Unit 3 Words and expressions 单词讲义--高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册.docx

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1、Words and Expressions in UNIT 3melt vi. & vt. (使)融化; 熔化; 软化 melting adj. 融化的；熔化的 melting ice 正在融化的冰melt down 将熔化 / melt into 溶解成；消散在中 / melt away 消失，消散；逐渐散去a melting pot of different nationalities 多民族的大熔炉starve vi. &vt. (使)挨饿；饿死 starvation n. 饥饿；饿死 starved adj. 饥饿的；饥肠辘辘的；缺乏的-starved 有时会作为形容词后缀，表示“缺乏

2、的”， “急需的”：supply-starved补给匮乏的; cash-starved 资金不足的starve to death饿死 frighten to death 吓死 freeze to death 冻死starve sb. 让某人挨饿 (vt.)starve for渴望；急需 (vi.)be starved for/of sth. 缺少某物starving children饥饿的儿童starve sb. into (doing) sth. 迫使某人做某事eg: The area has been starved of/for water, and the TV program has

3、 brought the problem to public attention.It is said that one elephant has starved to death in that park. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. ecology n. 生态; 生态学 ecologist 生态学家biology n. 生物学; 生态学 biologist 生物学家psychology n.心理学 psych

4、ologist 心理学家habitable adj. 适合居住的habitat n.(动植物的)栖息地 habit n. 习惯; 癖好eg: I dont think that the earth is the only habitable planet.release vt. & n. vt. 释放；发布(消息)；发行(书刊)release sb. from将某人从某地释放 / release sb. /sth (back) into将某人/某物放回到中release news发布消息 / his new book will be released He was released from

5、the prison last month. A lot of poisonous gases were released into the atmosphere. Released on September 25,2020, Leap, which focuses on the story of the Chinas national womens volleyball team, soon become a great hit. The waste water, when released, should be clean enough to meet standards. n. 释放；发

6、布；发行The ceasefire resolution calls for the release of all prisoners. 停火决议要求释放所有战俘。sustain vt =maintain (to make sth. continue to exist or happen) 保持，维持，使继续eg: She considers it challenging to sustain the childrens interest.=suffer (to suffer damage, an injury or loss of money) 遭受，经受eg: The company ha

7、s sustained heavy financial losses this year. =support(to hold up the weight of sth.) 支撑，承受eg: He leant against her so heavily that she could barely sustain his weight. sustainable adj. unsustainable adj.sustainable economic growthfuel n. vt.& vi.n. 燃料、(尤指使争论等继续或更加激烈的)刺激性言论fossil fuels 化石燃料fuel cons

8、umption 燃料消耗量add fuel to the fire/flames 火上浇油v. 给(交通工具)加油；vt. 增加，刺激The helicopter was already fuelled (up) and ready to go.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetite. 暖色调会刺激我们的食欲。restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚约束restrictto将限定在内restrict oneself/sb. to (doing) sth 限制自己/某人只做某事eg: We restrict the number of s

9、tudents per class to 50. I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day. restriction n. 制约因素；限制，约束impose/place a restriction on sth. 对实行限制lift/remove a restriction on sth. 撤销对的限制 restrictive adj. 限制的，约束的broadcast n. 广播节目; 电视节目 vt. &vi. 广播；传播 (broadcast- broadcast/ broadcasted)be broadcast live现场直播 (br

10、oadcast作动词) live broadcast现场直播(broadcast作名词)broadcast the fact/news/information/message 传播事实/新闻/信息/消息eg: This football match will be broadcast live (将现场直播) tomorrow. It is not right for you to broadcast such false information(传播这类不实信息). seize v. 抓住；夺取；控制seize sth. from sb. 从某人那里夺取某物seize a chance/an

11、 opportunity抓住机会/机遇seize sb. by the arm =seize ones arm 抓住某人的胳膊eg: The robber tried to seize the handbag from the young lady. The police seized the thief by the right arm. 【熟词生义】(天津) I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. (情绪)侵袭，突然控制)refe

