今天我们讲常见从句 课件--初高中衔接课程.pptx

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1、今天我们讲常见从句常见从句从句：在复合句中充当从句：在复合句中充当主句某个成分的句子。主句某个成分的句子。常见从句从句名词性从句形容词性从句副词性从句常见从句修饰对象修饰对象引导词引导词句中所作成分句中所作成分人人WhoWho主语、表语主语、表语WhomWhom宾语、表语宾语、表语ThatThat主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语WhoseWhose定语定语AsAs主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语物物WhichWhich主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语ThatThat主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语WhoseWhose定语定语AsAs主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语句子句子When whereW

2、hen whereWhy howWhy how状语状语无实义无实义If whether thatIf whether that不作任何成分不作任何成分常见从句名词性从句：名词性从句：充当名词成分的从句充当名词成分的从句常见从句主语从句：在复合句中充当句子主语的从句常见从句主语从句的使用说明：1、that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；Example:That he is forgotten is a sad story.That the highest mountain is Qomolangma is a fact.That we will drink milk tea everyday wil

3、l be realized.常见从句主语从句的使用说明：2、连接代词、连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在主语从句中充当从句的成分；Example:What we can do is to continue learning and improving ourselves.Who I love is the person who is independent.Where I desire to go is(to)Japan and Italy.When we will bring an end to the lessons is on August 10th.How we ca

4、n enrich our minds is just by reading.常见从句主语从句的使用说明：3、为避免句子“头重脚轻”，常用形式主语it作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末；Example:Its a problem that the students have too much homework.Its unbelievable that he sleeps 4 hours a day.Its of course that we are easily addicted to phone games.常见从句表语从句：在复合句中充当句子表语的从句常见从句表语从句的使用说明：1、

5、that引导表语从句时，that之后为一个结构完整的陈述句，that不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分；Example:It seems that he has suffered something painful.The problem is that the milk tea is so sweet.The news sounds that he falsified the evidence.常见从句表语从句的使用说明：2、whether引导表语从句时，句子与对应的一般疑问句意思相近，为一个句意完整、语气不确定的陈述句，其中whether不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用if替换；Exa

6、mple:The question is whether you know yourself clearly.The difficulty is whether the theory is available.The doubt is whether the fingerprint belongs to him.常见从句表语从句的使用说明：3、连接代词、连接副词引导表语从句时，连接词不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分；Example:The room is where we have lessons.The Double Seven Festival is when we express our

7、 love to our dears.The boy is who we are seeking for these years.常见从句宾语从句：在复合句中充当句子宾语的从句常见从句宾语从句的使用说明：1、that引导宾语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；Example:I think(that)everything is in a certain balance.I remember(that)the grammar point is mentioned before.I doubt(that)he is a real gay in fact.常见从句宾

8、语从句的使用说明：2、who,whom,which,whose等关联词引导的宾语从句，意思相当于特殊疑问句，但要使用陈述语序；Example:I dont know who did this.I am unclear about whom the next victim is.He wants to know which drink you prefer,milk tea or lemon water?Let me guess where you went last weekend.常见从句宾语从句的使用说明：3、whether或if引导的宾语从句，仍保持陈述语序；Example:I wond

9、er whether/if the answer is right.I am curious about whether/if the durian is delicious.He was not sure whether his answers were right.I cant confirm whether its 100%wrong.常见从句宾语从句的使用说明：4、宾语从句中要注意时态呼应，但是特殊情况特殊对待；Example:The teacher taught us(that)the moon moves around the earth.He tells me(that)he w

10、ill leave this country and start to travel.They inform us(that)there happened a riot in the town before.常见从句宾语从句的使用说明：5、think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词接宾语从句，表达否定含义时，不对从句进行否定，而是对动词进行否定；Example:I dont think it is right.I dont believe(that)there is a God in the world.I cant imagine it will happen.常见从句

11、宾语从句的使用说明：6、部分动词或动词短语如like，hate，appreciate，depend on，see to等，一般不直接接宾语从句，需要借助it作形式宾语；Example:I like it that I can sleep 8 hours at least everyday.He hates it that he has to work late everyday these days.I would appreciate it if you could consider me as your member.We shouldnt depend on it that everyt

