2001，is a very cute girl.主动主动用ing,被动被动用done7.独立主格独立主格连接两个连接两个主语相同主语相同的句子的句子例子：非谓语动词非谓语动词作状语作状语连接两个连接两个主语不同主语不同的句子的句子独立主格独立主格 It is cold outside.I dont want go out for making snowman.It being cold outside,I dont want go out for maki

23、ng snowman.She is a teacher.She likes her students.She,being a teacher,likes her students.7.独立主格独立主格概念：概念：在句中充当状语，但带有在句中充当状语，但带有独立主语独立主语的成分。的成分。即与主句中的主语不同。即与主句中的主语不同。特点：特点：1.它不是一个完整的句子，因为它没有完整它不是一个完整的句子，因为它没有完整 的的“主主+谓谓/系系”结构；结构；2.通常有通常有“，”将其与主句隔开，位置可在将其与主句隔开，位置可在 句首，也可在句尾。句首，也可在句尾。3.结构：主语结构：主语+非谓语动

24、词非谓语动词作用：作用：修饰整个句子。修饰整个句子。表原因、条件、方式、伴随、时间等。表原因、条件、方式、伴随、时间等。It is cold outside.I dont want to go out for making snowman.It being cold outside,I dont want to go out for making snowman.可以省略可以省略being It cold outside,I dont want to go out for making snowman.An old woman get in.A rose is in her hand.A rose being in her hand,an old woman get in.可以省略可以省略being With a rose in her hand,an old woman get in.有时可以有时可以添加添加with，表示，表示伴伴随随7.独立主格独立主格变化规律：变化规律：保留两个句子的主语，将其中一个保留两个句子的主语，将其中一个句子中的动词变为非谓语动词。句子中的动词变为非谓语动词。动词的变化规律同前面将非谓语动动词的变化规律同前面将非谓语动词中动词变化规律一致词中动词变化规律一致。注：注：