12、r to 指的是 (-rr-)refer to sb/sth 提到，谈及，说起 refer to sth 翻阅，查阅，参考 refer to a dictionary 查字典refer toas把称作refer to Ben as “that nice man”referto把提交给(以求获得帮助) My doctor referred me to a specialist. reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅in/with reference to关于eg: I am writing to you in reference to the job opening in your

13、department. undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) (underwent-undergone)undergo tests/trials/repairs/operation/surgery经受考验/接受检修/接受手术Elevators must undergo a safety inspection ever year. implement vt. 执行；使生效；贯彻 (=carry out) n. 工具；器具； 手段to implement changes/decisions/policies/reforms实行变革/执行决议/执行政策/实施改革agricultural

14、 implements 农具Dont limit yourself because something looks too difficult to implement. 不要因为有些事情看起来很难执行而限制自己。In primitive society, men were able to use stone implements to hunt for wild animals. The government promised to implement a new system to control financial crisis. disposal n. 除掉 dispose v. (t

15、o arrange things or people in a particular way or position) 排列，布置，安排【用法】dispose vt. dispose vi. dispose +adv./prep. dispose of sb/sth 去掉；清除；处理eg: Chinese vases are disposed around the gallery. It seemed to have disposed of most of their arguments. (驳倒了大部分的论点)at ones disposal 任某人处理, 任某人任意使用harmonious

16、 adj. 和谐的 harmoniously adv. 和谐地harmony n. 协调；融洽 in harmony (with) 与协调；与相配live/work in harmony生活/工作得融洽submit vt. &vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 (-tt-) give a plan, piece of writing etc. to someone in authority: 呈送，提交submit an application/a claim/a complaint呈递申请书/书面要求/提交控诉书submit sth. to sb. 把某物交给某人 to agree to obey s

17、omeone or something or to go through a process, especially when you have no choice 尤指无可选择时同意服从，顺从submit to sth. /sb. 顺从、屈服某人/某物；向某人投降=give in to submit to (doing) sth. 不得已接受某事The students must submit themselves to the disciplines at school. 学生在学校必须遵守纪律。 to suggest or say something 主张，建议I submit that

18、 the jury has been influenced by the publicity in this case. 我认为在本案的审理中，陪审团受到了媒体报道的影响。sensitive adj. 敏感的；灵敏的；善解人意的 insensitive adj.be sensitive to对敏感的；对体贴be sensitive about介意；在乎Wbe sensible of觉察到 善解人意的，体恤的 understanding people a sensitive and intelligent young man It has made me much more sensitive

19、to the needs of the disabled. (更加理解) 敏感的，容易生气的 easily offended Laura is sensitive about her weight. Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more sensitive (sense) to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. 敏感的，易受影响的，过敏的 easily affected This tooth is sensitive to cold. Ther

20、es no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive to the price. restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复restore sth. 修复；整修；使复原restore sb. /sth. to sth. 使复原；使复位；恢复(某种情况或感受)We hope to restore the garden to its former glory. Such kindness restores your faith in human nature. Physical sports can help to restore you

21、to health. 帮助你恢复健康。The local people expect to restore their customs. 当地人希望恢复他们的习俗。conservation n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持conservation of energy能量守恒(定律)conservation area保护区environmental conservation环境保护water conservation水资源的保护 conservationist n. (自然环境、野生动植物等)保护主义者 conserve vt. 保护；节省 conserved adj. 保守的The gove

22、rnment has realized the importance of farmland conservation (conserve). It is quite important for us to conserve (conservation) our natural resources on the earth. Mike is too conserved (conserve) to take such aggressive steps in his life. tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许 =put up withtolerate sth. 容忍/容许某事 / to

23、lerate (ones/sb. ) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事 tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的be tolerant of sth. /sb. 容忍某物/某人 tolerance n. 容忍，忍耐力At first，my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. She refuses to tolerate being called (call) a liar. In order to earn enough to support his family, the young man is tolerant of any hard job. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司