12、hing can be assisted by others.You had better see to it that you have marked all the options.常见从句同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语的从句常见从句同位语从句的使用说明：that连接同位语从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，that不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；Example:The fact that she betrayed him makes him sad.The story that the boy to kill dragon will be a new dragon

13、 is worth reflecting for us everyone.常见从句形容词性从句（定语从句）：形容词性从句（定语从句）：充当形容词成分、表示限定充当形容词成分、表示限定意味的从句意味的从句常见从句形容词性从句（定语从句）结构：先行词+关系词+残缺从句；关系词原则：从句缺什么，成分补什么；常见从句关系代词what which that who whom whose whatever whichever whoever 关系副词when where why how whenever wherever 常见从句定语从句的使用说明：1、关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词可以省略；Exam

14、ple:This is the milk tea(which)I favor best.The man is the boy(who)we are searching for.A song named Shua Ba Xi(which)we always hear is hot on the Internet these days.The type(who)I want to be is a independent person.常见从句定语从句的使用说明：2、含有-ever后缀的关系词有泛指意味，不含-ever后缀的关系词有特指意味；Example:The player whoever co

15、mplete the challenge will receive an award.The player who win the final round will be rewarded.The phone whichever runs fluently is suitable for me.The phone which is of the highest quality is what I am thirsty for.常见从句定语从句的使用说明：3、定语从句的一个固定结构：whose+n.=the n.+of whom/which=of whom/which the n.Example

16、:The teacher was a simple boy,whose past was full of sadness.The teacher was a simple boy,the past of whom was full of sadness.The teacher was a simple boy,of whom the past was full of sadness.This is a pathetic bird,whose wings are injured seriously.This is a pathetic bird,the wings of which are in

17、jured seriously.This is a pathetic bird,of which the wings are injured seriously.常见从句定语从句的使用说明：4、关系词只能用that的情况：先行词是不定代词；先行词已经有序数词、最高级或the only、the last等形容词修饰；Example1:He is someone that tries to break the limitation of human.In the box there hides something that is key to the treasure.常见从句Example2:T

18、he first person that flew into the space is Gagarin.The fastest athlete that we know is Bolt.The only way that is available to the conflict is to think twice and analyze cautiously,rather than outputting severe moods.The last chance that we can grasp is merely on next Saturday.常见从句定语从句的使用说明：5、关系词只能用

19、which的情况：在非限制性定语从句中，关系词表示先行句子的意义时；在非限制性定语从句中，关系词以介宾结构引导时。常见从句Example1:The bird waking early will get insect to eat,which is a saying widely known in China.The economic action reflects a significant signal to us,which means the international situation becomes more and more serious.The farmer was reve

20、nged by the snake,which deeply tells us(that)somebody bad is not worth empathy.常见从句Example2:If the mess moves at a high speed as the light,some rules in traditional science will not work,for which the proposal of theory of relativity is agreed to be great.We should stick to our learning,through whic

21、h we can improve our quality and make ourselves wiser.常见从句定语从句的注意点：1、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于与先行词的关系的紧密程度；Example:The truth which is not known to all is that actually he is the real and the most vicious criminal in the background.The truth is that actually he is the real and the most vicious criminal i

22、n the background,which is not known to all.常见从句定语从句的注意点：2、定语从句的主谓与先行词一致；Example:The boy who is standing there seems like a Net stir.The boys who are standing there seem like Net stirs.The dog which plays plates is so cute and naught.The dogs which play plates are so cute and naught.The house which i

23、s built there looks luxurious.The houses which are built there look luxurious.常见从句副词性从句：副词性从句：充当副词成分、描述一定状充当副词成分、描述一定状况的从句况的从句常见从句常考的三种状语从句：让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句常见从句让步状语从句:表示退一步进行说明的从句常见从句引导让步状语从句的连词:although,though,aswh-ever/however,no matter常见从句让步状语从句：第一组：although,though,asalthough：只能用于从句句首表示让步，且不能

24、倒装；Example:Although he is young,he has a series of underlying diseases.Although the description sounds beautiful,in fact,I dont feel(that)anything is true.Although it was tiring to clean the nursing home,in my view that is a worthful deed for the old there.常见从句让步状语从句：第一组：although,though,asthough：既可以

25、用于句首，也可以用于句中、句末，还可以用来倒装；Example:Though lemon water is 4 yuan a cup,it really tastes good.I dont care what he says,though he speaks ill of me.He did believe,though life was hard and painful,there would be a reward waiting for him.常见从句让步状语从句：第一组：although,though,asas：只能用于从句句首表示让步，且只能倒装；Example:Boy as h

26、e is actually,he really appears quiet.Addictive as Lions Glory seems,we will still leave it away one day if we experience a long time.Poorly as you perform,I may still admire you if your attitude is positive.常见从句让步状语从句：第二组：wh-ever/however,no matterwh-ever/however：作状语，可用于名词性从句和副词性从句；Example:Whoever y

27、ou are,without certificate you cant attend the exam.However you performed,I dont get angry as long as you have tried your best to complete the thing.常见从句让步状语从句：第二组：wh-ever/however,no matterno matter：作状语，只能用于状语从句；Example:No matter when you leave,I will always urge you to stay.No matter how you retrie

28、ve,it must be a failure in destiny.No matter what you see in your phone,there are always records left in the Internet.常见从句时间状语从句：表示时间状态的从句常见从句引导时间状语从句的连词:while,when,as常见从句时间状语从句：while：1、while从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词；Example:While you were sleeping,he was always studying.While I was staying in the Xiaodian To

29、wn,I experienced an unforgettable time.(T)While I was going to the Xiaodian Town,I experienced an unforgettable time.(F)常见从句时间状语从句：while：2、主句动作发生的时间包含在从句动作发生的时间中；Example:While he was standing outside the room,I just got to the class.I didnt realize it yet that it was awful while the corns were burnt

30、.常见从句时间状语从句：when：1、一定程度上，当从句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，when=while；Example:When I was sleeping,the Santa Claus came in my room and put a little present in my stocking prepared for this time.=While I was sleeping,the Santa Claus came in my room and put a little present in my stocking prepared for this time.常见从句时间状语

31、从句：when：2、主语动作发生的时间不一定包含在从句动作发生的时间中；Example:When I am sleeping,I always leave a piece of saliva.When I returned home,I sensed something surprising.常见从句时间状语从句：when：3、有表示“恰好、刚好”的意思，有意外的感情色彩；Example:When I took out the cheat sheet,the head teacher happened to enter the examination room to inspect the d

32、iscipline.常见从句时间状语从句：when：4、在固定句式中必须使用；Example:When it comes toWhen it comes to Double Seven Festival,we tend to recall that that day there spreads a story which is about a loyal couple,Niu Lang and Zhi Nv.When it comes to love,most of us just consider it merely in the angle of material,ignoring the

33、 angle of spirit.常见从句时间状语从句：as：修饰时间时，表示“一边一边”；Example:As I was eating a cup of instant noddle,I was also watching TV.As I listen to the Cloud Music,I do my homework.As they were singing,they were happily dancing.As you tell me the crucial secret information,you should pay attention to the environmen

34、t around in case that you are sensed.常见从句原因状语从句：说明原因缘故的从句常见从句引导原因状语从句的连词:because,since,as常见从句Example:Because the Ag+can be combined with NH3 to form special matter,we shouldnt just consider theres only AgCl in the liquid.You are rejected by the major of our academy,because you are a sufferer of colo

35、r weakness.原因状语从句：because：一般用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句，也可以回答未知的原因；常见从句原因状语从句：since,as：表示“既然”，直接表明说话者直接说明的原因；Example:Since/As you are clear about the entire process,I dont think I have to repeat its explanation a second time.Since/As she has betrayed you,the relation must be brought to an end as quickly as poss

36、ible.We can be dedicated to live happily in the limited time,since/as the life will fade one day.常见从句关于从句我们主要讲了三类：关于从句我们主要讲了三类：名词性从句、形容词性从句、名词性从句、形容词性从句、副词性从句副词性从句常见从句从句这一节比较难，故本系从句这一节比较难，故本系列语法入门课程中不作过多列语法入门课程中不作过多要求，高二高三还会有老师要求，高二高三还会有老师带大家集中学习语法。希望带大家集中学习语法。希望大家学完之后按时复习，心大家学完之后按时复习，心里有大概印象就差不多了。里有大概印象就差不多了。